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http://mil.huanqiu.com/Observation/2011-08/1955850.html
Indian arms of foreign-made accident-prone warning: Ocean Platter is not reliable
Abstract: As the small domestic equipment, most of the Indian Air Force's main battle equipment purchased from the military powers, called the multi-national weapons "Platter." "Bought modern" taste How? Perhaps only one in the stand by the people to know personally tasted. Outsiders can only crashes from time to time in the news all the bitter smell of the Indian Air Force.
News Tips
Recently, the Indian Air Force thrown tens of billions of "arms purchase orders," attracted world attention. As the South Asian subcontinent into the jet age of the first Air Force, Indian Air Force since the 1970s since formed their own operational theory, emphasis on "preemptive" offensive operations.
In recent years, the Indian Air Force active and Russia, the United States, France, Britain, Israel and other countries of military aviation equipment and technology exchanges and cooperation, the Indian Air Force has become the desire to accelerate the "world power" an important strategic objectives chips. Indian Air Force to go "buy a modern" way in the end by not fly, attracted worldwide media attention.
Main equipment: multi-national weapons "Platter"
As the small domestic equipment, most of the Indian Air Force's main battle equipment purchased from the military powers, called the multi-national weapons "Platter."
According to public information, the Indian Air Force equipment of various types of aircraft / helicopters, more than 1,400 aircraft, including combat aircraft, about 850 aircraft, helicopters, about 190. There are MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-27, MiG-29, Su-30MKI, "Jaguar", Mirage-2000H aircraft and Mi -25, and Mi-17 Mi-35 helicopters. Also equipped with "Canberra", MiG-25R MiG-25U model type and combat reconnaissance and electronic reconnaissance, maritime surveillance and measuring machines, "Phalcon" early warning aircraft, Il-78 aerial tanker. In addition, the Indian Air Force is planning the introduction of Russian-made Tu-22M3 strategic bombers.
Air Force major airborne weapons include: "Brahmos", X-31, AS-30 and other types of ground missiles and AM-39 "flying fish" and "Sea Hawk" air-to-ship missiles, AA-2, AA-12, "Magic" R550-type and other air to air missiles, and TV-guided bombs.
There are Soviet-made air defense equipment SA-3B, SA-8B, SA-16 and Indian-made "Sky" air defense missiles. Also equipped with Russian-made S-300V air defense missile system launchers, planning and self-made "Sky," composed of anti-tactical ballistic missile system. L70-and anti-aircraft guns are ZU-23-2 / 4 type anti-aircraft guns. Radar equipment are legal THD-1955, FRS-2215 type, Russian-made P-12, P-40 type, etc., domestic PSM-33 type and other high-altitude detection radar, and other low-altitude radars.
Equipment Source: "Small change" + "great buy"
In the 21st century, the Indian Air Force, the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and France imported most of the main equipment essential to reach the maximum service life, take 2 / 3 of the main equipment of the second generation, once laid off, will face a severe "shortage of machines." Therefore, India's second generation of the huge improvements at the same time, begin the introduction of new third-generation fighters, the introduction of production line assembly of the Russian Su-30MKI fighter aircraft, co-production of fourth generation fighter.
Small change: The most active tapping the potential transformation of modern aircraft. Indian Air Force introduced parts, replacement aircraft for the active active phased array radar and new engines, the aircraft life extension. For example, the MiG-21 fighter aircraft by radar facelift, new head-mounted display and medium-range air to air missiles, the installation of new electronic warfare system, renamed the MiG-21 "Maverick." MiG-27S, "Jaguar" strike aircraft, Mirage-2000H and so extending the body through the transformation of life.
Big buy: in the use of foreign parts, while upgrading the Air Force weapons development will to introduce the main, in addition to a small aircraft equipped with self-LCA, India's second generation will have a huge fleet to be replaced. In 2009, the Indian fighter throws a procurement plan, through an international tender procurement of 126 medium multi-role fighter aircraft, worth $ 11 billion. Present the basic models locked in French "Rafale" and European "Typhoon" two models. India will usher in the sky summit of foreign fighters and equipment.
Dress in the multi-role fighter, while the fourth-generation fighters of India also continued to buy approach. Last October, Russia, India decided to purchase 250-300 advanced stealth fighter, Russia will provide India with this group of fifth-generation fighter aircraft and 45 multi-role transport aircraft. Developed in cooperation between Russia and India the fifth-generation T-50 aircraft, will enter service in 2015.
"Strategic Air Force": to build space-based nuclear forces
Currently, the Indian Army is planning to be equipped with 40 fighter jets to nuclear attack. Mirage-2000H, Su-30MKI and the "Jaguar" fighters are candidate models. Which, to range far, a large load of selected Su-30MKI is most likely. "Nuclear Force" after forming, has been in service with the "Earth", "Agni" series of land-based ballistic missiles, "body count"-class nuclear submarines and submarine-launched ballistic missiles with the matching, so that India initially have a "trinity" of nuclear strike force.
To improve the projection from the space-based nuclear weapons, India is working to create the Indian version of "nuclear Tomahawk" - a range of up to 1,000 km "Fearless" long-range cruise missiles. India and Russia jointly developed the "Brahmos" cruise missile is more mature, have the potential to carry nuclear warheads, but to buy the aircraft forming a "strategic air force," nuclear strike by the introduction of equipment is also the practice of its kind in the world for the first time.
Performance Comments: seemingly cover a variety of needs
Su-30MKI fighter jets: the third generation of Russian-made fighter-bombers, number in the M stands for "versatile", K as the "export", I represents the first letter in India. Compared with the Soviet Union -30M/MK, Su-30MKI's most notable feature is the installation of the canard and advanced thrust-vectoring engines. The engine tail pipe can be 15 degrees up and down adjustment of the deflection, the aircraft can make a lot of unconventional aerial maneuvers. The aircraft is equipped with 12 plug-in points, the maximum weapons load of 8 tons, the maximum level flight speed of 2125 km / h, service ceiling 17,500 m, range 3200 km, combat radius of 1,400 kilometers.
LCA: India's self-developed single-seat, single all-weather multi-light aircraft, taking the key components, including engines, including all the way from abroad, the French, to help U.S. companies, and mass production until 2015. According to India's vision, LCA will develop general-purpose, Navy, and two-seat trainer, but prospects uncertain.
Il-78 tanker: used for aerial refueling also be used as a transport, or delivery of fuel to the airport emergency maneuver. It uses three-point refueling system, while three aircraft refueling, refueling flight speed 430 ~ 590 km / hour. Its maximum capacity of 65 tons for oil, oil supply 30 tons of air refueling activities at a radius of 2,500 km oil 60 tons of air refueling activities at a radius of 1000 km.
"Phalcon" AWACS: Israeli airborne early warning radar and the Russian Il-76 a combination of "Phalcon" is "a positive angle airborne L-band phased array radar," the abbreviation, was jointly developed by Israel Aircraft Company. Aircraft detection radius of 350 km, capable of 360 degrees around the machine cover, which can track 100 targets. It has a tactical air ground surveillance, early warning, command and control and intelligence for other functions, is the world's one of the most advanced early warning aircraft.
"Sky" air defense missiles: India's self-developed medium-range air defense missile, also called "Akash" missile defense. The missile normal aerodynamic layout, the flight speed of Mach 2.5, the maximum range of 25-30 km, the maximum shot high 18,000 meters, to attack the flight speed of 600 m / sec of air targets, can carry and launch three missiles, launchers can 360-degree target, after finding the target response rate of 15 seconds. The radar can simultaneously track 64 targets and 12 missiles to provide target indication.
S-300V surface to air missile weapons systems: development and production of the Russian air defense missile weapon system. It against the target speed range of 3000 m / s or less, the maximum killing range tactical ballistic missiles of 40 km, the minimum distance of 13 km and killing 6 to 8 km, the maximum operational altitude of 25 km, the minimum operational altitude of 0.2 km. Aerodynamics of aircraft and other targets of the maximum distance of 100 km destruction, the maximum operational altitude of 30 km, the minimum operational altitude of 25 meters. Single shot kill probability of 60% of high-altitude, low-altitude 80% to 90%. Interval of 1.5 seconds the missile launch, missile launch preparation time is 15 seconds.
Short board focus: the lack of R & D capabilities
"Bought modern" taste How? Perhaps only one in the stand by the people to know personally tasted. Outsiders can only crashes from time to time in the news all the bitter smell of the Indian Air Force. A recent news is that on August 4 this year, the Indian Air Force a "Jaguar" fighter crashed. This is also the Indian Air Force in 3 days 2 fighter jets crash. On August 2, Indian Air Force a "MiG-21" crashed in the northwestern state of Rajasthan. Last year, the Indian Air Force, a total of 10 various types of "MiG" aircraft crash occurred.
If some of the elongated line of sight, the data is even more shocking. U.S. data show that the relevant agencies, early 1990s, the early 21st century, non-combat state in the Indian Air Force lost more than 200 or more military aircraft. Accidents occurred mainly in combat aircraft, especially in the Indian Air Force MiG-21 fleet the largest even worse.
Indian Air Force crashes frequently behind the surface by mechanical failure and human manipulation of misconduct, but the industry is the main reason that the Indian Air Force aircraft and numerous "foreign platter", stretching the locomotive "security chain", the shortage of spare parts , causing the aircraft with the problem of frequent failure to heaven. Hurricane assault-style "bought modernization", not only to pass up, even more confused the road of independent innovation.
There is no innovation, only what to buy and what art to buy anything, the results of the Indian Air Force aircraft types can only be introduced more and more complex, the required logistical support, supporting more complex engineering facilities, the security is in a vicious cycle. For the Indian Air Force, the future way to go is the introduction, digestion, absorption, increase their own R & D efforts to develop proprietary models more appropriate. The lessons of the Indian Air Force gives inspiration: "bought modernization" is not reliable!
Indian arms of foreign-made accident-prone warning: Ocean Platter is not reliable
Abstract: As the small domestic equipment, most of the Indian Air Force's main battle equipment purchased from the military powers, called the multi-national weapons "Platter." "Bought modern" taste How? Perhaps only one in the stand by the people to know personally tasted. Outsiders can only crashes from time to time in the news all the bitter smell of the Indian Air Force.
News Tips
Recently, the Indian Air Force thrown tens of billions of "arms purchase orders," attracted world attention. As the South Asian subcontinent into the jet age of the first Air Force, Indian Air Force since the 1970s since formed their own operational theory, emphasis on "preemptive" offensive operations.
In recent years, the Indian Air Force active and Russia, the United States, France, Britain, Israel and other countries of military aviation equipment and technology exchanges and cooperation, the Indian Air Force has become the desire to accelerate the "world power" an important strategic objectives chips. Indian Air Force to go "buy a modern" way in the end by not fly, attracted worldwide media attention.
Main equipment: multi-national weapons "Platter"
As the small domestic equipment, most of the Indian Air Force's main battle equipment purchased from the military powers, called the multi-national weapons "Platter."
According to public information, the Indian Air Force equipment of various types of aircraft / helicopters, more than 1,400 aircraft, including combat aircraft, about 850 aircraft, helicopters, about 190. There are MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-27, MiG-29, Su-30MKI, "Jaguar", Mirage-2000H aircraft and Mi -25, and Mi-17 Mi-35 helicopters. Also equipped with "Canberra", MiG-25R MiG-25U model type and combat reconnaissance and electronic reconnaissance, maritime surveillance and measuring machines, "Phalcon" early warning aircraft, Il-78 aerial tanker. In addition, the Indian Air Force is planning the introduction of Russian-made Tu-22M3 strategic bombers.
Air Force major airborne weapons include: "Brahmos", X-31, AS-30 and other types of ground missiles and AM-39 "flying fish" and "Sea Hawk" air-to-ship missiles, AA-2, AA-12, "Magic" R550-type and other air to air missiles, and TV-guided bombs.
There are Soviet-made air defense equipment SA-3B, SA-8B, SA-16 and Indian-made "Sky" air defense missiles. Also equipped with Russian-made S-300V air defense missile system launchers, planning and self-made "Sky," composed of anti-tactical ballistic missile system. L70-and anti-aircraft guns are ZU-23-2 / 4 type anti-aircraft guns. Radar equipment are legal THD-1955, FRS-2215 type, Russian-made P-12, P-40 type, etc., domestic PSM-33 type and other high-altitude detection radar, and other low-altitude radars.
Equipment Source: "Small change" + "great buy"
In the 21st century, the Indian Air Force, the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and France imported most of the main equipment essential to reach the maximum service life, take 2 / 3 of the main equipment of the second generation, once laid off, will face a severe "shortage of machines." Therefore, India's second generation of the huge improvements at the same time, begin the introduction of new third-generation fighters, the introduction of production line assembly of the Russian Su-30MKI fighter aircraft, co-production of fourth generation fighter.
Small change: The most active tapping the potential transformation of modern aircraft. Indian Air Force introduced parts, replacement aircraft for the active active phased array radar and new engines, the aircraft life extension. For example, the MiG-21 fighter aircraft by radar facelift, new head-mounted display and medium-range air to air missiles, the installation of new electronic warfare system, renamed the MiG-21 "Maverick." MiG-27S, "Jaguar" strike aircraft, Mirage-2000H and so extending the body through the transformation of life.
Big buy: in the use of foreign parts, while upgrading the Air Force weapons development will to introduce the main, in addition to a small aircraft equipped with self-LCA, India's second generation will have a huge fleet to be replaced. In 2009, the Indian fighter throws a procurement plan, through an international tender procurement of 126 medium multi-role fighter aircraft, worth $ 11 billion. Present the basic models locked in French "Rafale" and European "Typhoon" two models. India will usher in the sky summit of foreign fighters and equipment.
Dress in the multi-role fighter, while the fourth-generation fighters of India also continued to buy approach. Last October, Russia, India decided to purchase 250-300 advanced stealth fighter, Russia will provide India with this group of fifth-generation fighter aircraft and 45 multi-role transport aircraft. Developed in cooperation between Russia and India the fifth-generation T-50 aircraft, will enter service in 2015.
"Strategic Air Force": to build space-based nuclear forces
Currently, the Indian Army is planning to be equipped with 40 fighter jets to nuclear attack. Mirage-2000H, Su-30MKI and the "Jaguar" fighters are candidate models. Which, to range far, a large load of selected Su-30MKI is most likely. "Nuclear Force" after forming, has been in service with the "Earth", "Agni" series of land-based ballistic missiles, "body count"-class nuclear submarines and submarine-launched ballistic missiles with the matching, so that India initially have a "trinity" of nuclear strike force.
To improve the projection from the space-based nuclear weapons, India is working to create the Indian version of "nuclear Tomahawk" - a range of up to 1,000 km "Fearless" long-range cruise missiles. India and Russia jointly developed the "Brahmos" cruise missile is more mature, have the potential to carry nuclear warheads, but to buy the aircraft forming a "strategic air force," nuclear strike by the introduction of equipment is also the practice of its kind in the world for the first time.
Performance Comments: seemingly cover a variety of needs
Su-30MKI fighter jets: the third generation of Russian-made fighter-bombers, number in the M stands for "versatile", K as the "export", I represents the first letter in India. Compared with the Soviet Union -30M/MK, Su-30MKI's most notable feature is the installation of the canard and advanced thrust-vectoring engines. The engine tail pipe can be 15 degrees up and down adjustment of the deflection, the aircraft can make a lot of unconventional aerial maneuvers. The aircraft is equipped with 12 plug-in points, the maximum weapons load of 8 tons, the maximum level flight speed of 2125 km / h, service ceiling 17,500 m, range 3200 km, combat radius of 1,400 kilometers.
LCA: India's self-developed single-seat, single all-weather multi-light aircraft, taking the key components, including engines, including all the way from abroad, the French, to help U.S. companies, and mass production until 2015. According to India's vision, LCA will develop general-purpose, Navy, and two-seat trainer, but prospects uncertain.
Il-78 tanker: used for aerial refueling also be used as a transport, or delivery of fuel to the airport emergency maneuver. It uses three-point refueling system, while three aircraft refueling, refueling flight speed 430 ~ 590 km / hour. Its maximum capacity of 65 tons for oil, oil supply 30 tons of air refueling activities at a radius of 2,500 km oil 60 tons of air refueling activities at a radius of 1000 km.
"Phalcon" AWACS: Israeli airborne early warning radar and the Russian Il-76 a combination of "Phalcon" is "a positive angle airborne L-band phased array radar," the abbreviation, was jointly developed by Israel Aircraft Company. Aircraft detection radius of 350 km, capable of 360 degrees around the machine cover, which can track 100 targets. It has a tactical air ground surveillance, early warning, command and control and intelligence for other functions, is the world's one of the most advanced early warning aircraft.
"Sky" air defense missiles: India's self-developed medium-range air defense missile, also called "Akash" missile defense. The missile normal aerodynamic layout, the flight speed of Mach 2.5, the maximum range of 25-30 km, the maximum shot high 18,000 meters, to attack the flight speed of 600 m / sec of air targets, can carry and launch three missiles, launchers can 360-degree target, after finding the target response rate of 15 seconds. The radar can simultaneously track 64 targets and 12 missiles to provide target indication.
S-300V surface to air missile weapons systems: development and production of the Russian air defense missile weapon system. It against the target speed range of 3000 m / s or less, the maximum killing range tactical ballistic missiles of 40 km, the minimum distance of 13 km and killing 6 to 8 km, the maximum operational altitude of 25 km, the minimum operational altitude of 0.2 km. Aerodynamics of aircraft and other targets of the maximum distance of 100 km destruction, the maximum operational altitude of 30 km, the minimum operational altitude of 25 meters. Single shot kill probability of 60% of high-altitude, low-altitude 80% to 90%. Interval of 1.5 seconds the missile launch, missile launch preparation time is 15 seconds.
Short board focus: the lack of R & D capabilities
"Bought modern" taste How? Perhaps only one in the stand by the people to know personally tasted. Outsiders can only crashes from time to time in the news all the bitter smell of the Indian Air Force. A recent news is that on August 4 this year, the Indian Air Force a "Jaguar" fighter crashed. This is also the Indian Air Force in 3 days 2 fighter jets crash. On August 2, Indian Air Force a "MiG-21" crashed in the northwestern state of Rajasthan. Last year, the Indian Air Force, a total of 10 various types of "MiG" aircraft crash occurred.
If some of the elongated line of sight, the data is even more shocking. U.S. data show that the relevant agencies, early 1990s, the early 21st century, non-combat state in the Indian Air Force lost more than 200 or more military aircraft. Accidents occurred mainly in combat aircraft, especially in the Indian Air Force MiG-21 fleet the largest even worse.
Indian Air Force crashes frequently behind the surface by mechanical failure and human manipulation of misconduct, but the industry is the main reason that the Indian Air Force aircraft and numerous "foreign platter", stretching the locomotive "security chain", the shortage of spare parts , causing the aircraft with the problem of frequent failure to heaven. Hurricane assault-style "bought modernization", not only to pass up, even more confused the road of independent innovation.
There is no innovation, only what to buy and what art to buy anything, the results of the Indian Air Force aircraft types can only be introduced more and more complex, the required logistical support, supporting more complex engineering facilities, the security is in a vicious cycle. For the Indian Air Force, the future way to go is the introduction, digestion, absorption, increase their own R & D efforts to develop proprietary models more appropriate. The lessons of the Indian Air Force gives inspiration: "bought modernization" is not reliable!
