Its "hapta hendu" in Avestan. .......... "S" being replaced by "h".
Is ‘Hindu’ our National Identity?
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Its "hapta hendu" in Avestan. .......... "S" being replaced by "h".
Guynextdoor2
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Bhakt logic
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We Pakistanis are not Indians by our religion but we are Hindus by our customs and common traditions
Guynextdoor2
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Might be avestan then.
isupportaap
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stop it bhakts by the way Christianity has contributed much more than us hindus in India
Democratization of education
Education in India was a privilege of elite upper classes. It was limited to gurukuls where upper caste young boys would go to study under the tutorship of a guru. Even women from the upper caste families were not provided opportunity to learn. Common people were aliens to this elite education system. When missionaries arrived they began to start schools for common people, generally in the vernacular language. Moni Bagchee writes critically about "Christian Missionaries in Bengal". Though, written with the negative attitude, the author acknowledges the contribution of missionaries in Bengal to the cause of mass education. Missionaries educated children in local language, raised the standard of education, trained teachers and improved methods of teaching.
Missionaries were ahead of their times. Women empowerment would be possible only when women are educated. So, they began to open schools for girls. Upper caste men used to ridicule missionaries requesting them to educate their cows instead of girls. Some times missionaries had to pay incentives to families for sending their girls to school. Modern Indian women have entered in almost all fields in the nation should be grateful to missionaries who created opportunities for their empowerment.
Education that was window to the world, key to knowledge, wheels for progress was made available widely for all children irrespective of their caste or economic status or sex. Today, India aspires for a superpower status in the globalized world for which missionaries sowed the seed more than two hundred years ago.
The tribal people in Northeast India and in Chotanagpur region are prosperous and progressive. S.K. Barpujari, University of Gauhati writes the teaching of Christ changed the evil practices of Nagas like practices of head-hunting and bloody warfare.
Literature Development
The first book to be published in India was the Tamil Bible. Zigenbalg who came to Tranquebar in 1706 translated the Bible in Tamil language. Following his footsteps, William Carey translated Bible into several languages. Missionaries not only translated Bible, but also wrote grammar and produced dictionaries for several languages like Tamil, Bengali, etc…
Delivering women from oppression
Indian culture did have a "sacred" law, but that law of Manu justified untouchability, oppression of women and any means needed to retain the social hierarchy which is supremacy of Brahmins. Sati was a practice in which a widow was burnt alive along with the corpse of her husband while he is cremated. The practice is believed to have emerged as young widows would be a burden for in-laws families and may claim property of her husband. The worse scenario would be when the widow marries again and takes off the property. For them the best way to solve the problem was to burn the widow in the funeral pyre. It was widely prevalent in major parts of the country. Khushwant Singh writes that it was common in Punjab also. These inhuman atrocities against women shook the conscience of William Carey who raised his voice against this practice and created a debate among the intellectuals in India. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was one such intellectual who became a strong advocate for abolition of Sati. It was outlawed in 1829 by William Bentick the British Viceroy of India. Numerous widows who could otherwise get a fiery grave were delivered from the jaws of death.
Widows had two options either to die along with her husband as sati or live as though dead in a joint family system. Generally, they were looked down upon as demon who devoured her husband, teased, ridiculed and treated as curse and banned from all celebrations. Some had to live in 'widow communities' but begging for food. Then the practice of child marriage was common in those days and it continues in a lesser extent still. Many girls became child widows before they could realize they were married. Pandit Rama Bai was a Hindu Brahmin woman born to a Chitpawan Brahmin couple near Karkal, in South Karnataka State in 1858. She was one Indian Christian who rose to the occasion and started "Pandit Rama Bai Mukti Mission" that took care of widows and many among them were children and young women. This mission helped women physically, mentally and spiritually. Ramabai also started a school for women and girls in Bombay in 1889. She pleaded with the British government to train lady doctors who would attend to the medical needs of women. She also started a hospital for women. Educating them, Empowering them with skills, and thus providing economic freedom to live with dignity.
Through the CMS (Church Missionary Society), Rev. Charles Rhenius, a German Lutheran, began a work in Tirunelveli in 1820. In 1830 Rhenius founded the Widow's Fund (Dharma Sangam) that was raised from different congregation and was used for rehabilitation of widows. These pioneering efforts were met with severe opposition from conservative leaders of other communities.
Another evil practice against women was "devadasi" tradition. Girls, especially young girls were dedicated to temple – literally meaning they were married to deity. These young girls were exploited by priests and prominent men of the area sexually. So, they become sex slaves for the community. Amy Carmichael was a missionary who was appalled by this evil practice. She started protecting such girls by adopting them and caring for them. There was severe opposition to her work; often false cases were filed against her but she fought courageously to deliver those girls and give them a life of dignity. Rescue home for prostitutes were also started by missionaries to rehabilitate women who were forced into this sinful profession. Some of the women forced into such evil practices were widows. Madhavi Tata writes that such things happen even now in India: Slave to religious prostitution, Telangana's joginis get to discover there's life beyond this wretched life. On advice of upper Caste Hindus in the village Gangamani aged 13 was dedicated to local goddess, Yellamma. She was married to a potharaju (priest representative of the local deity and declared a jogini. The same night, a village zamindar took her virginity. He stayed with her three weeks, after which he declared her "open" to other men in the village. Not only did she have to sleep with any man who wished to do so, she also had to dance in front of dead bodies at funerals and beg at each house in harvest season. Gangamani, 34 today, says she had to accept this form of 'religious prostitution' as a normal way of life. But, now after 16 years of being jogini with the help of Non-Government Organization has become a full time farmer. Thanks to the efforts of local NGOs, jogini initiations have come down considerably in the last six years. Most joginis are Malas and Madigas, considered the lowest among the scheduled casted. Their exploiters would sleep with the joginis but not eat their food or drink water offered by them. There is a local belief that jogini tradition delivers the community of disease and pestilence, destruction of crop and failure of rains. Laxmi, aged 40 a former jogini contested the mandal parishad poll and won! Now she ensures no other woman in Humnapur becomes a jogini again.
Another innovation is the beginning of cottage industries for women. That provided opportunity for women to use their extra time at home to be involved in productive work and add income to the family. The economic independence gave women dignity and helped them to bring up their children better.
In some parts of the country women were not allowed to wear their upper garments. Upper cloth revolts between the years 1822-1856 happened thrice. Nadar women were not allowed to wear upper clothes by Nair upper caste people. London missionary society fought against this injustice. A dress making cottage industry, Dorcas society began to produce cheap clothes for Nadar women. In July 26, 1856 the British Government passed an ordinance stating that Nadar women could wear their jackets and cover their bosom.5
Medical missions
Missionaries who saw the need for scientific health care began mission hospitals in India. Christian missions contributed much to the medical scene in India. Mission hospitals were started in several districts in the country. Modern medicine was made available to all people. Doctors treated patients with love, concern and care. There was no discrimination against people based on caste. Missionary doctors would be happy to touch the patients even if they are from low castes while the society treated them as "untouchables". Another great contribution was the founding of hospitals for women. Ida Scudder who witnessed the death of pregnant women who were refused by their husbands to be treated by men doctors in 1893 founded the hospital for women that grew to be one of the best hospitals in India – Christian Medical College and hospital, Vellore. This hospital has produced world class doctors who have served with love, dedication and sacrifice. Christians served the community by becoming nurses, as of 1940, 90% of nurses in India were Christians. "Nursing" was considered as mean job and only Christians were willing to take up this job.
Treating leprosy patients with dignity was a far cry in those days. Lepers were considered as enduring wrath of god according to their karma. So, they were ill treated worse than animals. And in some places they were buried alive. Christian doctors began ministry among them by caring for them. What about TB (Tuberculosis) sanitoriums that were created by medical missionaries? All show how social service was used as tool for transformation.
AIDS is another scare that has hit the world. As per the UNAIDS report, India is home to the second largest population infected by AIDS. It ranks just below South Africa. The population of HIV infected individuals in South Africa is 5 300 000. In India it is 5 100 000. If the trend is not reversed, the epidemic may spread so rapidly that it can become a mass killer. Though many NGOs are working in this field amidst social stigma and taboo, Christian holistic mission agencies have done yeoman service. Not branding a victim just as sinner or effect of bad karma, but considering them as human being created in the image of God and object of God's love and candidate for salvation; Christians have extended their helping hands.
Famines
Famines ravaged much of India from 1870 – 1920; especially Deccan famine in 1877 and Central India famine in 1897. American missionaries responded in 1901 by supporting 16,000 orphans. Godfrey Philips said in 1936, "Of the six million Indian Christians, the great majority are of depressed class origin. Yet no one thinks of the Christian community as a depressed class. The church has actually uplifted more depressed class people than all other organizations put together." Feeding the hungry, taking care of children who were orphaned by famines, providing opportunity for the people by training them in some skills were the services rendered by missionaries during famines.
Marginalized communities
Mental patients were considered as demon possessed by the people in olden times. They were tied or chained, beaten, iron rods were heated and applied on their parts of body and controlled by a variety of methods. Medical missionaries pioneered ways to treat mental patients so that they have an opportunity to be rehabilitated in the society. Nur Manzil in Lucknow is one shining example of this contribution to India.
The contribution to the handicapped people could not be overlooked. The schools for the blind, deaf and dumb are examples for the compassionate service of the church towards the differently abled. They were given education, provided means for livelihood and rehabilitated in their own society. Bible is available in Braille in all major languages in India.
Fighting Exploitation
The tribals in Chottanagpur area in the modern Jharkhand state became Christian in large numbers. During the British Raj, many non-tribals tried to usurp the land of tribals. One Catholic Father Levins was always available to help these tribals to fight cases in the courts of law and get their land back. This unique service attracted many to Christianity.
Agricultural institutes
Agriculture was the predominant occupation in India. The new methods of irrigation and crop rising was introduced by missionaries. Allahabad Agricultural Institute was a pioneer in this area which was also a contribution of missionaries.
Technical institutes
With the advent of industrial revolution in the West, industries also began in India. Christian young men who had some education but did not have skills to be employed caused concern in the minds of missionaries. There were opportunities for young people to be trained and employed in such industries. But, there were not training centres for young boys. Missionaries started technical institutes like Nave Institute, Shahjahanpur, Prakash Institute, Wadi and Ingraham institute in Ghaziabad. These institutes trained young boys from all communities and they were able to build their career and families thorough this form of empowerment.
Rehabilitation centre for criminals
Criminals who were thrown in jails had almost death sentence for life. It was not possible for them to again be rehabilitated in the society. Missionaries started rehabilitation centres for such people to help them to cope up with life. They were trained and provided micro-credits to start a small business and build their lives. Many who do not have such encouragement and opportunity would go back to the life of crime. Bethel, in Danishpet and Prison Fellowship of India are some Christian organizations that provide help and support for prisoners families. The women were trained to manage the family. Children were provided with education and some times admitted in Christian hostels. When both parents are in jail the children are taken in hostels.
Homes for the aged
An estimated 1 50 000 people are in queue for admission to old age homes in India. While the total population is expected to rise by 49 per cent between 1991 and 2016, the number of elderly persons (above 60 years) is expected to increase by 107 per cent to 113 million. In other words, by 2016, 9 per cent of the total population will be senior citizens. Historically, old age homes have acquired a negative imagery in the Indian lexicon. When the need arose, Christians pioneered by opening homes for the aged. Based on Christian models, currently, there are about 1 600 registered old age homes run by both Christians and non-Christians.
Contemporary Church being relevant by addressing the challenges
Evangelical Fellowship of India – National Urban Network describes transformation as: "Transformation is a process by which the whole church takes the whole gospel to the whole city so that the power, the peace and the presence of God is experienced by every individual who is reconciled to God, to one another and to the environment that brings economic sufficiency, social peace, public justice and national righteousness." Gospel brings transformation in all areas of a person's life.
Democratization of education
Education in India was a privilege of elite upper classes. It was limited to gurukuls where upper caste young boys would go to study under the tutorship of a guru. Even women from the upper caste families were not provided opportunity to learn. Common people were aliens to this elite education system. When missionaries arrived they began to start schools for common people, generally in the vernacular language. Moni Bagchee writes critically about "Christian Missionaries in Bengal". Though, written with the negative attitude, the author acknowledges the contribution of missionaries in Bengal to the cause of mass education. Missionaries educated children in local language, raised the standard of education, trained teachers and improved methods of teaching.
Missionaries were ahead of their times. Women empowerment would be possible only when women are educated. So, they began to open schools for girls. Upper caste men used to ridicule missionaries requesting them to educate their cows instead of girls. Some times missionaries had to pay incentives to families for sending their girls to school. Modern Indian women have entered in almost all fields in the nation should be grateful to missionaries who created opportunities for their empowerment.
Education that was window to the world, key to knowledge, wheels for progress was made available widely for all children irrespective of their caste or economic status or sex. Today, India aspires for a superpower status in the globalized world for which missionaries sowed the seed more than two hundred years ago.
The tribal people in Northeast India and in Chotanagpur region are prosperous and progressive. S.K. Barpujari, University of Gauhati writes the teaching of Christ changed the evil practices of Nagas like practices of head-hunting and bloody warfare.
Literature Development
The first book to be published in India was the Tamil Bible. Zigenbalg who came to Tranquebar in 1706 translated the Bible in Tamil language. Following his footsteps, William Carey translated Bible into several languages. Missionaries not only translated Bible, but also wrote grammar and produced dictionaries for several languages like Tamil, Bengali, etc…
Delivering women from oppression
Indian culture did have a "sacred" law, but that law of Manu justified untouchability, oppression of women and any means needed to retain the social hierarchy which is supremacy of Brahmins. Sati was a practice in which a widow was burnt alive along with the corpse of her husband while he is cremated. The practice is believed to have emerged as young widows would be a burden for in-laws families and may claim property of her husband. The worse scenario would be when the widow marries again and takes off the property. For them the best way to solve the problem was to burn the widow in the funeral pyre. It was widely prevalent in major parts of the country. Khushwant Singh writes that it was common in Punjab also. These inhuman atrocities against women shook the conscience of William Carey who raised his voice against this practice and created a debate among the intellectuals in India. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was one such intellectual who became a strong advocate for abolition of Sati. It was outlawed in 1829 by William Bentick the British Viceroy of India. Numerous widows who could otherwise get a fiery grave were delivered from the jaws of death.
Widows had two options either to die along with her husband as sati or live as though dead in a joint family system. Generally, they were looked down upon as demon who devoured her husband, teased, ridiculed and treated as curse and banned from all celebrations. Some had to live in 'widow communities' but begging for food. Then the practice of child marriage was common in those days and it continues in a lesser extent still. Many girls became child widows before they could realize they were married. Pandit Rama Bai was a Hindu Brahmin woman born to a Chitpawan Brahmin couple near Karkal, in South Karnataka State in 1858. She was one Indian Christian who rose to the occasion and started "Pandit Rama Bai Mukti Mission" that took care of widows and many among them were children and young women. This mission helped women physically, mentally and spiritually. Ramabai also started a school for women and girls in Bombay in 1889. She pleaded with the British government to train lady doctors who would attend to the medical needs of women. She also started a hospital for women. Educating them, Empowering them with skills, and thus providing economic freedom to live with dignity.
Through the CMS (Church Missionary Society), Rev. Charles Rhenius, a German Lutheran, began a work in Tirunelveli in 1820. In 1830 Rhenius founded the Widow's Fund (Dharma Sangam) that was raised from different congregation and was used for rehabilitation of widows. These pioneering efforts were met with severe opposition from conservative leaders of other communities.
Another evil practice against women was "devadasi" tradition. Girls, especially young girls were dedicated to temple – literally meaning they were married to deity. These young girls were exploited by priests and prominent men of the area sexually. So, they become sex slaves for the community. Amy Carmichael was a missionary who was appalled by this evil practice. She started protecting such girls by adopting them and caring for them. There was severe opposition to her work; often false cases were filed against her but she fought courageously to deliver those girls and give them a life of dignity. Rescue home for prostitutes were also started by missionaries to rehabilitate women who were forced into this sinful profession. Some of the women forced into such evil practices were widows. Madhavi Tata writes that such things happen even now in India: Slave to religious prostitution, Telangana's joginis get to discover there's life beyond this wretched life. On advice of upper Caste Hindus in the village Gangamani aged 13 was dedicated to local goddess, Yellamma. She was married to a potharaju (priest representative of the local deity and declared a jogini. The same night, a village zamindar took her virginity. He stayed with her three weeks, after which he declared her "open" to other men in the village. Not only did she have to sleep with any man who wished to do so, she also had to dance in front of dead bodies at funerals and beg at each house in harvest season. Gangamani, 34 today, says she had to accept this form of 'religious prostitution' as a normal way of life. But, now after 16 years of being jogini with the help of Non-Government Organization has become a full time farmer. Thanks to the efforts of local NGOs, jogini initiations have come down considerably in the last six years. Most joginis are Malas and Madigas, considered the lowest among the scheduled casted. Their exploiters would sleep with the joginis but not eat their food or drink water offered by them. There is a local belief that jogini tradition delivers the community of disease and pestilence, destruction of crop and failure of rains. Laxmi, aged 40 a former jogini contested the mandal parishad poll and won! Now she ensures no other woman in Humnapur becomes a jogini again.
Another innovation is the beginning of cottage industries for women. That provided opportunity for women to use their extra time at home to be involved in productive work and add income to the family. The economic independence gave women dignity and helped them to bring up their children better.
In some parts of the country women were not allowed to wear their upper garments. Upper cloth revolts between the years 1822-1856 happened thrice. Nadar women were not allowed to wear upper clothes by Nair upper caste people. London missionary society fought against this injustice. A dress making cottage industry, Dorcas society began to produce cheap clothes for Nadar women. In July 26, 1856 the British Government passed an ordinance stating that Nadar women could wear their jackets and cover their bosom.5
Medical missions
Missionaries who saw the need for scientific health care began mission hospitals in India. Christian missions contributed much to the medical scene in India. Mission hospitals were started in several districts in the country. Modern medicine was made available to all people. Doctors treated patients with love, concern and care. There was no discrimination against people based on caste. Missionary doctors would be happy to touch the patients even if they are from low castes while the society treated them as "untouchables". Another great contribution was the founding of hospitals for women. Ida Scudder who witnessed the death of pregnant women who were refused by their husbands to be treated by men doctors in 1893 founded the hospital for women that grew to be one of the best hospitals in India – Christian Medical College and hospital, Vellore. This hospital has produced world class doctors who have served with love, dedication and sacrifice. Christians served the community by becoming nurses, as of 1940, 90% of nurses in India were Christians. "Nursing" was considered as mean job and only Christians were willing to take up this job.
Treating leprosy patients with dignity was a far cry in those days. Lepers were considered as enduring wrath of god according to their karma. So, they were ill treated worse than animals. And in some places they were buried alive. Christian doctors began ministry among them by caring for them. What about TB (Tuberculosis) sanitoriums that were created by medical missionaries? All show how social service was used as tool for transformation.
AIDS is another scare that has hit the world. As per the UNAIDS report, India is home to the second largest population infected by AIDS. It ranks just below South Africa. The population of HIV infected individuals in South Africa is 5 300 000. In India it is 5 100 000. If the trend is not reversed, the epidemic may spread so rapidly that it can become a mass killer. Though many NGOs are working in this field amidst social stigma and taboo, Christian holistic mission agencies have done yeoman service. Not branding a victim just as sinner or effect of bad karma, but considering them as human being created in the image of God and object of God's love and candidate for salvation; Christians have extended their helping hands.
Famines
Famines ravaged much of India from 1870 – 1920; especially Deccan famine in 1877 and Central India famine in 1897. American missionaries responded in 1901 by supporting 16,000 orphans. Godfrey Philips said in 1936, "Of the six million Indian Christians, the great majority are of depressed class origin. Yet no one thinks of the Christian community as a depressed class. The church has actually uplifted more depressed class people than all other organizations put together." Feeding the hungry, taking care of children who were orphaned by famines, providing opportunity for the people by training them in some skills were the services rendered by missionaries during famines.
Marginalized communities
Mental patients were considered as demon possessed by the people in olden times. They were tied or chained, beaten, iron rods were heated and applied on their parts of body and controlled by a variety of methods. Medical missionaries pioneered ways to treat mental patients so that they have an opportunity to be rehabilitated in the society. Nur Manzil in Lucknow is one shining example of this contribution to India.
The contribution to the handicapped people could not be overlooked. The schools for the blind, deaf and dumb are examples for the compassionate service of the church towards the differently abled. They were given education, provided means for livelihood and rehabilitated in their own society. Bible is available in Braille in all major languages in India.
Fighting Exploitation
The tribals in Chottanagpur area in the modern Jharkhand state became Christian in large numbers. During the British Raj, many non-tribals tried to usurp the land of tribals. One Catholic Father Levins was always available to help these tribals to fight cases in the courts of law and get their land back. This unique service attracted many to Christianity.
Agricultural institutes
Agriculture was the predominant occupation in India. The new methods of irrigation and crop rising was introduced by missionaries. Allahabad Agricultural Institute was a pioneer in this area which was also a contribution of missionaries.
Technical institutes
With the advent of industrial revolution in the West, industries also began in India. Christian young men who had some education but did not have skills to be employed caused concern in the minds of missionaries. There were opportunities for young people to be trained and employed in such industries. But, there were not training centres for young boys. Missionaries started technical institutes like Nave Institute, Shahjahanpur, Prakash Institute, Wadi and Ingraham institute in Ghaziabad. These institutes trained young boys from all communities and they were able to build their career and families thorough this form of empowerment.
Rehabilitation centre for criminals
Criminals who were thrown in jails had almost death sentence for life. It was not possible for them to again be rehabilitated in the society. Missionaries started rehabilitation centres for such people to help them to cope up with life. They were trained and provided micro-credits to start a small business and build their lives. Many who do not have such encouragement and opportunity would go back to the life of crime. Bethel, in Danishpet and Prison Fellowship of India are some Christian organizations that provide help and support for prisoners families. The women were trained to manage the family. Children were provided with education and some times admitted in Christian hostels. When both parents are in jail the children are taken in hostels.
Homes for the aged
An estimated 1 50 000 people are in queue for admission to old age homes in India. While the total population is expected to rise by 49 per cent between 1991 and 2016, the number of elderly persons (above 60 years) is expected to increase by 107 per cent to 113 million. In other words, by 2016, 9 per cent of the total population will be senior citizens. Historically, old age homes have acquired a negative imagery in the Indian lexicon. When the need arose, Christians pioneered by opening homes for the aged. Based on Christian models, currently, there are about 1 600 registered old age homes run by both Christians and non-Christians.
Contemporary Church being relevant by addressing the challenges
Evangelical Fellowship of India – National Urban Network describes transformation as: "Transformation is a process by which the whole church takes the whole gospel to the whole city so that the power, the peace and the presence of God is experienced by every individual who is reconciled to God, to one another and to the environment that brings economic sufficiency, social peace, public justice and national righteousness." Gospel brings transformation in all areas of a person's life.
doppelganger
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We Pakistanis are not Indians by our religion but we are Hindus by our customs and common traditions
Not just Pakistanis.
I include Nepalis, Bhutanese, Bangladeshis, Sri Lankans and even the Burmese is this.
All Hindu.
One would be tempted to include Tibet, at the risk of a troll fest by the Chinese, but the fact of the matter is that any unbiased commentator would agree that Tibet for millennia was the buffer zone between the Indian and Chinese civilizations, with lots of cross cultural and theological pollination.
However "Sindhu" is older than Avestan. Its also mentioned in Valmiki Ramayan in Uttara Kanda chapter.
Follow is the description provided in Ramayana,
There is a country of Gandharvas, rich in fruits and roots, situated on the banks of Sindhu river; that the country is extremely fertile. The Gandharvas, armed and skilful warriors , defend it. When you have conquered them and destroyed their magnificent CITADELS, take possession of their CITIES, which are WELL CONSTRUCTED , none other can achieve this; the country is extremely beautiful.
Gandharvas as we know know is from Gandhar or Kandahar (Afghanistan) as we now know it.
doppelganger
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Hindu.
Guynextdoor2
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Again, I was not commenting about the etymology of the 'Sindhu'. I was just saying that the word 'Hind' in Hindustan refers to Sindhu and not Hindu.
Bhakt
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What people of Baluchistan, KPK and FATA have to do with Hindu customs & traditions?
doppelganger
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Like Tibet, Afghanistan (including present day Pasthunistan and Balochistan areas of Pakistan) was the buffer and transition zone between ancient Indian and Persian civilizations.
More Persian than Indian though in terms of genetic and political influence.
Please don't be juvenile.
I though it was established that Hindu is from the Avestan "hapta Hendu". So Sindhu and Hindu is the same.
doppelganger
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I agree. Only the Pakistan on one side of the Indus is Indic Hindu. The other is strongly Iranic.
Guynextdoor2
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No, the RIVER Sindhu, not the religion hindu. That's what 'Hindu' in Hindustan refers to- the physical river.
doppelganger
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Hindu never did refer to a religion.
@mujhaidind and @Zarvan are both Hindu muslims. i.e. Hindus who now follow Islam.
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