In China steel naval construction and naval engines is cheap. The limitation on carrier size and number will be the air wing, as aircraft manufacturing in China is more limited, doesn't have enough civilian market and is split between the PLAAF and PLAN.
I can envision a few more 003s and 004s leveraging best practices from civilian shipping and other ships that doesn't require any technological leaps: about 100k tons, fossil or fossil + small reactor steam power, IEP transmission, laser CIWS. Armament focused on jet fighters (J-15s for strike, J-35s for air superiority) with and AWACs for long range radar warning.
Then you can have maybe 1.5x - 2x that number in 076s, focused on drone warfare: well deck for launching UUVs and/or USVs with active sonar, ASM and torpedos, single EMALS catapult for propeller drones for maritime patrol and light strike, and a bunch of ASW helicopters.