in the british system the President or the QUEEN is more less just a show piece prime minster calls al lthe shots what's the name of your current president lady most of my indian friends don't even know....and yes as for KALAM like i said at that point any guy who could make a nuclear bomb would have been hired same goes for pakistan even if dr.Qadeer was a jew he would have been allowed 2 make the bomb!! cuz we needed it....
25 years sorry was thinknig along the lines of OPERATION BLUE STAR ....so stop your time machine story and the ONLY REASON I AM NOT BRINING UP SIKHS is because sikhs r getting some sort of rights by having an UNELCTED PRIME MINSTER.....in
since when was nehru calssifed an atheist and if he was an antheist...and when did atheism become a religious minority....and manmohan singh is unelcted....and come on u kidding me GANDHI being a non hindu....
as for cheif justice well PAKISTAN had a hindu chief justice do we have a secular country now...???
President of India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The President of India enjoys the following powers:
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Executive powers
The Constitution vests in the President of India all the executive powers of the Central Government. The President appoints the Prime Minister the person most likely to command the support of the majority in the Lok Sabha (usually the leader of the majority party or coalition). The President then appoints the other members of the Council of Ministers, distributing portfolios to them on the advice of the Prime Minister.
The Council of Ministers remains in power during the 'pleasure' of the President. In practice, however, the Council of Ministers must retain the support of the Lok Sabha. If a President were to dismiss the Council of Ministers on his or her own initiative, it might trigger a constitutional crisis. Thus, in practice, the Council of Ministers cannot be dismissed as long as it commands the support of a majority in the Lok Sabha.
The President is responsible for making a wide variety of appointments. These include:
Governors of States
The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts
The Attorney General
The Comptroller and Auditor General
The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners
The Chairman and other Members of the Union Public Service Commission
Ambassadors and High Commissioners to other countries.
The President also receives the credentials of Ambassadors and High Commissioners from other countries.
The President is the de jure Commander in Chief of the Indian Armed Forces.
The President of India can grant a pardon to or reduce the sentence of a convicted person, particularly in cases involving punishment of death.
The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by the president are independent of the opinion of the Prime Minister or the Lok Sabha majority. In most other cases, however, the President exercises his or her executive powers on the advice of the Prime Minister.
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Financial powers
Money bills can be introduced in the Parliament only on the prior recommendation of the President. He also causes to be laid before the Parliament the annual financial statement which is the Union Budget. Further no demand for grant shall be made except on his recommendation.He can also make advances out of the Contingency Fund of India to meet any unforeseen expenditure.Moreover, he constitutes the Finance Commission every 5 years to recommend the distribution of taxes between the States and the Centre.
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Judicial powers
The president appoints the Chief Justice of the Union Judiciary and other judges on the advice of the Chief Justice. In practice, these judges are actually selected by the Union cabinet. The President dismisses the judges if and only if the two Houses of the Parliament pass resolutions to that effect by two-thirds majority of the members present.
If they consider a question of law or a matter of public importance has arisen they can ask for the advisory opinion of the Supreme Court. They may or may not accept that opinion.
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Legislative powers
The President summons both houses of the Parliament and prorogues them. He or she can even dissolve the Lok Sabha. These powers are formal, and by convention, the President uses these powers according to the advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
They inaugurate the Parliament by addressing it after the general elections and also at the beginning of the first session each year. Their address on these occasions is generally meant to outline the new policies of the government.
A bill that the Parliament has passed, can become a law only after the President gives his/her assent to it. The President can return a bill to the Parliament, if it is not a money bill, for reconsideration. However, if the Parliament sends it back to them for the second time, the President is obliged to assent to it.
When the Parliament is not in session and the government considers it necessary to have a law, then the President can promulgate ordinances. These ordinances are submitted to the Parliament at its next session. They remain valid for no more than six weeks from the date the Parliament is convened unless approved by it earlier.
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Diplomatic Powers
All international treaties and agreements are negotiated and concluded on behalf of the President. However, in practice, such negotiations are usually carried out by the Prime Minister alongwith his Cabinet (especially the Foreign Minister). Also, such treaties are subject to the approval of the Parliament. The President represents India in international forums and affairs where such a function is chiefly ceremonial. The President may also send and recieve diplomats like Ambassadors and High Commissioners.
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Military Powers
The President is the supreme commander of the defence forces of India, in this capacity the president can appoint Army, Navy & Air Chiefs. The President can declare war or conclude peace, subject to the approval of parliament.
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Emergency powers
The President can declare three types of emergencies: national, state and financial.
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National emergency
National emergency is caused by war, external aggression or armed rebellion in the whole of India or a part of its territory. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962 (Indo-China war), 1965 (Indo-Pakistan war), 1975 and 1977 (declared by Indira Gandhi on account of "internal disturbance").
Under Article 352 of the India Constitution the President can declare such an emergency only on the basis of a written request by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. Such a proclamation must be approved by the Parliament within one month. Such an emergency can be imposed for six months. It can be extended by six months by repeated parliamentary approval.
In such an emergency, Fundamental Rights of Indian citizens can be suspended. The six freedoms under Right to Freedom are automatically suspended. However, the Right to Life and Personal Liberty cannot be suspended.
The Parliament can make laws on the 66 subjects of the State List (which contains subjects on which the state governments can make laws). Also, all money bills are referred to the Parliament for its approval. The term of the Lok Sabha can be extended by a period of up to one year, but not so as to extend the term of Parliament beyond six months after the end of the declared emergency.
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State emergency
State emergency, also known as President's rule, is declared due to breakdown of constitutional machinery in a state.
If the President is satisfied, on the basis of the report of the Governor of the concerned state or from other sources that the governance in a state cannot be carried out according to the provisions in the Constitution, he/she can declare a state of emergency in the state. Such an emergency must be approved by the Parliament within a period of six months.
Under Article 356 of the Indian Constitution, it can be imposed from six months to a maximum period of three years with repeated parliamentary approval every six months. If the emergency needs to be extended for more than three years, this can be achieved by a constitutional amendment, as has happened in Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir.
During such an emergency, the President can take over the entire work of the executive, and the Governor administers the state in the name of the President. The Legislative Assembly can be dissolved or may remain in suspended animation. The Parliament makes laws on the 66 subjects of the state list (see National emergency for explanation). All money bills have to be referred to the Parliament for approval.
On 19 January 2009, President's rule was imposed on the Indian State of Jharkhand making it the latest state where this kind of emergency has been imposed.
A State Emergency can be imposed via the following:
1.By Article 356:-If that state failed to run constitutionally. i.e. Constitutional machinery has failed
2.By Article 365:-If that state is not working according to the given direction of the Union Government.
This type of emergency needs the approval of the parliament within 2 months. This type of emergency can last up to a maximum of 3 years via extensions after each 6 month period. However, after one year it can be extended only if
1.A state of National Emergency has been declared in the country or in the particular state.
2.The Election Commission finds it difficult to organize an election in that state.
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Financial emergency
If the President is satisfied that there is an economic situation in which the financial stability or credit of India is threatened, he/she can proclaim financial emergency as per the Constitutional Article 360. Such an emergency must be approved by the Parliament within two months. It has never been declared. On a previous occasion, the financial stability or credit of India has indeed been threatened, but a financial emergency was avoided through the selling off of India's gold reserves.
A state of financial emergency remains in force indefinitely until revoked by the President.
In case of a financial emergency, the President can reduce the salaries of all government officials, including judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts. All money bills passed by the State legislatures are submitted to the President for his approval. They can direct the state to observe certain principles (economy measures) relating to financial matters.
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, which nuclear bomb did he make, Zail Singh, which missile program was he part of, Mohammad Hidayatullah which milliatary was he commander of, Zakir Hussain, who did not make AGNI. In case you are wonderng who they are, they are former presidents OF INDIA.
Does Dr. Manmohan singh have lesser power than Atal bihari?
Nehru was an Athiest:
Atheists claim Nehru
http://www.wonderfulatheistsofcfl.org/Quotes.htm,
or
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism_in_Hinduism#Prominent_atheists
What about this “The spectacle of what is called religion, or at any rate organized religion, in India and elsewhere, has filled us with horror, and I have frequently condemned it and wished to make a clean sweep of it.”
– Jawaharlal Nehru
or
“I want nothing to do with any religion concerned with keeping the masses satisfied to live in hunger, *****, and ignorance. I want nothing to do with any order, religious or otherwise, which does not teach people that they are capable of becoming happier and more civilized on this earth, capable of becoming master of his fate and captain of his soul.”
Rana Bhagwandas was made cheif justice after sacking of Iftikhar Mohammad Chaudhry just because Musharraf wanted his decesions to prevail and that my dear friend is known as pupper Cheif justice.
Indira Gandhi married a Parsi, which is entirely different religion and not even based in India.
and of course a sikh PM - he calls him a puppet - but a puppet of who? he'll not answer that, because some people (wrongly) do call Mr Singh a puppet, but of a Roman Catholic lady 
