Permanent UNSC membership is a long shot - The G4 specifically Germany and Japan are in a better placed position as of today to demand for a permanent membership in the UNSC. India needs to go step by step - India has applied for the MTCR membership and is expected to be granted one by year end. The next step should be get a membership of Zangger Committee - NPT and CTBT which wouldn't be soon due to the vows of our own nuclear program but still has much scope in the future. The ultimate step should be to get a NSG membership from which it had already got a one of its kind full NSG wavier back - such efforts will in turn legitimize our nuclear program and establish India as a more serious and responsible player in international politics.
Everything comes at a price - India will ultimately have to deviate from its policy of non-alignment. India is not willing to stick its neck out on the burning issues. Whether it was the case of Israel-Palestine, the government of Bashar Al Assad in Syria or the Russian annexation of Crimea, India was not able to give the vocal support that the US and other western powers or Russia for that matter demanded. In addition, India failed to speak its mind freely and boldly, aware of its new status in the world as a free market economy as well as a nuclear power. We will ultimately have to get away with this if we want a Permanent UNSC membership.
In the meanwhile India needs to increase it's foreign aid to developing economies and to the UN in which it ranks #27 (0.534%) in funding. India's contribution to UN Peacekeeping Force is significant - ranks #3 after BD and Ethiopia and has supplied logistics to the same like the MINUSMA mission in Mali.
If India's claim comes to a vote, India will need the support of at least 129, or two-thirds, of the 193 member-states (apart from P5) which won't be probelem since many member have actually supported India's claim publicly.
India might have a high income inequality than most of the advanced economies but it does have the lowest among all emerging economies.
Income inequality in India lowest among emerging nations: OECD - timesofindia-economictimes