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Mongol conquest of Europe;A short glimpse

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Mongol%252BEmpire.jpg

The Great Kafir Mongols.:angry:



The Mongols were ferocious people who took pleasure in loot, murder, plunder and destruction. They were barbarians and they took pleasure in burning towns and organising massacres.They were responsible for every kind of inhuman atrocity. They were the enemies of civilisation. They destroyed mosques, temples and churches. They took pleasure in burning holy books

And guess what ? The people of India were saved from these barbarians by the same "Muslim Rulers" and people of Punjab/Sindh (modern day Pakistan) that Indians here always talk about badly ...


The Mongol menace was like a dark ominous cloud on the North-West horizon of India and no one knew when it was likely to burst. The Mongols depended upon their fleet-footed cavalry. They had no problem of food supply. They could organise lightning raids with impunity.

They were generally on the offensive. From the military point of view, the lies invariably with the army which is no the offensive and hence the Mongols were gainers. From the strategic point of view also, the Sultans of Delhi were not in a happy position. The scientific frontier for the defense of India would have been the Kabul-Ghazni Qandhar line.

Such a line of defense was not possible and consequently the Mongols were able to penetrate successfully into Sindh and Upper Punjab. When the line of defense was prepared, it ran along Lahore, Dipalpur, Uch, Samana and Multan. Experience showed that the Mongols could not be held even at that line although in many cases they were stopped and repulsed .


The first Mongol invasion of India took place in the reign of lltutmish. The Mongols appeared on the banks of the river Indus in 1221 under the command of their formidable leader Changiz Khan (Genghis khan) [1162-1227]. They came to India under the following circumstances:

Jalal-ud-Din Mangbami, the last Shah of Khwarism of Khiva, sought shelter from the Mongols in the Doab between the Indus and the Jhelum. Changiz Khan came in hot pursuit of Jalal-ud-Din up to the Indus. It appeared that lltutmish was going to be in trouble. However, the latter diplomatically refused to help Jalal-ud-Din on the ground that the climate of the Punjab was not suitable for him. The result was that Changiz Khan did not pursue his enemy and retired. Thus was averted what might have been a terrible calamity for the country.

About the attitude of lltutmish towards Jalal-ud-Din, Dr. Habibullah observes: "Rules of hospitality required only one answer to the request but lltutmish was a great realist. To reverse Aibak's and his own foreign policy at this stage and to seek the displeasure of a far more terrible power by receiving the fugitive prince would have been not only unwise but almost suicidal.

Mangbami therefore was given a polite refusal and when he prepared to avenge himself by further aggressions in the Punjab, lltutmish got ready for military action. It did not, however, come to actual fighting for the prince thought it prudent to turn his attention to Qabachah.

For about 20 years the Mongols did not disturb the peace of the Sultanate. In 1241, they attacked India again under their leader named Tair who was a lieutenant of Hulaqu. The Mongols attacked Multan but did not succeed in capturing it. They moved northwards and captured Lahore in December 1241. The Government of Lahore was taken by surprise. Moreover, the garrison at Lahore was not well-equipped.


During the next 10 years. The insurgents of the Khokhars and the selfish ambitions of some Turkish nobles including the brother of Balban, named Kishlu Khan, created a chaotic condition. Most of Sind and the region between the Jhelum and the Indus passed under the hands, if not the sovereignty of the Mongols.

The menace of the Mongols became very great during the reign of Balban. Their raids became more frequent and powerful. Without making an all-out attempt at conquest, the Mongols almost annually intruded into the country for loot and plunder. Two important Mongol invasions took place in the reign of Balban in 1279 and 1285. These invasions were so formidable that they strained all the might and resources of Balban. However, the Mongols were defeated and driven away. Prince Mohamnland, the son of Balban, lost his life while fighting against the Mongols.

A reference may be made to some of the measures adopted by Balban to protect his empire against the Mongols. The Khokhars were punished and the Salt Range was subdued and pacified. A chain of fortresses with-equipped and adequately provisioned garrisons were built.

The command of the defense of the frontier was given to tried military hands like Sher Khan Sanqar, a cousin of Balban. Sher Khan did a lot in strengthening the defenses of the frontier. However, the very success of Sher Khan made Balban jealous of him and the result was that Sher Khan was poisoned.

The Mongols attacked again in the reign of Kaiqubad under their leader Tamar Khan of Ghazni. They carried rapine and plunder as far Samana. However, the defense measures adopted by Balban were still strong and the result was that the Mongols were defeated and they had to go back home after terrible losses. Malik Baqbaq played and important part in the defeat of the Mongols.

The Mongols again attacked India in the reign of Jalal-ud-Din Khajli in 1292 A.D. under the command of Abdulla, a grand son of Hulaqu. They were more than one lakh in number. They carried rapine and plunder up to Sunam.

In spite of his old age, Jalal-ud-Din went in person to oppose them and was successful in defeating them. Ulghu, a descendant of Changiz Khan and a few thousand of his Mongols followers, embraced Islam and were settled in a colony outside Delhi which came to be known as Mughalpura. The descendants of these Mongols came to be known as new Mussalmans.

Ala-ud-Din had to face more than a dozen Mongols invasions. Those invasions started from the end of 1296 A.D. and continued up to 1308 A.D. The first invasion took place in 1296 A.D. Zaffar Khan was dispatched against them and they were defeated near Jullundur and a large number of them were killed. The second invasion took place in 1297 A.D. under Kadar. The Mongols were more than one lakh in number.

They crossed the river Indus but were stopped by Ulugh Khan, the son-in-law of the Sultan and Zaffar Khan at Jullundur and driven back. In 1298 A.D. another Mongols horde under Saldi entered India through the Bolan Pass. It captured Siwistan and re-occupied the Fort of Sibi. Zaffar Khan was despatched against them and he won a decisive victory against them. The Fort of Sibi was recaptured by assault. Saldi and 17,000 Mongols were captured and sent in chains to Delhi.

In 1299 A.D., The Mongols attacked India under their leader Qutlugh Khawaja, with an army of 2 lakhs. This time they entered India with the definite object of conquering it. The invaders did not bother about the frontier garrison and marched straight to Delhi. Ala-ud-Din rose to the occasion at this "darkest hour".

He rejected the advice of the Kotwal of Delhi who suggested that the Mongols be paid and asked to go back. Zaffar Khan played an important part in beating back the Mongols. However, he himself lost his life.

In 1303 A.D., the Mongols attacked India under the leadership of Targhi. They were 100,000 strong and marched to Delhi and be seiegd it. Ala-ud-Din was away to Chittor and when he came back he had to encamp himself in the Fort of Siri. Had the siege been carried on relentlessly by the Mongols, the city of Delhi would certainly have fallen.

However the Mongols called off the siege and marched homewards. It is stated that the sudden departure of the Mogols was due to a miracle perfromed by the Sufi Saint, Nizam-ud-Din Aulia. However, this view is not accepted. The real reason was that the Mongols had to siege-guns and hense they decided to retire.

The Mongols appeared again in 1306 A.D. They crossed the Indus near Multan and proceeded towards the Himalayas. Ghazi Malik who was the Governor of the Punjab intercepted the Mongols and a large number of them were killed. 50,000 Mongols were made prisoners including their leader Kubak. They were put to death and their wives and children were sold as slaves.

The last Mongols invasion took place in 1308 A.D. under their leader, Iqbalmand. He crossed the Indus but could not make any headway. He was defeated with his followers and killed. A large number of Mongols were made prisoners and sent to Delhi where they were put to death. The Mongols did not dare to attack India after 1308.

A reference may be made to some of the measures adopted by Ala-ud-Din to tackle the Mongol problem. He got the old forts repaired New forts were constructed. A massive standing army of 4, 75,000 were raised to fight against the Mongols. Very capable and trusted officers were put in charge of the defense of the frontiers. Ghazi Malik was appointed the Warden of the Western Marches in 1305 A.D. New workshops to manufacture improved types of weapons were set up. Armies were stationed at Dipalpur, Samana and Multan. The Mongols who had embraced Islam and settled in India were massacred.

Even their wives and children were brutally murdered. Barani, the historian of this period, tell us that the Mongols were crushingly defeated. Every year thousands of them were trampled by the elephants and their blood and bones were used as mortar for building the new capital of Ala-ud-Din at Siri.

These barbaric punishments so demoralised the Mongols that "all fancy of coming to Hindustan was washed off their breasts." As a matter of fact, the new frontier army under Ghazi Malik took the offensive and paid the Mongols in their own coin. The Delhi army carried fire and sword to the Mongol territories. According to one authority, the Delhi army even captured Ghazni.

khilji-dynasty-map.jpg

@jaibi brother as it is your area of interest , I would like you to further elaborate the role of "Muslim Rulers" and the "ancestors of present day Pakistanis" in protecting the Indians from suffering in the hands of most barbaric nation (i.e Mongols) of history ....
 
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The Mongols were ferocious people who took pleasure in loot, murder, plunder and destruction. They were barbarians and they took pleasure in burning towns and organising massacres.They were responsible for every kind of inhuman atrocity. They were the enemies of civilisation. They destroyed mosques, temples and churches. They took pleasure in burning holy books

And guess what ? The people of India were saved from these barbarians by the same "Muslim Rulers" and people of Punjab/Sindh (modern day Pakistan) that Indians here always talk about badly ...


The Mongol menace was like a dark ominous cloud on the North-West horizon of India and no one knew when it was likely to burst. The Mongols depended upon their fleet-footed cavalry. They had no problem of food supply. They could organise lightning raids with impunity.

They were generally on the offensive. From the military point of view, the lies invariably with the army which is no the offensive and hence the Mongols were gainers. From the strategic point of view also, the Sultans of Delhi were not in a happy position. The scientific frontier for the defense of India would have been the Kabul-Ghazni Qandhar line.

Such a line of defense was not possible and consequently the Mongols were able to penetrate successfully into Sindh and Upper Punjab. When the line of defense was prepared, it ran along Lahore, Dipalpur, Uch, Samana and Multan. Experience showed that the Mongols could not be held even at that line although in many cases they were stopped and repulsed .


The first Mongol invasion of India took place in the reign of lltutmish. The Mongols appeared on the banks of the river Indus in 1221 under the command of their formidable leader Changiz Khan (Genghis khan) [1162-1227]. They came to India under the following circumstances:

Jalal-ud-Din Mangbami, the last Shah of Khwarism of Khiva, sought shelter from the Mongols in the Doab between the Indus and the Jhelum. Changiz Khan came in hot pursuit of Jalal-ud-Din up to the Indus. It appeared that lltutmish was going to be in trouble. However, the latter diplomatically refused to help Jalal-ud-Din on the ground that the climate of the Punjab was not suitable for him. The result was that Changiz Khan did not pursue his enemy and retired. Thus was averted what might have been a terrible calamity for the country.

About the attitude of lltutmish towards Jalal-ud-Din, Dr. Habibullah observes: "Rules of hospitality required only one answer to the request but lltutmish was a great realist. To reverse Aibak's and his own foreign policy at this stage and to seek the displeasure of a far more terrible power by receiving the fugitive prince would have been not only unwise but almost suicidal.

Mangbami therefore was given a polite refusal and when he prepared to avenge himself by further aggressions in the Punjab, lltutmish got ready for military action. It did not, however, come to actual fighting for the prince thought it prudent to turn his attention to Qabachah.

For about 20 years the Mongols did not disturb the peace of the Sultanate. In 1241, they attacked India again under their leader named Tair who was a lieutenant of Hulaqu. The Mongols attacked Multan but did not succeed in capturing it. They moved northwards and captured Lahore in December 1241. The Government of Lahore was taken by surprise. Moreover, the garrison at Lahore was not well-equipped.


During the next 10 years. The insurgents of the Khokhars and the selfish ambitions of some Turkish nobles including the brother of Balban, named Kishlu Khan, created a chaotic condition. Most of Sind and the region between the Jhelum and the Indus passed under the hands, if not the sovereignty of the Mongols.

The menace of the Mongols became very great during the reign of Balban. Their raids became more frequent and powerful. Without making an all-out attempt at conquest, the Mongols almost annually intruded into the country for loot and plunder. Two important Mongol invasions took place in the reign of Balban in 1279 and 1285. These invasions were so formidable that they strained all the might and resources of Balban. However, the Mongols were defeated and driven away. Prince Mohamnland, the son of Balban, lost his life while fighting against the Mongols.

A reference may be made to some of the measures adopted by Balban to protect his empire against the Mongols. The Khokhars were punished and the Salt Range was subdued and pacified. A chain of fortresses with-equipped and adequately provisioned garrisons were built.

The command of the defense of the frontier was given to tried military hands like Sher Khan Sanqar, a cousin of Balban. Sher Khan did a lot in strengthening the defenses of the frontier. However, the very success of Sher Khan made Balban jealous of him and the result was that Sher Khan was poisoned.

The Mongols attacked again in the reign of Kaiqubad under their leader Tamar Khan of Ghazni. They carried rapine and plunder as far Samana. However, the defense measures adopted by Balban were still strong and the result was that the Mongols were defeated and they had to go back home after terrible losses. Malik Baqbaq played and important part in the defeat of the Mongols.

The Mongols again attacked India in the reign of Jalal-ud-Din Khajli in 1292 A.D. under the command of Abdulla, a grand son of Hulaqu. They were more than one lakh in number. They carried rapine and plunder up to Sunam.

In spite of his old age, Jalal-ud-Din went in person to oppose them and was successful in defeating them. Ulghu, a descendant of Changiz Khan and a few thousand of his Mongols followers, embraced Islam and were settled in a colony outside Delhi which came to be known as Mughalpura. The descendants of these Mongols came to be known as new Mussalmans.

Ala-ud-Din had to face more than a dozen Mongols invasions. Those invasions started from the end of 1296 A.D. and continued up to 1308 A.D. The first invasion took place in 1296 A.D. Zaffar Khan was dispatched against them and they were defeated near Jullundur and a large number of them were killed. The second invasion took place in 1297 A.D. under Kadar. The Mongols were more than one lakh in number.

They crossed the river Indus but were stopped by Ulugh Khan, the son-in-law of the Sultan and Zaffar Khan at Jullundur and driven back. In 1298 A.D. another Mongols horde under Saldi entered India through the Bolan Pass. It captured Siwistan and re-occupied the Fort of Sibi. Zaffar Khan was despatched against them and he won a decisive victory against them. The Fort of Sibi was recaptured by assault. Saldi and 17,000 Mongols were captured and sent in chains to Delhi.

In 1299 A.D., The Mongols attacked India under their leader Qutlugh Khawaja, with an army of 2 lakhs. This time they entered India with the definite object of conquering it. The invaders did not bother about the frontier garrison and marched straight to Delhi. Ala-ud-Din rose to the occasion at this "darkest hour".

He rejected the advice of the Kotwal of Delhi who suggested that the Mongols be paid and asked to go back. Zaffar Khan played an important part in beating back the Mongols. However, he himself lost his life.

In 1303 A.D., the Mongols attacked India under the leadership of Targhi. They were 100,000 strong and marched to Delhi and be seiegd it. Ala-ud-Din was away to Chittor and when he came back he had to encamp himself in the Fort of Siri. Had the siege been carried on relentlessly by the Mongols, the city of Delhi would certainly have fallen.

However the Mongols called off the siege and marched homewards. It is stated that the sudden departure of the Mogols was due to a miracle perfromed by the Sufi Saint, Nizam-ud-Din Aulia. However, this view is not accepted. The real reason was that the Mongols had to siege-guns and hense they decided to retire.

The Mongols appeared again in 1306 A.D. They crossed the Indus near Multan and proceeded towards the Himalayas. Ghazi Malik who was the Governor of the Punjab intercepted the Mongols and a large number of them were killed. 50,000 Mongols were made prisoners including their leader Kubak. They were put to death and their wives and children were sold as slaves.

The last Mongols invasion took place in 1308 A.D. under their leader, Iqbalmand. He crossed the Indus but could not make any headway. He was defeated with his followers and killed. A large number of Mongols were made prisoners and sent to Delhi where they were put to death. The Mongols did not dare to attack India after 1308.

A reference may be made to some of the measures adopted by Ala-ud-Din to tackle the Mongol problem. He got the old forts repaired New forts were constructed. A massive standing army of 4, 75,000 were raised to fight against the Mongols. Very capable and trusted officers were put in charge of the defense of the frontiers. Ghazi Malik was appointed the Warden of the Western Marches in 1305 A.D. New workshops to manufacture improved types of weapons were set up. Armies were stationed at Dipalpur, Samana and Multan. The Mongols who had embraced Islam and settled in India were massacred.

Even their wives and children were brutally murdered. Barani, the historian of this period, tell us that the Mongols were crushingly defeated. Every year thousands of them were trampled by the elephants and their blood and bones were used as mortar for building the new capital of Ala-ud-Din at Siri.

These barbaric punishments so demoralised the Mongols that "all fancy of coming to Hindustan was washed off their breasts." As a matter of fact, the new frontier army under Ghazi Malik took the offensive and paid the Mongols in their own coin. The Delhi army carried fire and sword to the Mongol territories. According to one authority, the Delhi army even captured Ghazni.


Wow, thanks for this. This just goes to prove that the Gallant Muslims of North Western Subcontinent (modern day Pakistan) stopped the Mongol horde dead in its tracks and saved the millions of hindus of india from being slaughtered like sheep as the Chinese, Arabs, Turks, Iranians, and many others had been at the hands of the mongols.
 
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Another interesting tale of a Gallant Muslim stand against the Mongol horde bent on invading the Subcontinent where they would have slaughtered millions of hindus:

(excerpt from A MILITARY HISTORY FROM ALEXANDER THE "GREAT" TO THE FALL OF THE TALI BAN by Stephen Tanner)

With Iran being ravaged by Mongol columns as far as the Caucasus,the only place of refuge for Turks and Persians willing to fight on was south of the Hindu Kush, and Genghis Khan had stretched a full tumen between the Amu Darya and Khorasan to prevent such af low. After escaping from Gurganj, Jalal al-Din had been chased by Mongol scouting parties. At one point, he and three hundred accompanying cavalry had burst through a Mongol cordon of seven hundred men. During this stage his brothers, including the crown prince of Khwarezm, had headed in a different direction and been caught and killed.

The Mongols lost Jalal al-Din's trail near Farah in western Afghanistan. The prince made his way to Ghazni, where he assembled and garrison Turkish forces, including a strong contingent under Temir Malek, one of the few Khwarezm generals who had fought well against the Mongols. In addition, the call went out to the Pashtun hill tribes, who descended from the mountains in strength.These descendants of the Scythians, Kushans, White Huns, Khalaj Turks, and perhaps even Greeks, gathered, ready for war, making Jalaal-Din's army sixty thousand strong. At this point Genghis Khan summoned Jagatai and Ogadei to join him, and the main army reassembled near Kunduz. Genghis planned to march through the passes to Bamian while he directed another general, Shigi Kutaku, with three tumens, to advance due south. This general, a Tartar, had been adopted by Genghis when young and had been married to one of his daughters.

In the spring of 1221, Jalal al-Din's advancing army encountered a forward patrol of Kutaku's at a village called Valian along the Ghori River. The Mongol patrol was destroyed with only a few survivors. Jalal al-Din moved to Parwan, some fifty miles north of today's Kabul,where he awaited the inevitable battle. Kutaku, possibly without orders, followed up the destruction of his probe with his full thirty thousand man Mongol army.

At Parwan the two sides met in a rock-strewn, sharply cut valley. It was poor ground for cavalry, so the mobility of both sides was negated. Jalal al-Din took the tactical initiative by ordering his right wing of Turks under Temir Malek to dismount. An archer on foot can put more strength and accuracy behind his shots. At the same time, the Mongols's usual tricks of feigned retreat and ambush, and their standard practice of encirclement, could not be employed. But they were good enough to hold their own through the first day, even as the native pashtuns must have sensed their enemy's vulnerability and clambered among the heights in order to shoot down at the invader, gravity assisting their shots with both velocity and range.

The next morning, Jalal al-Din's army looked across the valley at a Mongol army that seemed greatly reinforced. But Kutaku had only tried a ruse, creating dummies of straw packed in clothes atop extra horses.Jalal al-Din calmed the unease of his commanders and remained eager to resume the fight. This time he dismounted his entire front line.

A Mongol attack on the Pashtun left wing wilted under a barrage of arrows, the men retreating in disorder. The Mongol general then ordered an attack along the entire front. The dismounted defenders were easy prey if the Mongol horsemen could close; but the attackers were hard pressed to penetrate the wall of arrows and were forced by the terrain to wade into it head-on. Gradually the famous Mongol discipline began to come apart. They began to fall back and Jalal al-Din saw his chance. He quickly brought up his army's horses and his men remounted. Then he ordered a counterattack. The Mongols were surprised and began to retreat headlong from the valley. Jalal al-Din's men overtook the fleeing horde and Kutaku lost over half his army. One can picture the most casualties in defiles where the panicked Mongols became jammed, falling victim en masse to the pursuing Turkic and Pashtun tribesmen.

Parwan was not just the only Mongol defeat in the war against Khwarezm, it was the only defeat the Mongols would suffer in any battle outside East Asia for another eighty years. But it may have been a Pyrrhic victory for Afghanistan, because it was unclear whether the Mongols had had any designs south of the Hindu Kush prior to Jalalal-Din's assembling his army of resistance at Ghazni. Now Genghis Khan himself was on the way through the passes with an army of seventy thousand.

In keeping with past and future Afghan practices, Jalal al-Din's army began to fall apart in discord immediately after its victory. The Turks became disenchanted in a dispute over the spoils (which must have consisted mainly of horses and weapons), while the Pashtun tribesmen—delighted with the victory but eager to avoid its consequences—drifted back to their mountains. Left with twenty thousand men, Jalal al-Din passed through the Suleiman Range into today's Pakistan, heading for the Indus River.

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When John of Piano Carpini interviewed Mongols nineteen years after Genghis Khan's death, he heard many fantastic stories about the campaign,among which one rings true of Afghanistan. According to what he heard, the Mongols, starting from the Caspian mountains, traveled for more than a month through a wasteland to a deserted country where they found a man and his wife whom they led to Genghis Khan: "And when he had asked them where the people of that country were, they replied that they lived underground beneath mountains." Genghis told the man and wife to order the people to appear and they seemed to agree. But then, according to the Mongols, "these men gathered by ways hidden beneath the earth and came against the Tartars to do battle and sprang suddenly upon them and killed many."

What the monk heard from Mongol veterans is strikingly similar to the stories Soviet soldiers told following their war in Afghanistan in the 1980s. The qanat irrigation system, with its thousands of holes and tunnels adjacent to communities, provided excellent hiding places for defenders (in addition to the caves naturally carved in the mountains).

It is interesting that Genghis Khan's baggage train, left behind north of the Hindu Kush when he began his pursuit of Jalal al-Din,was repeatedly raided and plundered in his absence. The sedentary communities of Afghanistan had fallen but the nomadic Pashtun hill tribes remained free, and were still dangerous.
 
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Mongol%252BEmpire.jpg

The Great Kafir Mongols.:angry:

The first mongol defeat was at the hands of Muslims. And if it wasn't for the Muslims of Afghanistan and North Western Subcontinent (modern day Pakistan), the millions of hindus of india would have easily submitted to the Mongol invaders just as they did to every previous and subsequent invader. The mongols would have made easy work of the hindus and slaughtered them en mass.
 
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Russian has long lived near the steppe, where constantly coming conquerors and robbers - the Khazars, Huns, Cumans, Pechenegs and God knows who else, whose names were forgotten.
So Russia was a huge battle experience with steppe nomads.
Feudal fragmentation - the main factor that led to the defeat of Russia.

However none of these were as organized as the mongols .Huns were before the time of 'rus'.And these same fuedal confederations had beaten back the pechenegs and cumans.But with the mongols it was different.
We see same pattern in china,beating back nomadic steppe tribes like huns,etc but they too fell to the mongols.And china was possibly the most richest/advanced/powerful nation on earth at that time.
 
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Before their conversion , they had done the damage !!!

I know but he was trying to troll lol.

Also why didn't Mongols invade Western Europe after those initial victories? The answer is simple, Hulagu Khan's army was defeated at the Battle of Ain Jalut by the Mamluks and the Mamluk sultan convinced Hulagus cousin to declare war on Hulagu for sacking Baghdad and killing the Caliph. Hulagu's cousin Berke was the leader of the Golden horde in Russia and the mongols used to always invade Europe by using Russia as a spring board. Berke converted to Islam and was enraged by Hulagu's actions in Baghdad and a war erupted between the Khanates. No mongol army would march westward again as the civil war kept everybody in the East.

Battle of Ain Jalut - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Berke–Hulagu war - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 
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The first mongol defeat was at the hands of Muslims. And if it wasn't for the Muslims of Afghanistan and North Western Subcontinent (modern day Pakistan), the millions of hindus of india would have easily submitted to the Mongol invaders just as they did to every previous and subsequent invader. The mongols would have made easy work of the hindus and slaughtered them en mass.

.Afghnaistan was overrun by genghis's hordes.It was sultanate turks not indic muslims from modern day pakistan that saved the subcontinent.Balban had already purged all non-turks regardless of religion from the administration.And they did it to save themselves,not out of grand generosity.And even if they ahd failed,india would still recover.just like it has with so many invasions.
The earlier hepthalite/white hun invasions under toramon and mihirkula were not childish affairs.Millions died and thousands of learning places and buddhist monasteries wiped out.
 
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Of course, my bad. I quoted the wrong person.

Well I agreed with your assessment anyway. :D

.Afghnaistan was overrun by genghis's hordes.It was sultanate turks not indic muslims from modern day pakistan that saved the subcontinent.Balban had already purged all non-turks regardless of religion from the administration.And they did it to save themselves,not out of grand generosity.And even if they ahd failed,india would still recover.just like it has with so many invasions.
The earlier hepthalite/white hun invasions under toramon and mihirkula were not childish affairs.Millions died and thousands of learning places and buddhist monasteries wiped out.

The mongols were the worst of invaders because they didn't just destroy everything but also obliterated entire populations on a whim, India never faced an invader like the Mongols. The Turks armies were made up of Muslims, the administration may have been all Turk but you cannot say all their soldiers were Turks as well.
 
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.Afghnaistan was overrun by genghis's hordes.It was sultanate turks not indic muslims from modern day pakistan that saved the subcontinent.Balban had already purged all non-turks regardless of religion from the administration.And they did it to save themselves,not out of grand generosity.And even if they ahd failed,india would still recover.just like it has with so many invasions.
The earlier hepthalite/white hun invasions under toramon and mihirkula were not childish affairs.Millions died and thousands of learning places and buddhist monasteries wiped out.

No, the Mongols faced some serious resistance in Afghanistan as any invader did before and after them.

See post: Mongol conquest of Europe;A short glimpse | Page 2

And this post with regards to Muslims of NW Subcontinent:

Mongol conquest of Europe;A short glimpse | Page 2

Well I agreed with your assessment anyway. :D
There, fixed it. :)
 
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Well I agreed with your assessment anyway. :D



The mongols were the worst of invaders because they didn't just destroy everything but also obliterated entire populations on a whim, India never faced an invader like the Mongols. The Turks armies were made up of Muslims, the administration may have been all Turk but you cannot say all their soldiers were Turks as well.

Agree for the most part,but timur,mihirkula and ghazni are not behind in barbarism.

No, the Mongols faced some serious resistance in Afghanistan as any invader did before and after them.

See post: Mongol conquest of Europe;A short glimpse | Page 2

And this post with regards to Muslims of NW Subcontinent:

Mongol conquest of Europe;A short glimpse | Page 2


There, fixed it. :)

Resistance doesn't mean success.
 
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