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Amid the eurozone panic, a greater threat is lurking
If you followed the old stock market adage this year, and sold in May and went away, you probably feel rather relieved.
May was an awful month for stock markets, and most other ‘risk-on’ assets. Crude oil saw its worst monthly drop since 2008. The FTSE 100 fell by nearly 8%.
The main reason for the big drop this month is pretty clear – the eurozone crisis has managed to snowball yet again.
The bad news is that this time round, any sort of temporary eurozone resolution will be overshadowed by another looming nasty – China’s slowing economy…
China is going to disappoint the bulls
Growth in China’s manufacturing sector is slowing rapidly, according to official data. In May, the purchasing managers’ index hit a five-month low, worse than analysts had expected. A separate survey sponsored by HSBC – which pays more attention to smaller companies than the official measure - suggests it is already shrinking.
The response from the China bulls is that China will launch another stimulus of some sort to save its economy. The idea is that China’s leaders have so much power at their fingertips, that they can effectively make the economy do whatever they want it to.
Here’s a quote from Zhang Liqun, an economist with a Chinese government think tank. “Pre-emptive, targeted fine-tuning of macroeconomic policy has already started, especially with a series of measures to stabilise investment. As that impact is felt, the economy will stabilise,” he tells the FT.
As we’ve noted before, this is just the same sort of reassuring waffle that we heard before the subprime crash. It’s not a million miles away from the sort of statements about Greece that we got used to seeing from eurozone officials in recent years either.
Why are intelligent investors willing to believe that China’s officials can succeed where others have failed?
Investment stories die hard
As with most things, it’s all about the money. Fund managers have stories to sell. ‘You should buy stocks. You should buy my fund.’ It’s hard to make a pitch for stocks if there isn’t a cheerful story around to back up your bullish argument. So you’ve got to find one.
“Yes, Europe is self-destructing. Yes, US growth is fragile, and stocks aren’t massively cheap. But don’t worry, because we’ve got China and Asia and all the other emerging markets. Their consumers will pick up the slack from the rest of the world. Western companies will have vast new markets to profit from. So all will be well.”
It’s a compelling story. But it’s just not that simple. As Matthew O’Brien points out in The Atlantic, government officials have admitted that banks might miss their lending target for 2012. How can this be? After all, “China still has a state capitalist model. The government sets targets for loans, and the banks have – until now – hit them.”
The problem is “a simple lack of demand.” This in turn, is a side-effect of falling house prices. As O’Brien puts it, “popping a housing bubble – which is what China is trying to do – is usually an economic death sentence.” The problem is that when prices fall, borrowers end up ‘underwater’ (in other words, the collateral is no longer worth as much as the loan secured against it).
“Underwater borrowers don’t want to borrow more until their balance sheets are right-side up, even at zero rates. That’s what happened to Japan in the 1990s. It’s what happened to [the US] in 2008.”
Amid the eurozone panic, a greater threat is lurking - MoneyWeek