Interesting discussion, let compare the Capabilities of F-35 and SU-35 and then further on with legacy aircrafts (F-16, F-15, Mig-35 etc) as well as Rafale and see where the dog fight stands in middle east.
Starting with F-35 and SU-35.
The stealth Factor
F-35 is a stealth aircraft while SU-35 is not, although its RCS has been reduced considerably yet not as small as F-35, which straightaway gives edge to F-35 in detecting SU-35 before the SU-35 can detect F-35, although due to steps taken in reducing RCS of SU-35, it might get detected at a later stage than earlier calculated.
The basic stealth give-away for SU-35 is firstly its design, which is aerodynamic but not stealthy. Its engine nozzles are not as well protected to contain exhausts, and there are two of them, not even one like F-35. This gives an edge to F-35 RCS again, since the heat signature for SU-35 will be greater than F-35 during WVR combat when IR missiles come into play.
The missiles for SU-35 will be carried externally which gives no advantage in reducing RCS, where as missiles of F-35 will be carried internally, which gives an RCS advantage to F-35.
Role Playing
Lets have a look at the roles of both aircrafts. F-35 was designed as multirole fighter, not as an air superiority fighter, yet it will be tasked to carry out the role of air to air combat. SU-35 on the other hand was designed from SU-27, an air superiority fighter, which further incarnated into SU-30 Strike fighter, attaining multirole capability.
The role of F-35I could be strike missions using its stealth capability to enter EAF air space, wile SU-35's main role would probably be air dominance, while the likes of Rafale, F-16's and Mirage-2000 would fulfill the strike role. This is not necessarily true in every case since both aircrafts carry all type of weaponry. However in a scenario where IAF F-35I are encountered, EAF could launch SU-35's in response and a dog fight may ensue. IAF field a dedicated air superiority fighter, the famous F-15 in all versions, A/B/C and D, there is also E version (F-15I) used for strike role. It could be expected that F-35I will be escorted by F-15's while SU-35 will be complimented by Rafale. To maintain its stealthy profile, F-35 could also work best alone. On the other hand, IAF could use F-16 and F-15 to create a diversion and allow F-35 to strike from a different vector from a less defended air space and location.
Payload - Carrying the bite
F-35 carries Aim-120 and Aim-9x, apart from other AAM's. Two of each or a any other configuration. The best bet could be however to carry 4 long range AAM's and avoid to get close to SU-35 for WVR fights. Any load carried externally will enhance its RCS, giving away its stealthy profile by some margin. It can also carry different bombs in internal payload configuration which makes it a excellent strike fighter to penetrate enemy air defense, although it could give away its location if it starts to jam enemy radars and communications. Its external payload allows it to carry from missiles for different mission profiles.
SU-35 on the other hand has 12 (or 14) hard points for a variety of AAM's to be carried: all ranges. A variant of R-73 (R-73 MII or R-74) is almost similar to Aim-9X. The Longest range missile is R-37 which is aimed at destroying slow moving aircrafts (AWACS/Refueler etc) operating deep down inside enemy air space, up to 350+ km. The R-27 and R-77 are medium to long range, depending upon their variants (including RVV-AE). For strike role, its capable to carry different types of missiles and bombs. The purpose of this post is Air to air combat between SU-35 and F-35 so i won't go into details of strike payload.
While SU-35 may get a buddy refueling pod since SU-30 is buddy refuel capable, its not clear if F-35 will get buddy refuel capability.
Electronics/Sensors - Smelling the coffee
The avionics and sensors of F-35I can be debated since Israel is intent on using own electronic systems, but lets go with current ones. F-35 houses APG-81 AESA Radar, with E/O sensor (EOTS) on nose, used as a targeting system. The radar can track 23 targets and engage 19 of them. It can detect SU-35 at more than 150 km away. For RWR, self defense counter measures, situational awareness, surveillance and IR tracking, the F-35 carries ASQ-239 EW system, which has sensors spread throughout the body up to wing tips and tail. This supplemented by AAQ-37, DAS, which gives additional 6 sensors and counter measure system for alertness and protection. The AESA radar is inter-connected with all these systems, becoming a apart of EW system of F-35. Another capability is progress is controlling UCAV's through F-35 radar and sensory systems. HMDS is connected to everything; sensors and missiles (especially Aim-9X).
SU-35 may become capable of carrying AESA Radar in future, although it currently carries IRBIS-E PESA Radar in RuAF service. The Radar can track 30 targets and attack 8 aerial targets simultaneously. It can detect F-35 around 80-90 km away. The L-175 Khibiny electronic warfare suite is employed, with new wingtip DRFM technology jamming pods. SU-35 has OLS-35 E/O device (IRST) and its capable of carrying KNIRTI SAP-14 and SAP-518 jamming pods for EW.
Air Combat- The Real Deal
There is a huge probability that F-35 will be guiding F-16's and F-15's in combat against SU-35, Mig-35, Rafale, F-16's etc. F-35 could fire off its long range AAM's to take out as many enemy fighters as it can and either turn away or stay in the arena to give back up to F-16's and F-15's through situational awareness, especially if an AWACS is not present due to the threat of being shot down by SU-35/Rafale. Unless F-35 is carrying a HOBS Aim-9x, it would be risky to get close to SU-35. F-35 will have to trade-off between stealth or range and payload. . F-35's fuel capacity is lesser than that of SU-35. In order to stay longer in the dog fight, it will need refueling or external tanks, a problem from which SU-35 is independent. SU-35 can carry, external fuel tanks while its internal fuel capacity is decent. SU-35 could have a higher climb rate than F-35 (cant find F-35 climb rate anywhere) as well as speed and agility, its ECM suite is quite good, but none of these factors guarantee that it will be evade AMRAAM or other BVR missiles fired by F-35. Rafale could compliment SU-35 in taking on F-35, although Rafale is non-stealthy too, but it houses an AESA and a good EW suite but that doesn't give edge over F-35. Through usage of lower frequency bands or when the bays of F-35 open for a missile launch, then chances to capitalize on these opportunities could help SU-35 to detect F-35 and if it could respond by firing at same time, then SU-35 could have a chance to take down F-35. Emission of low frequencies could detect F-35 since it begins to act like an antenna, re-radiating the electromagnetic field as current it induces flows from one end (or one side) to the other, due to change of wavelength. The RAM applied to attenuate higher frequency radars isn't thick enough to effectively eliminate the current flowing in the aircraft's body and airfoils at low frequencies, so it can reflect when wave length of RF signal varies from high to low. Otherwise using method of triangulation with the help of other aircrafts and radars deployed on ground could help in tracking F-35.
F-35's stealth is the major factor which could ensure it survives the onslaught of SU-35 and Rafale, where as SU-35's maneuverability and large payload, along with use of EW sensors could help it take down F-35's.
@Khafee @Tps43