@ayesha.a How Hindus survived as an overwhelming majority at the end of this very long Muslim rule in India if there were systemic forced conversion and killing of Hindus? I am not denying there would be some forced conversion and some crimes against humanity which all rulers in past did for political power as aurangzeb even killed her own blood relatives and so did ashoka but dont buy all BS you hear from Hinduvata
You have raised a very important question and I hope yourself as well as all Indians learn how the Hindus managed to keep their religion alebit with some damage, in spite of the barbaric and uncivilized nature of the mughal attacks on their country and the muslim and christian attacks on their religion.
I think the answers are several factor working in combination:
1) The intrinsic strength of what we call Hinduism lies not in its million rituals but in underlying principled philosophies. These are practiced and taught at the family uniit level, knowingly or unknowingly and thus the children internalize them. The millions of stories that kids hear from the epics are simply reinforcements
2) The concept of idol worship may also have contributed significantly. When a temple is shattered by some hooligan, the Hindus did not lose faith or heart - they could go to their little shrine at home, or the idol they had hidden away and get psychologically treated and rejuvenated! The invaders did get the material wealth stored in the temples
3) The primary objectives of the invaders were more to do with occupation, power and wealth rather than conversion. They used conversion as a power play and punishment rather than actually wanting to expand islam. As it happens with any punishment, some people gave in and converted, some withstood it and others simply paid their way out of it. Paying could be in terms of money or just working without rebelling.
4) From time to time Hindu seers appeared and kept the spirit of the dharma alive and in public conscience. The invaders tried their best to kill these off but more kept appearing
In the ultimate analysis, one has to admire the will and strength of the Hindu in enduring and overcoming thes dark forces of invasion and slavery.