Special Operations Forces of Turkey
Turkey is the only country actually Eurasia, having a unique geopolitical position: access to the Balkans, the Middle East and the Caucasus. Turkey is washed with 4 seas — the Aegean, Black, Marmara and the Mediterranean.
Turkey is a member of NATO and the Council of Europe in cooperation with the Israeli military.
Turkey's military doctrine, which expresses the point of view of the country to the situation created by the regional and world space, assessment of risks and threats, is critical to the development of the military policy of the country.
Special purpose units in the structure of the Turkish armed forces have extraordinary significance. They are involved in combat clashes with Kurdish rebels. Soldiers of special forces are participating in operations in neighboring areas — Syria and Iraq. In its composition has a Turkish special forces troops land and naval mission. A significant number of them — two teams (in the brigade of about 3,000 soldiers), and several units of different chain of command.
Commando units took part in the fighting in Afghanistan as part of the Coalition Forces.
Education is carried out by special forces soldiers are very complex program that includes mountain training courses to combat the guerrillas, paratrooper training, performing combat missions in ports and waters. The program is similar to the preparation of commando training courses in the U.S. and complies with the plans of the NATO command. Tactical regulations Turkish military units correspond to the documents U.S. forces. Over cooked in the middle parts of the special forces unit of Turkey is a special-force, subordinate to the General Staff. This formation is understood as a contingent of "maroon berets" (created in 1952). Specifically this year, Turkey became a member of NATO. At this time began to form teams started to organize guerrilla and sabotage on the implementation of the Union of Russian countryside in the event of a military confrontation. Special Forces soldiers have honed their skills in Korea. At the request of the Turkish authorities training of special forces soldiers of the Turkish military forces involved in the South American instructors of the units "Green Berets". South American instructors have trained more than 300 Prof. commandos for officers and non-commissioned officers. The emphasis was on the landing, light diving training, also on the ability to work in small teams.
Special Forces General Staff participated in operations in Cyprus (entry of Turkish troops on the peninsula has been carried out in order to prevent the Greek peninsula attached to its territory).
To this day, a special unit of the General Staff is doing operations on the territory of Iraq, Turkey and Syria. The nature of these operations — reconnaissance on the ground of possible enemy, sabotage, capture the strategic objects of the enemy, the embodiment of counter-terrorist operations on its territory, the establishment of guerrilla and intelligence network.
The structure of special forces units varies depending on the goals and objectives. In the unit there is a group "A" (includes only officers) and "B" (part of the officers and contractors). Combat units "two" or "three" conduct reconnaissance, patrolling and surveillance. Groups of 5-7 fighters specialize in operations in the mountains. With the huge military operations groups joined voedinyzhdy in a consolidated unit.
The structure genshtabovskie SWAT comes a unique
subdivision — elite in the middle of the best. There are about 100 people, and each has additional training to enable them to function well both on land and at sea and in the water, they also possess the ability to operate helicopters and airplanes.
The selection in this elite group is very serious: it can go only to the officers and sergeants, who have a perfect 3-5 year length of service. Candidates undergo extensive tests. For example, a fighter planted in the mountain area without provisions. Before him stands out in time task in the control point. Often, that complicate the task, subjects were given the wrong coordinates, in order to assess the mental resistance fighters and physical fitness in an emergency. After the end of the qualifying step test, the candidate is being evaluated mental and physical properties.
Training course lasts for more than 2-years and includes teaching abilities and skills required for the successful implementation of at least some job command.
Increased attention is given to language training for the upcoming Special Forces soldier: he must know more than 2-foreign languages, including one from the eastern (Chinese, Farsi, Arabic).
Turkish special forces intensively cooperate with similar units of friendly countries: the United States, Pakistan, Jordan, NATO states.
The Turkish military instructors uchyat military personnel in Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan.
Over a period of important actions can be called special forces nineties of the last century. Conducted over hundreds of operations against Kurdish rebels and their bases in the south-east of Turkey and Iraq. Kurds have suffered huge losses, and special forces have a hard time. The Kurds are harsh opponents: they are well oriented in the mountains, have a skill of guerrilla warfare. But the methods used special forces: intelligence and guidance on base Kurds aviation unit ambushes, dissection of large groups of militants and destruction them individually, joint operations and units of the gendarmerie commando, the Turkish authorities have allowed to achieve maximum results in the fight against the Kurdish Workers' Party opozitsionnoy.
In 1998, Turkey accused Syria of harboring Kurdish rebels. Military conflict was brewing. Was strapped to the border more than 50 thousand fighter, including commandos. But even before the transition to the stage of the conflict the military confrontation in the area of Syria were flown by air units of Turkish special forces. They were
constantly observing the actions of the Syrian side, while riot police worked to form the Syrian army or dressed in clothes of local residents. Military superiority was clearly on the side of Turkey. Many countries (Iraq, Libya, UAE, Lebanon) expressed his own support for Syria in the conflict. Thanks to the diplomatic negotiations, which took part in the Egyptian President and the Minister of Iran, it was possible to reach agreements that satisfy both sides of the conflict.
Groups
Special Forces Turkish General Staff had a successful operation to eliminate the favorites of the Kurdish Workers' Party and the destruction of warehouses with weapons that are on the ground in Iraq.
Specifically, "maroon berets" conducted an operation to capture favorite Kurds Ocalan, who was hiding in the country of Kenya. Capture favorites Kurdish movement significantly weakened the position of the Kurdish Workers' Party.
Over time, the strategy and ways to combat special forces are changing. For example, in Afghanistan before capturing fortified carried heavy bombardment, and then planted a group of commandos. It was also used in the mining plan for trails in the vicinity of a particular militant bases. Masquerading as the Kurds, Special Forces soldiers managed to carry out exploration in the vicinity of the concrete bases and Fri opponent.
Turkish commandos reconnaissance groups have perfected the ability to ambush.
Soldiers of Turkish Special Forces which produced military operations outside Turkey.
For example, never publicized role of Turkish special forces in operations in Bosnia. Units produced capture people on the claims of the Hague Court also provided training the Army of Bosnia.
In Afghanistan, the Turkish Special Forces soldiers took part in the capture of towns and fortified facilities.
The invasion of the United States and England in 2003 in Iraq, Turkey, using sabotage and reconnaissance groups, tried to organize a fight between Kurdish organizations in order to provide a pretext for the introduction of a large group of Turkish military forces on the ground in northern Iraq. Provocation failed because of timely U.S. intervention.
Turkey, having access to some of the seas, pays great attention to training and equipping the sea
Special Forces. Problem soldiers of these units — carrying out reconnaissance and sabotage operations in coastal areas and waters of the enemy, guarding their own strategic objects from the sea. Navy Commando Brigade is composed of Marines and Navy Special Forces.
Education fighters Marine Special Forces instructors conduct the U.S. Army. Eligibility for inclusion in the study group were tough: do not be afraid of the water and explosives, not to suffer from claustrophobia, show good results in swimming and running, to possess the physical stamina sensual resistance, the ability to think calmly in unavoidable situations, possess dexterity and anger, and most importantly, to be totally committed their own country.
Soldiers of Marine special forces have abilities to work with what ever underwater equipment, methods of landing, methods of sabotage activities, the underwater mine, as they have undergone a diving mining and parachute training. Cadets perfected techniques of covert penetration of the enemy on the ground, through the creation of shelters and the use of camouflage, as the chances of survival in the most extreme conditions. Increased attention was paid to training of the water at various depths.
Frogmen Turkey obey the command of the rescue and subsea operations.
Marine commandos have two squads, each of which has its own submarine specialization: safety (frogmen defense) and assault (frogmen-saboteurs).
Istanbul is a training center, which trains combat swimmers. It produces 50 fighters once a year. The program consists of the induction course for all operations of the Navy (5 weeks) and subsequent phases:
- overall combat
training (9 weeks);
- Combat
training (8 weeks);
- ground combat action (9 weeks);
- Airborne training (3 weeks);
- study of technical equipment (2 weeks);
-
training in the structure of combat platoons (18 months);
- medical training (30 weeks);
- practice in the Turkish army combat units.
The objects of operations frogmen could be: naval bases, ports, marine mooring, surface ships, shore-based weapons, bridges, waterworks, command centers, transport hubs, communication bandwidth, warehouses, industrial buildings.
The strategy provides for preparatory acts Special Forces reconnaissance foreshore enemy, collecting disk imaging of the defense system, the definition of comfortable places for landing troops, underwater exploration area, clearance of approaches to the coastal strip, the adjustment of landing troops.
But the soldiers of marine special forces also possess the ability to act on land. These units participated in the Cyprus conflict in 1974, performing the capture and patrolling the coastline.
On their account submarine landing on the peninsula Imia during the conflict with Greece, a role in clashes with Kurdish rebels in the countryside of northern Iraq, conducting the evacuation of Turkish people from Kosovo, the capture of drug traffickers in Anatolia.
Turkish commanders well aware of the importance of reconnaissance and commando units to the successful execution of military operations both on its own and the opponent's area.
Because generously funded programs from training fighters
Special Forces, purchased the best equipment for training centers, equipped with a framework for the preparation of special forces units are equipped with special weapons and equipment of the latest models.
At the joint exercises of NATO
Turkish SWAT indicates a good training school, the ability to accomplish the combat puzzle in all criteria. NATO commanders, taking into account the professionalism of the Turkish special forces, gives it a very important role in possible military conflict.
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