That is debatable. The language has a similar construct - however Hindi employs sanskrit words and Urdu Employs words from a bunch of languages like Farsi, Arabic and a little from all regional languages of Pakistan... and Sanskrit words are kosher too - although uncommon and considered unsophisticated when spoken in a general setting - however in literary circles its normal.
The male and female of words is different in some cases too:
Urdu: Mera Imtihaan hai
Hindi: Meri Pariksha hai.
That's exactly why .. and above is a good example, why people who understand Hindi, understand Urdu, and vice versa.
But, English is entirely different.
English: It is my exam.
(unless you tweak your eyes, and start seeing similarities between "mera / meri" and "my" .. and rest everything is way too different).
And comparison with chinese or korean or japanese .. will be ludicrous to compare.
On the other hand, Punjabi is also sooo.. close to Hindi / Urudu:
Punjabi: Meri preeksha haigi.
And btw.. recently there was a famous hindi serial on DD, called "Imtihaan". Feel free to call in an "urdu serial", and you'll understand all of it completely, if you know urdu.