China Economy Forum

[cirr]

back Yuan data， 2011 China GDp 47.16trillion Yuan, 2012 China GDP 51.93 trillion Yuan
GDP by provinces, 1 $=6.2 Yuan now
1, Guangdong 5.706792 trillion yuan
2, Jiangsu 5.405822 trillion yuan
3, Shandong 5.001324 trillion yuan
4 3.46063 trillion yuan, Zhejiang
5, Taiwan NT $ 14,035,036,000,000, equivalent to 2.9951 trillion yuan
6, Henan 2.981014 trillion yuan
7, Hebei 2.657501 trillion yuan
8, Liaoning 2.48013 trillion yuan
9, Sichuan 2.38498 trillion yuan
10 Hubei 2.225016 trillion yuan
11, Hunan 2.215423 trillion yuan
12, 2.010133 trillion yuan in Shanghai
13, Fujian 1.970178 trillion yuan
14, 1.780102 trillion yuan
15, Anhui 1.721205 trillion yuan
16 Hong Kong of 2.0401 trillion Hong Kong dollars, equivalent to 1.6598 trillion yuan
17, Inner Mongolia 1.598834 trillion yuan
18, Shaanxi 1.445118 trillion yuan
19, Heilongjiang 1.369157 trillion yuan
20, Guangxi 1.303104 trillion yuan
21, Jiangxi 1.294848 trillion yuan
22, Tianjin 1.288518 trillion yuan
23, Shanxi 1.211281 trillion yuan
24, Jilin 1.193782 trillion yuan
25, Chongqing 1.1459 trillion yuan
26, Yunnan 1.03098 trillion yuan
27, Xinjiang 746.632 billion yuan
28, Guizhou 680.22 billion yuan
29, Gansu 565.02 billion yuan
30, Hainan 285.526 billion yuan
31 Macau $ 348.2 billion, equivalent to 275.3 billion yuan
32, Ningxia 232.664 billion yuan
33, Qinghai 188.454 billion yuan
34 Tibet 69.558 billion yuan

Guangdong will become the 1st trillion dollar provincial economy this year。

And in 2015 there will be 3 provinces with economic output higher than 1 trillion dollars。

By the time Zhejiang turns into a trillion dollar economy，China will be larger than the US in annual GDP。

 

[Martian2]

China just surpassed the US in semiconductor manufacturing

"China just surpassed the US in semiconductor manufacturing—and the trend is likely to accelerate
By Christopher Mims — 7 hours ago

Making microchips is hard—and China is getting better at it every day. AP/Paul Sakuma

Amount of materials used to produce semiconductors, by region. Quartz/SEMI

For the first time since the depths of the Great Recession, the the total value of materials consumed by all the world’s makers of microchips was down—2%, to $47.11 billion. But that’s just one of the stories told by data from the annual tabulation of the total value of materials consumed by all the world’s makers of microchips, compiled by industry association SEMI.

Assembling data from SEMI’s last four annual reports—which together cover the past 5 years, a number of trends are apparent.

China is now a bigger consumer of the raw materials used for making microchips than North America is.

This is a huge change from 2008, when China consumed only $3.57 billion of silicon ingots and the other materials used for semiconductor manufacture, compared to $4.99 billion consumed by North America. This means that the number and productivity of plants for making microchips—which are high-investment, high-tech, finished product type manufacturing operations requiring a high level of expertise—are expanding in China even as they decline in North America. Compared to 2008, consumption of semiconductor materials in North America is down $250 million to $4.74 billion, while in China consumption has shot up 42% to $5.07 billion.

The decline of the PC is probably to blame for the overall drop in consumption of microchip materials in 2012.

In 2012, manufacturers shipped record numbers of mobile devices. Demand for set-top boxes and embedded systems (e.g. industrial control systems and the computers that go into cars) remained soft on account of a troubled global economy, but to see a drop in semiconductors shipped in the absence of an outright recession suggests that what’s really going on here is the decline of the PC—and the expensive, materials-hungry processors and memory it incorporates.

Production of microchips in Japan is declining rapidly.

What a difference five years makes. Japan, in 2008 the world’s most rapacious consumer of semiconductor materials, has seen production crash, especially in the 2011-2012 period—down 8% to $8.35 billion. Compare that with nearly $10 billion in 2008.

The harder it is to make microchips, the more consolidation there is in the hands of fewer manufacturers.

From 2011 to 2012, consumption of microchip precursor materials was flat or down in every region except for China and Taiwan. Taiwan has come to dominate this industry, with contract manufacturers like Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company churning out chips for countless chip design companies that do not own their own manufacturing facilities—including mobile and telecommunications giants like Qualcomm and now, Apple.

What’s going on here is that, as we approach the end of Moore’s Law—which says, essentially, that we can expect microchips to improve at a rapid clip on a predictable timetable—we are reaching the physical limits of current manufacturing. That means factories are more expensive than ever, with price tags into the billions for a single facility. If a manufacturer wants the latest and fastest chip technology, there are only a few companies that can play at that level, and you can count them on one hand: TSMC in Taiwan, Intel and Global Foundries in North America, and Samsung in South Korea.

Consumption of microchips in China is exploding—and more and more of them are being sourced locally.

In 2012, China consumed 33% of the world’s integrated circuits (i.e. microchips) while the US consumed only 13.5%. Much of that, of course, is incorporated into products that will ultimately be exported—like iPhones. China’s share of world microchip consumption came to $137.5 billion in 2012, according to SEMI China. Meanwhile, the total value of microchips produced in China was only $28.5 billion. Closing that gap are companies like Semiconductor Manufacturing International (SMIC), Shanghai Huali Microelectronics (HLMC), Shanghai HuaHong NEC Electronics Company (HHNEC), Grace Semiconductor Manufacturing and Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing (ASMC).

In the long run, the general emphasis on electronics manufacturing in China, along with this gap between production and demand, indicates that China is, as usual, the sleeping giant in this field. While mainland China’s production of microchips lags behind most other regions, in 2012 it saw the biggest percentage growth in consumption of microchip materials and matched the absolute value of growth in Taiwan, the only other region that saw growth last year.

Here’s the thing about microchips: China’s government views them, rightly, as an important strategic asset. It’s a stretch to compare them to, say, oil, but they are clearly very important in our increasingly connected world. It’s hard to imagine a future in which they are any less important an economic enabler than they are now. So the overall trend in where they are manufactured has implications for everything from national defense to overall competitiveness in high tech."

 

[Martian2]

China's AMEC Dry Etch Technology qualified for 20nm Flash applications (ie. memory devices)

AMEC Stakes Out Position In Dry Etch Technology For Memory Devices - MarketWatch

"AMEC Stakes Out Position In Dry Etch Technology For Memory Devices
April 10, 2013, 11:00 a.m. EDT

Company's New Single-Station Chamber Advanced Dielectric Etcher Qualified by Leading Korean Customer for Critical Flash Applications at 20nm and Below

SHANGHAI and SEOUL, South Korea, April 10, 2013 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ -- Advanced Micro-Fabrication Equipment Inc. (AMEC) said today that it has developed a Single-Station Chamber Advanced Dielectric Etcher (Primo SSC AD-RIE(TM)) capable of processing the most rigorous semiconductor applications. In less than 12 months, the Primo SSC AD-RIE system was qualified by a leading Korean semiconductor manufacturer for critical Flash applications at 20nm and below. The customer has since placed an order for the tool and is now qualifying it for 15nm applications. The new etcher embodies the innovations contained in AMEC's dual-station chamber Primo D-RIE etch platform which is already well entrenched in leading memory and logic fabs across Asia.

The technology achievement marks an inflection point for AMEC -- China's largest provider of capital equipment for global manufacturers of semiconductors and LEDs. With operations and R&D centered in Shanghai, and global sales and marketing in Singapore, the company is led by a team of semiconductor equipment experts from Silicon Valley and Asia. Today's milestone validates AMEC's capability to provide highly competitive tools and technology solutions for customers' most advanced device requirements. More importantly, it places the company in an elite group of Etch leaders comprised of a handful of US and Japanese players.

Beyond Korea, companies in Taiwan, Japan and other regions are expressing interest in the Primo SSC AD-RIE etcher. This is not unexpected. The extreme challenges of dry etching at 20nm and below has virtually excluded small etch players from the vendor pool, allowing just a few leaders to dominate. The Primo SSC AD-RIE changes that dynamic and offers the industry an alternative new choice. AMEC is now preparing to engage in wafer demonstration runs. The company is also working with select customers on 15nm Flash memory and VNAND process development.

To support its Korean customers and further expand business in the region, AMEC Korea will establish a local Research and Development center this year.

AMEC Chairman and CEO Gerald Z. Yin paid tribute to the Korean customer for its close collaboration. Such collaboration is essential for the development of advanced technology that solves difficult technical problems. He added, "AMEC recognizes the importance of investing in a local hub to provide exceptional service to our Korean customers. With this in mind, we are accelerating our Korean localization plan and boosting it with elements that include intellectual property protection, as well as onsite product enhancement initiatives and responsive field support."

Commenting further on AMEC's localization strategy for Korea, KI Yoon, General Manager for Korea, added, "We're diligently developing local supply sources and seeking reliable collaboration partners not just for Korea, but for the global market as well. This will enable us to provide supply pathways to Korean customers with fabs in Korea who are also constructing fabs in China. On the technology front, we continue to innovate solutions to address the technical priorities of our Korean customers' and others worldwide. This includes development of a third-generation CCP oxide etcher and ICP etcher, as well as 450mm product lines."

Primo SSC AD-RIE is a trademark of AMEC.

About Advanced Micro-Fabrication Equipment Inc. (AMEC) AMEC is China's leading provider of advanced process technology to global manufacturers of semiconductors and LEDs. The company is an entrenched supplier of dielectric and TSV etch tools, helping tier-one customers build memory and logic devices at process nodes as low as 20nm. Today, more than 200 AMEC etch stations are positioned at leading-edge fabs across Asia. To learn more, please visit www.amec-inc.com."

 

[Martian2]

TechEye: "Samsung manufacturing process is already half a generation behind TSMC"

TSMC might rain on Samsung

"TSMC might rain on Samsung’s parade
20nm SoCs coming sooner than expected
02 Apr 2013 11:16 | by Nermin Hajdarbegovic

Although Samsung is currently the darling of the tech press and Android geeks, all might not be well in South Korea.

TSMC’s 20nm process is apparently ahead of schedule. Focus Taiwan reports TSMC will open its first commercial 20nm facility, dubbed Fab 14, on April 20. This is a couple of months ahead of schedule and the new process will allow TSMC to maintain its lead for quite a while.

In contrast, Samsung is still struggling to get its 28nm process off the ground. Samsung’s previous generation Exynos 4 chips were very competitive and most were built using Samsung 32nm process. The process was pretty competitive at the time, as some competitors were stuck at 40nm. Then came along Qualcomm and it blew away the competition with its first generation 28nm Krait chips in mid-2012. This time around Qualcomm is not the only SoC maker with 28nm chips, as Nvidia’s Tegra 4 and Tegra 4i will also be stamped out in TSMC’s 28nm fabs.

Samsung’s first 28nm SoC, the Exynos 5 Octa, already seems to be behind schedule. As a result most Galaxy S4 phones will ship with Qualcomm processors instead. But this time next year things could get much worse for Samsung. The Exynos 5 Octa is a very competitive chip for the time being, but the next crop of A15 and custom core SoCs from the likes of Nvidia, Qualcomm and other players could show up in roughly a year and many could use TSMC’s new 20nm process. Apple is also said to be looking at TSMC’s 20nm offer and it is looking to ditch Samsung wherever possible.

This leaves Samsung in a pretty pickle. Its manufacturing process is already half a generation behind and the industry is moving to more elaborate SoC designs, with power hungry A15 cores and plenty of GPU transistors to cope with full HD displays. Although 28nm chips still have a future, they won’t be of much help in the highly competitive high-end SoC market once the competition transitions to 20nm parts.

Now it appears TSMC is already leaping ahead of its own 20nm schedule, while Samsung’s 28nm process is still experiencing teething problems."

 

[cirr]

Chinese auto giant building $200M factory to make EcoMotor’s efficient engines

By Katie Fehrenbacher

Apr. 9, 2013 - 4:30 AM PDT

Five-year-old, Bill Gates and Khosla-backed, EcoMotors is finally commercializing its efficient engine technology. And it’s got a killer deal to do it: a $200 million plant being built by Chinese auto giant Zhongding Power.

EcoMotors has reached a “massive inflection point” in the life of its business, as Khosla Ventures partner Andrew Chung explained it to me in an interview last week. On Tuesday the five-year-old startup, which is backed by Khosla, Bill Gates and Braemar Energy Ventures, announced that it has struck a deal to have Chinese auto parts giant Zhongding Power build a $200 million factory in the Anhui Province in eastern China that will make EcoMotor’s efficient, low cost and light weight engines.

The factory will be the first in the world building EcoMotor’s “opoc,” opposed piston, opposed cylinder engine, at a commercial scale. When it starts production in 2014, the factory will aim to produce 150,000 engines per year. There’s also an adjacent site that could expand production to 400,000 engines per year down the road.

Strategic deals with huge Chinese companies are becoming a valuable way for Valley cleantech startups to move into commercial production and actually have a chance at succeeding. In particular Khosla Ventures has been adept as of late at helping its companies navigate deals in China.

Chinese parts company Wanxiang invested $420 million into GreatPoint Energy – a company based in Cambridge, Mass. that converts coal into cleaner-burning natural gas — in order to commercialize GreatPoint’s technology in China. LanzaTech, which turns gases emitted from industrial processes into biofuels and biochemicals, is working with China’s largest steel producer, Baosteel, as well as Chinese coal producer Yankuang Group. Khosla Ventures has invested in both of these firms.

By partnering with a giant like Zhongding, EcoMotors doesn’t have to raise and spend a lot of money on infrastructure. In return, Zhongding will sell the engines domestically in China — these particular engines will be powerful ones used for generators, off-road vehicles and commercial vehicles. Chung called the strategy “cleantech done right.”

EcoMotors’ engine can be 20 to 50 percent more efficient, 20 to 25 percent lower in cost to buy, and half the size and half the weight of a traditional engine. For car manufacturers the capital savings are even greater — at 30 to 40 percent — when using EcoMotors engine to build an efficient vehicle. When placed in a passenger light weight vehicle, the engine could deliver a 100 MPG, 5-passener, car.

The Chinese car market, as well as the engine market, are the largest and fastest growing in the world. And the Chinese government has set very aggressive goals to reduce the country’s air pollution and carbon emissions.

EcoMotors is a particularly unusual investment for a venture capital firm because the internal combustion hasn’t seen much innovation in decades. But the global trends of needing this innovation are clear: more and more countries are pushing for lowered car emissions, air pollution is a massive problem throughout developing countries, and the cars that will catch on in the price conscious developing markets will be cars that use fuel efficiently and thus save their customers money. Other startups working on efficient engines include Pinnacle Engines, Achates Power, Grail Engine Technologies, and Transonic Combustion

Chinese auto giant building $200M factory to make EcoMotor’s efficient engines — Tech News and Analysis

 

[shuttler]

中国8万吨锻压机：三分半钟可造飞机起落架
2013年04月11日 12:07 成都商报

国之重器

　　大型模锻压机是衡量一个国家工业实力的重要标志。迄今为止，仅有美国、俄罗斯、法国3个国家有类似设备，最大锻造等级为俄罗斯的7.5万吨，而我国的达8万吨

　　世界第一

　　总高42米，重约2.2万吨，单件重量在75吨以上的零件68件，压机尺寸、整体质量和最大单件重量均为世界第一。这是中国二重历时10年打造的世界“重装之王”

　　昨日，中国二重举行8万吨大型模锻压机试生产暨产品推介会，向用户、合作伙伴展示“国之重器”的建设及产品服务情况。从2003年8万吨大型模锻压机申请立项，中国二重开始了10年的追梦历程，在吸收、消化、再创新的基础上，二重突破超大、超长、超重零部件的极限制造，实现了最新技术与固有技术的结合，成功研制出8万吨大型模锻压机，使中国成为拥有全球最高等级模锻装备的国家。

　　8万吨锻压机“德阳造”

　　昨日上午，中国工程院院士钟掘、中国科学院院士曹春晓以及来自中国航空工业集团公司、中航发动机控股有限公司、沈飞工业集团、成飞工业集团等50多家国内大型企业负责人出席了推介会。

　　院士钟掘说：“8万吨大型模锻压机投入试运行，将我国高端重大装备的制造能力托举到国际顶级水平，也为中国走向制造强国掀开了历史性的一页。”

　　8万吨大型模锻压机列装后，我国航空航天等最难做的大件，动力发电、海洋工程、西气东输、深部开采等各行各业要用的性能最高的、尺寸最大的、结构最复杂的构件都能通过该锻压机完成。

　　“如果说以前生产锻件需要千锤百炼，那么有了8万吨大型模锻压机则是一锤定型。”8万吨大型模锻压机项目常务副总指挥、中国二重副总工程师陈晓慈形象地比喻，该锻压机是通过强大的压力作用，使性能普通的金属材料在模具内流动，细化内部晶粒，实现大型模锻件的整体精密成形，这些金属材料可以蜕变为飞机的“骨骼”———框梁，可以蜕变为发动机的“脊柱”———涡轮盘，可以蜕变为油田的“血管”———输油管三通等。陈晓慈将运行原理比喻为“压月饼”，通过液压传递能量形成压制力，并解决一次性成型问题。

　　3分半钟搞定一个飞机起落架

　　在二重集团厂大型压机车间里，一台巨型机器摆在眼前。这台大型模锻压机是航空、航天、石油、化工、船舶等领域所需模锻件产品的关键设备。地上27米，地下15米，总高42米，相当于13层楼高，重约2.2万吨，单件重量在75吨以上的零件68件，压机尺寸、整体质量和最大单件重量均为世界之首。

　　昨日上午10时许，在众多专家的见证下，机械启动，机械手从高温箱里缓慢夹起一个类似“丫”字形状的锻件，它浑身散发着橙色的光，一股热气袭来，随即，机械手将其送至10多层楼高的模锻压机的锻压台。“轰、轰、轰”的一阵响声之后，锻压台面合拢了，一簇火团从缝隙中“哗”地蹦了出来，伴随着不断飞溅的火花。

　　参观人员屏住呼吸，目不转睛地盯着锻压台，锻压台台面缓缓张开，一个用于国产某型号商用飞机起落架的大型锻件产生，整个过程3分半钟，观摩的人群顿时响起热烈的掌声。“报告，8万吨模锻压机首件试压成功！”戴着黄色安全帽的技术员说。在现场，中国锻压协会航材委主任委员曾凡昌激动地说：“搞了一辈子航空大锻件，今天终于梦想成真了。”

　　十年磨一剑 打造“国之重器”

　　早在上世纪70年代末，二重人就开始筹划设计制造大型模锻压机。陈晓慈此前公开接受媒体采访时表示，压力必须是4万吨级以上，才能称之为大型模锻压机。

　　据中国二重的一份资料显示，在8万吨模锻压机诞生前，我国还没有4万吨级以上的大型模锻压机，而目前世界上拥有4万吨级以上大型模锻压机的国家只有美、俄、法3国，目前最高吨级为俄罗斯7.5万吨。

　　1980年9月26日，中国首次自行研制制造的大型喷气式客机“运-10”首次试飞成功后，试飞累计170小时后停留于地面，“其原因很大程度上与当时中国没有能加工大型机身大梁所必需的大型模锻压机有关。”陈晓慈介绍，由于无法用大型模锻压机对飞机大梁整体锻压成型以确保质量，就只能用小型设备分段锻造、组合拼装，这无法满足大飞机所要求的质量标准。

　　2003年，受国务院委托，30多人的专家组调研论证，并通过对空客、波音飞机的分析，认为7.5万吨级模锻压略显功能不足，最终将压力量级定在8万吨。2007年11月15日，大压机计划最后批复落户二重。论证5年，建造5年，可谓10年磨一剑。“至少上千人参与了建造。”陈晓慈感叹。

　　2012年4月1日，中国二重独立自主设计、制造、安装的世界最大的8万吨模锻压机热负荷试车一次成功。昨日，8万吨大型模锻压机成功试生产。“这是一个集机、电、液为一体的巨系统工程，成功挑战目前人类极限制造能力。”陈晓慈介绍。这台设备制造成功的本身，是很多新技术、新工艺的突破，可扩展应用于其他多种领域，它还将辐射带动一批庞大的航空构件的机械加工集群，形成整机设计、整机制造和发动机制造的闭合产业链。

news.sina.com.cn


China's 80,000 tons forging-pressing machines: three and a half minutes to make an airplane landing gear
At 12:07 on April 11, 2013 Chengdu Business Daily

Heavy Equipment of the Nation

Large forging-pressing ability is an important symbol to measure a country's industrial strength. To date, only three countries in the United States, Russia, France and similar equipment, the maximum forging-pressing level of 75,000 tons for Russia, while China's 80,000 tons

The world's first

The total height of 42 meters and weighs about 22,000 tons, 68 one-piece parts weighing more than 75 tons, press size, the overall quality and the largest single piece weight are the first in the world. This Chinese double lasted 10 years to build the world reload the king "

Yesterday, the Chinese double held 80,000 tons of large forging presses trial production and product promotion, to users, partners demonstrate the building of the State of the weighing and products and services. Project application large forging presses from 80,000 tons in 2003, China re-start the course of 10 years of Dream in absorption, digestion, based on a new, oversized double breakthrough, long, overweight limit of parts manufacturing to achieve a combination of the latest technology and the inherent technology, the successful production of 80,000 tons of large forging presses, making China the country with the world's highest level of forging equipment.

80,000 tons forging-pressing machine made in Deyang

Yesterday morning, the Chinese Academy of Engineering Zhong Jue, the person in charge of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cao Chunxiao from the China Aviation Industry Corporation, China Aviation Engine Holdings Limited, Shenyang Aircraft Industry Group, flying into the industrial group, more than 50 large domestic enterprises attended the promotion .

Academician Zhong Jue said: "80,000 tons of large forging presses put into trial operation, the major equipment manufacturing capability of China's high-end lifts to the top international level, but also opened a historic chapter in China to manufacture power."

80,000 tons of large forging presses fitted out, the most difficult to do large of China's aerospace, power generation, marine engineering, natural gas, deep mining and other industries to use the highest performance, size, the most complex component can be completed by the forging press.

"If the production forgings tempered, with 80,000 tons of large forging presses a hammer stereotypes. 80,000 tons of large forging press project executive vice commander, liken Chinese double, deputy chief engineer Chen Xiaoci,, The forging machines by strong pressure, so that the general performance of the metal material flow in the mold, to refine the internal grain to achieve the the large die forgings overall precision forming, these metal materials can be transformed for the aircraft "bone" --- box beam can be transformed to the "spine" of the engine --- turbine disk can be transformed for the oilfield "vascular" --- pipeline tee. Chen Xiaoci operating principle compared to the pressure moon cake "hydraulic energy transfer to form a pressing force, and solve a one-time molding problems.

3 and a half minutes to get an aircraft landing gear

In the the large presses workshop of the two-group plant, a giant machine in front of us. This large forging presses the fields of aviation, aerospace, petroleum, chemical, shipbuilding and other key equipment required for die forging products. On the ground 27 meters, 15 meters underground, the total height of 42 meters, the equivalent of 13 stories tall, weighing about 2.2 tons, 68 one-piece parts weighing more than 75 tons, press size, the overall quality and the largest single piece weight as the first in the world.

10 o'clock yesterday morning, in the witness of many experts, the machine will start, slow to pick up a similar "Ah" shape forging manipulator box from the high temperature, it exude orange light, a surge of hot air hit, then, robot will be sent to the 10 multi-story forging presses forging station. "Boom, boom, boom" after the burst of sound, forging the countertops close, a bunch of fireball from the cracks in the "Wow" to jump out, along with the constantly flying sparks.

The visitors breath, staring at forging forging countertops slowly open, one for a particular model of the domestic large commercial aircraft landing gear forgings, the whole process three and a half minutes to observe the crowd suddenly burst into warm applause. Report, 80,000 tons forging presses successful pressure test! "Said technician wearing a yellow helmet. In the field, China Forging Association Air Materiel Committee chairman Cengfan Chang said excitedly: "engage in a lifetime of aviation forgings, is finally a dream come true."

Decade of grinding sword to create the "State of the weighing"

As early as the end of the 1970s, Shigehito to start planning the design and manufacture of large forging presses. Chen Xiaoci had public interview with the media, the pressure must be more than 40,000 tons, can be called large forging presses.

According to the double an information display, before the birth of the 80,000 tons forging presses no more than 40,000 tons of large forging press, while the countries of the world with more than 40,000 tons of large forging presses only three countries in the United States, Russia, France, the highest-ton to 75,000 tons from Russia.

September 26, 1980, China's first self-developed manufacturing jumbo jet transport Y-10 "after a successful maiden flight, after accumulated 170 hours of flight stay on the ground," largely due to China was not able to processing the large fuselage beam necessary for large-scale forging presses relevant. "Chen Xiaoci introduced large forging presses can not the aircraft beam as a whole forging molding to ensure quality, we only use a small device sub-forging, the combination of assembly, this can not be meet the quality standards required by large aircraft.

In 2003, commissioned by the State Council, the group of experts in more than 30 research and demonstration, and that the 75,000-ton die forging slightly Airbus, Boeing aircraft, function, and eventually the pressure magnitude is set at 80,000 tons. November 15, 2007, a large press was finally approved the settled heavy. Demonstration of five years, the construction of five years, can be described as "10 years of forging a sword". "At least a thousand people were involved in the construction of," Chen Xiaoci sigh.

April 1, 2012, the double independent design, manufacture and installation of the world's largest 80,000 tons forging presses heat load test a success. Yesterday, 80,000 tons of large forging presses successful trial production. "This is the the giant system works as one of a set of mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, successfully challenged the limits of human ability to manufacture" Chen Xiaoci introduced. Device manufacturing success itself, a lot of new technology, new technology breakthrough, scalable used in a variety of other areas, it will also radiation and leading a group of large aerostructures machining cluster, forming machine design, machine manufacturing and engine manufacturers closed industrial chain.

google translation

 

[cirr]

Sinopec Invests $11 Billion on Coal-to-Gas
Chinese Energy Companies Demand Gas
By Justin Williams
Wednesday, April 10th, 2013
energyandcapital.com

Sinopec Group, the second biggest energy company in China and grandest by revenue is set to build the country’s largest coal-to-gas converting project in the world. It will invest $11.3 billion to develop the project, which will be off the ground and in full production in 8 to 10 years. This is a crucial time in development for China, which must meet a rising demand for natural gas. China is already the world leader in coal production, but as the nation’s population continues to skyrocket and the alarming concern for air quality is sounding off, coal just isn’t the safe, clean-burning energy resource that natural gas is.

The reason natural gas has become such a hot commodity is because it burns cleaner than other hydrocarbon fuels that are so widely used for energy production. Compared to coal, it produces nearly half the amount of carbon dioxide. With the ability to convert coal to gas, China would be able to harness one of its greatest natural resources and convert it into gas, lowering carbon dioxide emissions and in turn providing the people of China with a healthier air supply.

Coal to Gas
The process works in 3 stages. First is the gasification, as high pressures and temperatures are centralized in gasification towers that are usually about 200 to 250 feet tall, where the coal is turned into a mix of CO2, sulphur, and methane gas. Once it reaches this point, it is then sent through a purification and methanation process. According to Reuters, the coal-to-gas conversion rate is around 30 percent. The process is similar to the method that produces oil from coal in some other facilities around the world. The gasification and purification stages are typically developed domestically. The final stage, methanation (when carbon dioxide interacts with hydrogen to form methane gas), is generally supplied by foreign development.

The coal-to-gas production facilities will be in Zhundong, China, in the northwest region of Xinjiang, and will have a max production capacity of 8 billion cubic meters, or a little more than 280 cubic feet (bcm) of gas, annually. Production for the project will start at two nearby mines in Zhundong, which will provide the coal to be transported to the newly built coal-to-gas facilities. The mines each have the capacity to produce 15 million tons every year. The end product—the natural gas—will then run along Sinopec Group’s 30 bcm/year pipeline that runs from Xinjiang to Guangdong province in south China and to Zhejiang province in east China. The Xinjiang-Guangdong-Zhejiang pipeline, running 4,925 miles, gives Sinopec a significant advantage in China’s gas distribution market.

Chinese Coal
The ability to convert coal to gas marks a significant step in China's ability to provide a cleaner-burning source of fuel, and while China does produce more coal than anywhere else in the world, because its demand is so high, it is also the world’s biggest importer of the resource.

 

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我国成为全球第二个能够研制生产脑起搏器的国家
　　
新华社北京 2013年4月6日电

由多家部门支持、清华大学历经10年攻关开发的脑起搏器系列产品已达到国际上同类产品的先进技术水平，使我国成为全球第二个能够研制、生产脑起搏器的国家。

　　在4月11日世界帕金森病日将来临之际，科技部、清华大学、神经调控技术国家工程实验室联合北京天坛医院、北京协和医院等部门和单位6日在清华大学共同举办“第二届清华脑起搏器论坛帕金森病日关爱活动”大型公益活动。

　　清华大学脑起搏器攻关项目负责人、航天航空学院教授李路明在论坛上说，脑起搏器将电极植入大脑的特定部位，通过慢性电刺激达到治疗效果，是一种安全、可逆、疗效显著的神经调节治疗方法，是目前外科治疗帕金森病的首选疗法，全世界已有超过10万名患者植入脑起搏器。

　　据了解，作为一种有源植入类高端医疗器械，脑起搏器具有很高的技术和工程开发难度。在科技部、北京市等多方支持下，清华大学将载人航天高科技应用于脑起搏器研发，历经10年攻关终于研制成功，并在临床上与北京天坛医院、北京协和医院等建立密切合作关系。目前，清华大学研制的单通道脑起搏器和双通道可充电脑起搏器共进行了近百例帕金森病患者的临床治疗，术后随访最长达到40个月，疗效可靠、性能稳定、大大降低了患者的治疗成本。2010年，该项成果作为“十一五”国家科技支撑计划社会发展领域十大科技成果参加“十一五”国家重大科技成就展，2012年入选中国高校十大科技进展。

　　数据显示，我国帕金森病患者已超过200万，帕金森病已成为影响我国老年人身体健康和生活质量的重大疾病。

　　作者：吴晶 李江涛 (来源：新华&#31038


news.sohu.com

Illustration courtesy

chinajs120.com

guancha.cn/Science



China has become the world's second country able to develop and produce brain pacemakers

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 6, 2013

Supported by a number of departments, Tsinghua University after 10 years of research and development of brain pacemaker series of similar products has reached the international advanced level of technology, making China the world's second development, production brain pacemaker country.

April 11 World Parkinson's Disease Day will be the dawn of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, neural regulation of National Engineering Laboratory Joint Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing Union Medical College Hospital and other departments and units at Tsinghua University jointly organized the second Tsinghua brain pacemaker Parkinson's disease day care activities "large public events.

Brain pacemaker implanted electrodes in specific parts of the brain, to achieve the therapeutic effect of chronic electrical stimulation is a safe, reversible brain pacemaker, Tsinghua University research project leader, Li Luming, Professor of the School of Aerospace, said at the forum, efficacy significant neuromodulation treatment, surgical treatment is the preferred therapy for Parkinson's disease, more than 100,000 patients worldwide implanted brain pacemaker.

It is understood that the brain pacemaker has high-end as an active implantable medical devices, high technology and engineering development is difficult. Multi-party support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, Tsinghua University, used in manned space high-tech research and development of brain pacemaker, finally succeeded after 10 years of research, and clinical and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing Union Medical College Hospital to establish close relations of cooperation. At present, the single-channel brain pacemaker developed by Tsinghua University and dual-channel rechargeable computer pacemaker conducted a total of nearly 100 cases of clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease patients were followed up for a maximum period of 40 months, effective and reliable, stable performance and greatly reduce the cost of treating patients. In 2010, the results as "Eleventh Five-Year" National Science and Technology Support Program field of social development the top ten scientific and technological achievements to participate in the "Eleventh Five-Year" major national Science and Technology Exhibition 2012 selected ten science and technology progress.

The data show that Parkinson's disease patients in China has exceeded 2 million, Parkinson's disease has become the major diseases affecting the health and quality of life of elderly people in China.

Reporters: Wu Jing, Jiang-Tao Li (Source: Xinhua)

Google translation

 

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China's deep-sea center 'open to the whole world'

Updated: 2013-04-13 01:20 By WANG QIAN and XIE CHUANJIAO in Qingdao ( China Daily)

China's deep-sea center 'open to the whole world' |Society |chinadaily.com.cn

Shandong province marine facility expected to start operating next year

The China National Deep Sea Center, expected to start operating next year, will be open to China and the world to explore the ocean depths, according to a senior official.

Liu Feng, director of the center, said that by drawing on ideas from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in the United States, a well-known ocean research, engineering and educational organization, the center will act as a bridge connecting scientists' demands with technical research and development.

With building expected to start in May, the center will cover about 26 hectares of land and 62.7 hectares of sea in Jimo county, off the east coast of Shandong province, serving as a support station for deep-sea facilities, including Jiaolong, China's manned submersible.

The center's design plan includes a construction and maintenance workshop, a scientific research building, a large pool for experimental dives, and training facilities. It will feature five berths to accommodate two vessels weighing 6,000 metric tons and three of 3,000 tons.

Xinhua News Agency reported that the center will cost an estimated 495 million yuan ($78.6 million) for initial construction, but Liu said the cost can only be disclosed after the feasibility report is approved by the National Development and Reform Commission.

Scientists can apply to use the deep-sea equipment managed by the center, Liu said.

Liu also said an expert assessment committee should be set up to assess applications, and arrange them according to urgency and feasibility, as the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution does.

But regulations and detailed operating rules, such as how to levy charges, are still being considered. The deep-sea base program is the fifth of its kind in the world, following those in the US, Russia, France and Japan.

Center: Many countries have set goals to explore ocean

"Besides Jiaolong, other ocean research facilities will be managed by the center, including a 4,000 ton mother ship for submersible and ocean scientific research vessels and automatic underwater vehicles," Liu said.

Ren Zhengang, director of the construction office at the Qingdao Blue Economic Zone, said the center's land construction project will start later this year.

The deep-sea base program is also on the schedule of the China Ocean Mineral Resource Research and Development Association this year, said Jin Jiancai, secretary-general of the association.

He said the center will provide maintenance and technical support for deep-sea equipment, such as Jiaolong.

With attention focusing on construction of the deep-sea center, China is accelerating its oceanic exploration efforts.

At the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in November, Hu Jintao, former general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, said building China into a maritime power has strategic importance.

Oceans cover about 70 percent of the Earth's surface, influencing the climate, producing half the planet's oxygen and providing huge economic value.

"It is not enough to just explore our three million-square-kilometer seawater area for China. The deep sea, as an important part of the ocean, should be covered in our scientific research and exploration, which is also a part of building China into a maritime power," Liu said, adding it is also the reason for establishing the center.

Scientists believe the sea at depths of 4,000 to 6,000 meters holds abundant deposits of rare metals and methane hydrate, a form of natural gas bound in ice that could serve as a new energy source.

Besides China, many countries are accelerating efforts to explore the ocean for undersea resources and energy.

China sent Jiaolong below 7,000 meters in June 2012. It will be sent to the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean from June to September for scientific research.

Liu said a plan for the center's deep-sea equipment development for the next five to 10 years will be drawn up this year.

 

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Teen golfer shoots 73 on 1st day at Masters |Golf |chinadaily.com.cn

Updated: 2013-04-12 17:11
By Garrett Johnston in Augusta, Georgia (Chinadaily.com.cn)

Fourteen-year-old amateur Guan Tianlang of China celebrates sinking a birdie putt on the 18th green during first round play in the 2013 Masters golf tournament at the Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia, April 11, 2013. [Photo/Agencies]



The youngest player in US Masters history, Guan Tianlang of China, played an impressive opening round of one-over 73 at Augusta National on Thursday.

He made a birdie putt from off the green at the 18th hole and added a fist pump and tip of the hat to boot, completing his historic round in style.

He trails first-round leaders Sergio Garcia of Spain and Marc Leishman of Australia by seven shots after their 6-under 66s and sits in a tie for 46th place - in the middle of the pack of the most distinguished professionals from around the globe.

"He played a beautiful round of golf," Guan's playing partner and two-time US Masters champion Ben Crenshaw said. "He stays well within himself, he's very confident, and obviously has beautiful hands."

The hands Crenshaw referred to enabled Guan to chip the ball close to the flag on many occasions, saving vital shots down the stretch of his first round.

Throughout the day the 14-year-old showed a maturity far beyond his years.

Asked after the round if Thursday was the most amazing experience of his life, Guan agreed.

"It's like a dream come true," Guan said, "To play some good golf today just feels great."

He also had to deal with nerves at the first hole after he watched his playing partners hit their tee shots well left.

"I feel great to play the first round here," Guan said. "And just a little bit nervous on the first tee, but I hit a great tee shot on it and after that I just felt comfortable."

He went on to hit his first three fairways of the day, culminating with a birdie at the third hole.

"He stuck right to his plan the whole day," Crenshaw said. "(He) didn't get rattled, really wonderful to see."

On the short 350-yard par-4 third, there was a moment that easily could have shaken the youngster. As Guan lined up his birdie putt, Henrik Stenson's drive from back on the tee hit and rolled through the green on which Guan stood. Matteo Manessero, the third member of Guan's group, acknowledged the players on the distant tee box with a thumbs up and the veteran Crenshaw did as well. Guan never lost his focus or even seemed to notice the other ball and promptly sank the first birdie of his US Masters from 20 feet. Strong applause erupted from the gallery.

Guan's focus was evident throughout his round, which included three more birdies, and came s no surprise to John Ho. Ho is the vice-president of Lion Lake Country Club and Sheraton Hotel in Qingyuan where Guan's father, Guan Hanwen, takes his son to practice seven days a week. Ho says they usually stay from mid-afternoon until dark.

"He practices hard and smart," Ho said. "Not like a kid, like a very mature person. When he got the invitation to the Masters, we cut the practice green down especially for him. We made it faster and closer to Masters conditions."

Guan took on the Masters conditions on Thursday and now leads the other four amateurs in the field. Reigning US Amateur champion Steven Fox is next best at 4-over par, three shots behind Guan.

Even current co-leader Garcia was impressed by what Guan was able to do on Thursday.

"It's very impressive," Garcia said. "There's no doubt that the conditions were pretty good, but you still have to do it."

Garcia tasted amateur success when he won the British Amateur in 1998 and was a semifinalist at the 1998 US Amateur as an 18-year-old.

"I think 1-over was a good score for him," Manessero said. "You can see he can do that (Friday) again without any problem. I mean, I think it shows good potential."

The magical week at Augusta continues on Friday for Guan when he tees off in his second round with Manessero (3-over) and Crenshaw (8-over) and with making the cut firmly in his sights.

 

[cirr]

China's railway infrastrucure investment up 28%
Updated: 2013-04-12 10:04
(Xinhua)

BEIJING - China's investment in railway infrastructure increased 28 percent to 54.51 billion yuan ($8.65 billion) in the first three months of 2013, the China Railway Corporation (CRC) said on Thursday.

The growth rate was slighter higher than the 20.9 percent registered in the first two months.

To reduce bureaucracy, the National People's Congress, China's parliament last month adopted a cabinet reshuffle plan which included the dismantling of the Ministry of Railways into administrative and commercial arms.

On March 14, the CRC, which took over the commercial functions of the former MOR, went into business.

The corporation said it is mobilizing resources to ensure the completion of key projects on schedule. The passenger lines between Nanjing and Hangzhou, Hangzhou and Ningbo, Tianjin and Qinhuangdao and Panjin and Yingkou have gone through technical examinations.

According to the national plan, China will invest 520 billion yuan in railway infrastructure this year and 5,200 km of new lines will be put into use.

 

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我国首台自主大型枢纽机场套行李处理系统通过验收


China's first independent large hub airport sets of baggage handling system certified for quality acceptance

中商情报网(?????_????_????_?????????) 日期：2013-4-3 [打印] [关闭]

据工信部发布消息，首次在国内大型枢纽机场成功应用的国产智能化行李处理系统3月30日在昆明新机场通过国家有关部门组织的现场验收。这是国家战略性新兴产业重点支持的首批项目之一。

该项目由中国船舶重工集团昆明船舶设备集团公司承制，自2012年6月28日在昆明长水国际机场投入使用以来，系统运行平稳，经受了实际运行的检验，率先实现行李处理系统成套装备国产化，单条收集线处理能力达每小时900件，行李错误分检率小于万分之一，行李条码成功读取率大于98%。与国外同类产品相比，产品价格仅为进口产品的1/8,每年运行维护费则为进口的1/60。

专家验收委员会一致认为，项目的成功研制和示范应用，标志着我国大型枢纽机场行李处理系统的研制开发和产业化能力首次实现重大突破，填补了国内同类产品空白并达到了国际先进技术水平，完全满足国家战略性新兴产业专项－智能制造产业发展专项的预期目标。为尽快形成机场行李处理系统创新发展能力、培育新兴产业市场，下一步应重点推进该系统在郑州、重庆和北京第二机场等国内大型枢纽机场的推广应用。


China's first independent large hub airport sets of baggage handling system through the acceptance
*
CBIW (?????_????_????_?????????) Date :2013-4-3 [Print]

***According to the Ministry announced that the large hub airports in the country for the first time the successful application of the domestic intelligence baggage handling system March 30 in Kunming new airport site acceptance by the relevant departments of the state organization. This is one of the first projects of national strategic emerging industries key support.

**The project by the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Kunming Shipbuilding Equipment Group Company for the system, since June 28, 2012 put into use the long water International Airport in Kunming, the system running smoothly, withstood the test of the actual operation, the first to achieve the baggage handling system equipment localization, a single collection line processing capacity of 900 per hour, Luggage error sorting rate of less than one ten-thousandth, Luggage successful barcode read rates greater than 98%. Compared with similar foreign products, the product price is only 1/8 of the imported products, the annual operation and maintenance fees for imports 1/60.

**Acceptance committee of experts agreed that the success of the project development and application of the model, marking China's large hub airport baggage handling system research and development and industrial capacity for the first time to achieve major breakthroughs, to fill gaps in the domestic like product and reached the international advanced level of technology, completely to meet the special national strategic emerging industries - intelligent manufacturing industry to develop special target. Innovation and development capacity of the airport baggage handling system as soon as possible, cultivate new industries market, the next step should focus on promoting the popularization and application of the system in Zhengzhou, Chongqing and Beijing airport and other major domestic hub airports.

google translation

Manufacturer's Information

 

[cirr]

This is one of the many requisites that will make China THE world‘s leader in high-tech and high value-added manufacturing：

[YouKu]XNTQzNzgyNjQ4.html[/YouKu]

The world's largest 80000-tonne forging press at work forging C919's landing gear。

 

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中国生物航空燃油试飞成功 地沟油“变废为宝”

2013年04月24日19:52 来源：中国新闻网 手机看新闻


Chinese bio-aviation fuel test flight successful waste oil "turning waste into treasure"

2013 04 24, 2011 19:52 Source: China News Mobile read the news

news_energy.people.com.cn

Photo link—news.jschina.com.cn

这是生物航空燃油首次验证试飞仪式现场（4月24日）。
This is the bio-aviation fuel verify that the test flight ceremony for the first time (April 24).

4月24日，工作人员正在向准备进行验证试飞的飞机加注生物航空燃油。
April 24, staff are to prepare the verification test aircraft filling biological aviation fuel.

4月24日，加注了生物航空燃油的飞机在清晨的雾霭中起飞
April 24, aircraft filled with the bio-fuel for jets took off in the early morning mist.



中新网上海4月24日电(记者 宗晨&#20142随着24日东方航空公司空客A-320飞机成功执行1个半小时的验证飞行，中国首次自主产权生物航空燃油验证飞行获得成功，这意味着令国人深恶痛绝的地沟油可以变废为宝，成为生物航空燃油。

　　当天在中国民用航空局向东方航空公司颁发生物航空燃油特许飞行许可证后，东航使用现役空中客车A320型客机加注中国自主知识产权的生物航空燃油腾空而起，验证飞行过程中记录下各项重要数据、指标后平稳着落在上海虹桥国际机场，试飞工作成功完成。

　　中石化相关专家介绍，目前已成功转化为生物航煤的原料有废弃动植物油脂(地沟&#27833、农林废弃物、油藻等，而本次试飞加注的航煤是部分是由地沟油转化，部分是由棕榈油转化。“变身”过程中，科研人员需要将原本浓稠、粘腻的油脂粘度、沸点等降低，再生为生物燃油。相较于传统航煤，生物航煤可实现减排二氧化碳55%至92%，不仅可以再生，具有可持续性，而且无需对发动机进行改装，具有很高的环保优势。

　　东方航空公司表示，在成功实施国产生物航煤验证飞行后，将进一步在商务航线上推广运用，使更多现役飞机的环保性能得到改善，最大程度减少温室气体排放。

　　日前荷兰皇家航空也实现了“地沟油”再生航煤全球试飞，而早前，2009年1月7日，美国大陆航空公司的一架波音737客机成功完成北美洲首次商业飞机生物燃料试验飞行。据了解，这是全球首次利用海藻提取物进行的商业飞机生物燃料飞行。

BEIJING, April 24 (Reporter Chen Liang Zong) With the successful implementation of a half-hour verification flight in 24 Eastern Airlines Airbus A-320 aircraft, bio-aviation fuel verification flight of China's first independent property rights to be successful,this means that the waste oil can make people hated turning waste into treasure, bio-aviation fuel.

Bio-aviation fuel concession awarded to Eastern Airlines flight permit the day of the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC), China Eastern Airlines the active Airbus A320 aircraft into the sky filling the bio-aviation fuel China's independent intellectual property rights, verify that the flight record important data, indicators after a smooth landing at the Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport, flight test work completed successfully.

Sinopec experts, has successfully transformed into bio-jet fuel raw material waste Animal and vegetable fats and oils (waste oil), agriculture, forestry, waste, algae oil, the test raises jet fuel by waste oil into part is transformed by the palm. "Change" in the process, researchers need to be that thick, sticky oil viscosity, boiling point, lower, renewable biofuel. Compared to traditional jet fuel, bio-jet fuel carbon dioxide emissions can be achieved 55-92%, not only renewable, sustainable, and require no modification to the engine, with a high environmental advantages.

Eastern Airlines validation flight in the successful implementation of domestic bio-jet fuel, will further promote the use of business routes, the more active the environmental performance of the aircraft to be improved, to minimize greenhouse gas emissions.

KLM Royal Dutch Airlines recently realized the "waste oil" renewable aviation fuel global test earlier, January 7, 2009, Continental Airlines Boeing 737 successfully completed the first commercial aircraft in North America biofuel test flight. It is understood that this is the world's first use of seaweed extract was subjected to the commercial aircraft biofuels flight.

google translation

 

[Audio]

Can anyone tell me anything about a Mr. Zhang Ke of the ShineWing accounting firm who was found dead with two bullet holes in the Yangtze a few days after he had "audited some local government bond issues and found them very dangerous".

The article is from the Financial Times which is behind a paywall so i cannot link.