I must admit I don't know enough about the so-called "Islamic Golden Age" but I sometimes wonder to what extent it can be considered "Islamic"...
what does "Islamic" mean in this case.
does it mean that they happened to be part of a civilization that happened to have a Muslim majority or
does it mean that the the religion of Islam itself is to be credited for the contributions to science and philosophy that were made during the period.
I'm more willing to believe the former.
Many of the polymaths, scientists, and thinkers from the so-called Islamic Golden Age were agnostic, and many of the ones who were Muslims would be viewed as apostates today because they believed in Sufi concepts like Kalam which the the "mainstream" muslim imams like Hanifa rejected, or they belonged to the Mutazaili school of thought which rejects the infallibility of the Quran.
Some of the names that come to mind are....Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Ibn Sina (Avicenna), al Rundi, al-Kindi, ibn Bajjah (Avemspace), al-Razi, Abu Nuwas, al-Jahiz, al-Hallaj, al-Khwarizmi, al-Farabi, Jabr Ibn Hayyan, and there are many others.
Even if they were Muslims nominally, they were not afraid of doubt and actually sought to improve on science based on the scientific method rather than the BS that Muslims today believe in like "scientific miracles of the Quran" and creationism which is spouted by the likes of non-scientists Harun Yahya and Zakir Naik in order to prove that Islam is the true religion.
or worse when illiterate people in Muslim countries call it a miracle when they find an animal saying "allah" or find "allah" written on a goat or inside an apple and call it holy.
watch this after 4:20
In any case, the Islamic Golden Age is a thing of the past, and the reason why it succeeded was because during this time Muslims were considered progressive compared to the rest of the world, whereas today many Muslims are brainwashed into believing that a backwards, barbaric, 1000 year old political and legal system will bring them glory.
The only way Muslims can unite today is if they embrace secularism...otherwise the "Muslim world" is doomed to many more centuries of sectarian violence.