Galactic Penguin SST
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More low-IQ-rate nonsense due to ignorance or racist prejudice perhapse?
Today I am willing to sacrifice some of my precious time to write the following reply, only to educate our brotherly readers from Pakistan that might otherwise be easily disinformed about China due to professional enemy agents masquerading as "Iranian" or "Japanese" members.
Below a brief overview of China's aerospace milestones over the past 2000 years. Thus demonstrating its constant leading position in the human history and dwarfing all other minor civilizations in this field.
Brief Overview Of China in Aerospace: First Manned Flying Vehicles' Milestones Over The Past 2000 Years.
Table of contents
1. Kongming Vehicle: 2nd century AD first manned flying military platform
2. Wan Hu's 1465 AD rocket-propelled manned winged flying vehicle
3. Feng Ru's 1910 AD combustion engine-propelled manned winged flying vehicle
4. Beiyang's 1914 AD combustion engine-propelled manned winged military flying vehicle
5. Mansyū's 1942 AD combustion piston engine-propelled manned winged military flying vehicle
6. China's 2017 AD solar-powered unmanned near-space flying vehicle
1. Kongming's 2nd century AD tethered manned flying vehicle
Origin
According to one explaination, the Kongming hot air vehicle was invented by Zhuge Liang(诸葛亮) another name of Kongming (孔明, 181-234) during the Three Kingdoms era.
As Zhuge Liang was besieged in Pingyang, unable to send troops out of the city for help, Kong Ming calculating the correct direction of the wind, made a flying paper lantern with a message for help, and then escaped.
https://baike.baidu.com/item/孔明灯/
Further development
According to some sources, tethered manned versions could have been used for military reconnaissance purpose (to see through the city walls of enemy fortresses).
2. Wan Hu's 1465 AD rocket-propelled manned winged flying vehicle
More likely a rocket plane based on an upscaled, manned version of the world's first military winged rocket, the Shenhuo Feiya (神火飞鸦: Divine fire flying crow) ~1403 AD, powered by 4 external solid fuel strap-on boosters, the fuselage containing explosive charge, with a powered and gliding total range of 300 meters (http://baike.baidu.com/item/神火飞鸦/79429)
▲ Wan Hu's (万虎) rocket propelled manned winged Flying Vehicle:
More likely a rocket plane based on an upscaled, manned version of the world's first military winged rocket, the Shenhuo Feiya (神火飞鸦: Divine fire flying crow) ~1403 AD, powered by 4 external solid fuel strap-on boosters, the fuselage containing explosive charge, with a powered and gliding total range of 300 meters (http://baike.baidu.com/item/神火飞鸦/79429)
Image from Age of Empire III The Asian Dynasties Video Game
▲ Wan Hu's (万虎) rocket propelled manned winged Flying Vehicle:
More likely a rocket plane based on an upscaled, manned version of the world's first military winged rocket, the Shenhuo Feiya (神火飞鸦: Divine fire flying crow) ~1403 AD, powered by 4 external solid fuel strap-on boosters, the fuselage containing explosive charge, with a powered and gliding total range of 300 meters (http://baike.baidu.com/item/神火飞鸦/79429)
Image from Age of Empire III The Asian Dynasties Video Game
3. Feng Ru's 1910 AD combustion engine-propelled manned winged flying vehicle
In the early years of combustion propelled planes, Feng Ru (冯如), was the first aviation pioneer in modern China.
The then 12-year-old from Guangdong made the voyage to the United States in San Francisco, while working to learn, and eventually become an engineer.
In 1906, 23-year-old Feng Ru was determined to construct an airplane and received encouragement and support from Dr. Sun Yatsen. He successfully built a biplane in 1910. In October of the same year, he participated in the international aircraft race in San Francisco. Feng Ru's manufactured aircraft reached a 200 meters high altitude, and a speed of nearly 100 kilometers per hour, flying around the bay, a total distance of about 30 km. Obtaining the highest score, he won the International Flight Association Certificate of Merit. Britain and the United States competed to hire him, to teach them flight technology, but Feng Ru declined all invitations, resolutely returned to the motherland to join China's aviation industry.
Feng Ru set up on January 1911 in Guangzhou, the Guangdong Aircraft Company.
However, the genius Feng Ru lost his life during a flight show in 1913, when the plane stalled and fell, at the age of 28 years.
Feng Ru scattered the seeds of aerospace industry in his motherland, inspiring more and more aerospace young people.
http://www.aircraftnurse.com/news_show?id=7410
“冯如2”号飞机主要数据：
翼展：10.93米
机长：9.45米
机高：2.30米
总重：约476公斤
速度：约105公里/小时
动力：寇蒂斯VEE-8，75马力*1
乘员：1人
4. Beiyang's 1914 AD combustion engine-propelled manned winged military flying vehicle
At the end of the Qing dynasty, two aspiring young people, Liu Zuocheng and Li Baodi, joined the Chinese Allied Association founded by Sun Yatsen during their stay in Japan. They chose to study aeronautics in order to uphold Sun Yatsen's idea of "saving the nation by air." In September 1910, the two returned to China and using the Qing government funds purchase of a French Salmson aircraft at the construction site of the Yijun Playground at Nanyuan, that comprised a simple runway, built to train flight personnel, and aircraft manufacturing and maintenance facilities.
The Nanyuan Aircraft Repair Factory (南苑飞机修理厂) was born, opening the first page of China's aviation development, the predecessor of 211 Factory.
A year later, Li Baotao (李宝焌) constructed "Aircraft One" (飞机一号) from materials purchased in Japan, and finally failed to test it because of insufficient preparation. A month later, Liu Zuocheng (刘佐成) constructed "Aircraft II" (飞机二号), but crashed due to engine failure during the test flight. Although both failed, the founder of 211 Factory - Liu Zuocheng and Li Baodi, were forever remembered as the first people in our country to build combustion engines aircrafts domestically.
In 1913, the Beiyang government appropriating the funds, formally established the first aviation school in China, based On the basis of the original Aircraft Repair Factory.
In addition of the two hangars, repair factory, it built classrooms, dormitories, medical facilities as part of the living area.
During this period, Nanyuan Aviation School (南苑航空学校), airport and repair factory were gradually on track, and China's aviation industry started to enter a new stage.
In 1914, Pan Shizhong (潘世忠), then director of the Nanyuan repair Factory, devoted himself to the research and development of various types of aircraft. All the propellers, airframes, wings, and various parts except the engine were reverse engineered successfully. Pan Shizhong is responsible for the design and manufacture of the first armed aircraft, piloted by himself in Nanyuan Airport flight with success. Except for the imported combustion engines, the other parts of the aircraft were manufactured by the factory. Since the head was equipped with a machine gun, it was called a "Gun Vehicle" (枪车) and became the first armed aircraft designed and manufactured by China.
http://www.spacechina.com/n25/n144/n206/n216/c85503/content.html
China's first combat aircraft manufactured by Capital Aeronautics Machinery Company
2016-03-07
In the history of aviation, China has always been in the forefront of the world's aircraft development.
During the early years of World War I in 1914, the first planes to be mounted with weapons, started to emerge on European battlefields as the predecessors of fighter aircrafts.
Soon, Nanyuan Aviation Repair Factory (南苑航空修理厂), the predecessor of Capital Aeronautics Machinery Company (首都航天机械公司), started to develop China's own armed aircraft.
With a machine gun mounted in the head of the aircraft, thus called Gun-vehicle-1 (枪车1号; Qiang-Che-1).
Note that like most Chinese words, western inaccurate translations are widespread, such as "Gun-bus" or "Gun-car".
Its primary mission was reconnaissance.
This successful development made China the only fourth nation in the world with military aircraft manufacturing capabilities, right after the United States, Britain and France.
http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM...e6aba7b165a84&3rd=MzA3MDU4NTYzMw==&scene=6#rd
Code:
Chinese name 南苑枪车(Nanyuan Qiang-Che)
English name Nanyuan Gun-vehicle
Type Single piston engine biplane aircraft; 80 horsepower reverse-engineered Gnome (土地神) engine
Crew 2
Size Wingspan of 10.00 meters, length of 7.13 meters , height of 2.55 meters
Takeoff mass Maximum 730 kg
Top speed 90 km/h
Performance Maximum speed of 90 km/h, 360 m ceiling
Armament 7.62 mm machine gun × 1
Induction 19145. Mansyū's 1942 AD combustion piston engine-propelled manned winged military flying vehicle
The Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company[1] (traditional:滿洲國飛行機製造株式會社; shinjitai: 満州国飛行機製造株式会社 Japanese Hepburn: Manshū Koku Hikōki Seizō Kabushiki Kaisha; Chinese pinyin: Mǎnzhōu Guó Fēixíngjī Zhìzào Zhūshì Huìshè) was an aircraft company in Manchukuo in the 1930s and 1940s, producing a variety of mostly military aircraft and aircraft components. It was named Manshū or Mansyû in short.
The Mansyū Ki-98, (also written as Manshū Ki-98),[1] was a Japanese ground-attack aircraft proposed by Mansyū (Manshūkoku Hikōki K.K. - Manchuria Airplane Manufacturing Company Ltd.) during World War II for use by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force.
In the Spring of 1944 the IJN instructed Mansyū to adapt the design as a high-altitude fighter. The major change being the engine, substituting the turbocharged Mitsubishi Ha-211 Ru for the original Mitsubishi Ha-211 III. The increased bulk of the new engine requiring the fuselage to be enlarged and the larger diameter propeller necessitated moving the booms outboard.[1]
Construction of the first prototype was delayed by bombing raids on the Harbin factory till January 1945. Components for the first prototype was still under construction and hadn't been assembled when the Soviet Union invaded Manchuria (Mǎnzhōuguó) early in August 1945; the Manchurian Imperial Army ordered all documentation and material to be destroyed to prevent capture by Soviet forces, bringing the Ki-98 project to an end.[1]
http://www.1999.co.jp/eng/image/10189549
6. China's 2017 AD solar-powered unmanned near-space flying vehicle
2017-06-13
BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) -- China's Caihong (CH), or Rainbow, solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the country's first near-space solar drone, has successfully conducted a flight at an altitude of 20 km.
The project team under China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation announced Tuesday that the CH UAV, flew smoothly in near space for over 15 hours under control, finishing its scheduled path before landing securely.
FLY HIGHP The near space region, which lies 20 to 100 km above sea level, contains thin air that reduces the performance of traditional fuel-powered aircraft engines.
However, solar drones like the CH UAV can perform well in this area and it is expected that such aircraft may be able to fly continuously for months or even longer in the future, said Li Guangjia, director of the project.
The CH UAV, with a wingspan of 45 meters equipped with solar panels, boasts a high cost efficiency as it does not require refuelling during long-term missions, said Shi Wen, chief engineer of the project.
Also, the solar-powered feature allows the UAV to generate no air pollution, making it environmentally-friendly, Shi said.
With the success of the CH UAV flight, China has become the third country to master near-space solar drone technology following the United States and the United Kingdom.
The United States has developed solar drones such as the "Helios" and the United Kingdom sent its UAV "Zephyr" to an altitude of over 15 km in 2007.
The CH UAV team said the project has overcome challenges in some key technological fields, such as aerodynamics, flight control and efficient use of energy, during its development.
It has taken over one year to solve the issue of precise control in complicated weather conditions to ensure more reliable flight.
"With the development of the CH UAV, new technologies and products such as graphene-related materials, advanced solar cells and innovative energy storage methods will also be developed and these will further promote China's aviation industry," Shi said.
GREAT EXPECTATIONS
According to the project plan, the CH UAV will perform as a "quasi-satellite" in the future, being able to supplant some functions of telecommunication satellites in providing data relay services.
It is also expected to be used as "an airborne mobile Wi-Fi hub" to provide convenient mobile telecommunication and Internet access for remote areas and islands, saving the huge construction and maintenance costs of traditional communication means.
According to Shi, the UAV will also be capable of forestry and agricultural surveying as well as early warning and real-time monitoring of disasters.
"In earthquake, flood or forest fire situations where telecommunications are cut off, such vehicles may provide services to maintain communication with the affected areas," Shi said.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-06/13/c_136363018.htm
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