Sinnerman108
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Please tell me , what does BeiDou mean ?
China Space Military：Recon, Satcom, Navi, ASAT/BMD, Orbital Vehicle, SLV, etc.
- Thread starter kvLin
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Please tell me , what does BeiDou mean ?
TaiShang
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Literal meaning?
北斗：Great dipper; you know, the seven stars used as a navigation tool. Beidou is also called "compass."
Official Name in Chinese: 北斗卫星导航系统 - Beidou Satellite Navigation System 。
艹艹艹
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Ursa Major
Nan Yang
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The two stars on the right lines up and points towards the north star. Used by navigator throughout history. The north star is directly above the north Pole. Its the only star that does not move relative to the earth.
Sinnerman108
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Ahhhhh ... does it have cultural significance in China too ?
Can you please point me to some good sources where I can learn about the influence of the great dipper in Chinese culture ?
艹艹艹
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First of all，the beidou（北斗） is composed of seven stars, it is shaped like a spoon, which belongs to a part of the constellation Ursa major.
There were four great inventions in ancient China: gunpowder, printing, paper making and compass.
The earliest compass in China was called “Si Nan”（司南）, about 2000 years ago.
The shape of the “si nan” is a spoon made of magnetite.
about “si nan”（司南）
http://www.cultural-china.com/chinaWH/html/en/Kaleidoscope2bye9.html
Si Nan is China's earliest south-north direction-pointing device invented in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period. The word "Si" means "pointing to" and "Nan" means "the South". As early as more than 2,000 years ago, the Chinese discovered that a type of mountain stone was magnetic and they called it "magnetic stone". The stone was polished and chiseled into the shape of a dipper, which was placed on a mirror-smooth bronze board carved with patterns indicating directions. When the magnetic dipper on the board stops turning, the handle of the dipper will point to the exact south, with the other end pointing to the exact north. This is Si Nan, the world's earliest direction-pointing device invented by the Chinese.
About Beidou（北斗） culture also involves Taoism culture and Confucian culture, you can find some information about it
Nan Yang
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Russia, China Making Progress in Synchronization of GLONASS, BeiDou Systems
Russia and China have achieved a significant progress in the synchronization of GLONASS and BeiDou navigation systems, Roscosmos head Igor Komarov said Monday.
"We have achieved a considerable progress in the field of cooperation... on the harmonization and synchronization of GLONASS and BeiDou systems. All contracts have been signed, and the work is proceeding.
There are prospects, there is great interest on the part of the partners in different fields: the engines, the joint development of launch vehicles, manned space programs, conducting of experiments at the low-Earth orbit," Komarov told Kommersant newspaper in an interview.
In May 2015, China and Russia signed the BeiDou-Glonass system compatibility and interoperability cooperation agreement, marking a new stage of navigation cooperation between the two countries.
The GLONASS project, which was launched in 1993, is operated by the Russian Aerospace Forces and consists of 27 satellites, 24 of which are operational.
The system allows real-time positioning and speed data for surface, sea and airborne objects around the world. BeiDou currently provides navigation services within China and the neighboring regions.
After completion, the project would become an equivalent of GPS, Glonass and Europe's Galileo.
High-Precision System for Real-Time Navigation Data of GLONASS Ready for Service
The new high precision system is designed for civilian purposes and will allow to determine real-time geographical location with precision of up to 1 foot. It allows monitoring during geodetic, cartographic and other scientific works demanding high precision information from navigation satellite systems.
"State tests of the functional augmentation to GLONASS system have been completed. The first stage of the system ... is ready to be put into operation by the Russian scientific-production enterprise Precision Instrument-Making (SPP)," Roscosmos said. The system was developed within the frameworks of the federal program GLONASS Sustainment, Development and Use for 2012-2020.
http://www.gpsdaily.com/reports/Rus...ronization_of_GLONASS_BeiDou_Systems_999.html
Russia and China have achieved a significant progress in the synchronization of GLONASS and BeiDou navigation systems, Roscosmos head Igor Komarov said Monday.
"We have achieved a considerable progress in the field of cooperation... on the harmonization and synchronization of GLONASS and BeiDou systems. All contracts have been signed, and the work is proceeding.
There are prospects, there is great interest on the part of the partners in different fields: the engines, the joint development of launch vehicles, manned space programs, conducting of experiments at the low-Earth orbit," Komarov told Kommersant newspaper in an interview.
In May 2015, China and Russia signed the BeiDou-Glonass system compatibility and interoperability cooperation agreement, marking a new stage of navigation cooperation between the two countries.
The GLONASS project, which was launched in 1993, is operated by the Russian Aerospace Forces and consists of 27 satellites, 24 of which are operational.
The system allows real-time positioning and speed data for surface, sea and airborne objects around the world. BeiDou currently provides navigation services within China and the neighboring regions.
After completion, the project would become an equivalent of GPS, Glonass and Europe's Galileo.
High-Precision System for Real-Time Navigation Data of GLONASS Ready for Service
The new high precision system is designed for civilian purposes and will allow to determine real-time geographical location with precision of up to 1 foot. It allows monitoring during geodetic, cartographic and other scientific works demanding high precision information from navigation satellite systems.
"State tests of the functional augmentation to GLONASS system have been completed. The first stage of the system ... is ready to be put into operation by the Russian scientific-production enterprise Precision Instrument-Making (SPP)," Roscosmos said. The system was developed within the frameworks of the federal program GLONASS Sustainment, Development and Use for 2012-2020.
http://www.gpsdaily.com/reports/Rus...ronization_of_GLONASS_BeiDou_Systems_999.html
onebyone
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China says tests of Propellentless EMDrive on Tiangong 2 space station were successful
china, controversial, emdrive, propulsion, science, space, technology
Dr. Chen Yue, Director of Commercial Satellite Technology for the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) announced on December 10, 2016 that not only has China successfully tested EmDrives technology in its laboratories, but that a proof-of-concept is currently undergoing zero-g testing in orbit (according to the International Business Times, this test is taking place on the Tiangong 2 space station).
Scientists with the China Academy of Space Technology claim NASA’s results ‘re-confirm’ what they’d already achieved, and have plans to implement it in satellites ‘as quickly as possible.’
‘The establishment of an experimental verification platform to complete the milli-level micro thrust measurement test, as well as several years of repeated experiments and investigations into corresponding interference factors, confirm that in this type of thruster, thrust exists.’
Cast is a subsidiary of the Chinese Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) and the manufacturer of Dong Fang Hong satellites.
According to Li Feng, chief designer of Cast’s communication satellite division, the team has built a prototype that so far generates just a few millinewtons of thrust, IBTimes UK reports.
A chinese language paper posted the successful chinese tests of the Emdrive
Successful propellentless Emdrive is tests in microgravity in space would be conclusive and definitive.
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 1 G you need about 100,000 Newtons
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 0.01 G you need 1,000 Newtons
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 0.0001 G you need 10 Newtons
With a good nuclear reactor, a high energy consumption Emdrive could be powered for decades.
It would take 100 weeks at 0.01G acceleration to get to 1.95% of light speed.
SOURCES - IBTimes UK, Popular Science, Digital paper Stdaily, youtube
china, controversial, emdrive, propulsion, science, space, technology
Dr. Chen Yue, Director of Commercial Satellite Technology for the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST) announced on December 10, 2016 that not only has China successfully tested EmDrives technology in its laboratories, but that a proof-of-concept is currently undergoing zero-g testing in orbit (according to the International Business Times, this test is taking place on the Tiangong 2 space station).
Scientists with the China Academy of Space Technology claim NASA’s results ‘re-confirm’ what they’d already achieved, and have plans to implement it in satellites ‘as quickly as possible.’
‘The establishment of an experimental verification platform to complete the milli-level micro thrust measurement test, as well as several years of repeated experiments and investigations into corresponding interference factors, confirm that in this type of thruster, thrust exists.’
Cast is a subsidiary of the Chinese Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) and the manufacturer of Dong Fang Hong satellites.
According to Li Feng, chief designer of Cast’s communication satellite division, the team has built a prototype that so far generates just a few millinewtons of thrust, IBTimes UK reports.
A chinese language paper posted the successful chinese tests of the Emdrive
Successful propellentless Emdrive is tests in microgravity in space would be conclusive and definitive.
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 1 G you need about 100,000 Newtons
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 0.01 G you need 1,000 Newtons
If you had a ten ton spacecraft. To accelerate at 0.0001 G you need 10 Newtons
With a good nuclear reactor, a high energy consumption Emdrive could be powered for decades.
It would take 100 weeks at 0.01G acceleration to get to 1.95% of light speed.
SOURCES - IBTimes UK, Popular Science, Digital paper Stdaily, youtube
JSCh
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China Focus: China launches satellite to monitor global carbon emissions
Source: Xinhua | 2016-12-22 04:06:24 | Editor: huaxia
The Long March-2D rocket carrying a carbon dioxide monitoring satellite blasts off from the launch pad at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Jiuquan, northwest China's Gansu Province, Nov. 22, 2016. This was the 243rd mission of the Long March series rockets. Besides TanSat, the rocket also carried a high-resolution micro-nano satellite and two spectrum micro-nano satellites for agricultural and forestry monitoring. (Xinhua/Ren Hui)
By Xinhua writer Yu Fei
JIUQUAN, Dec. 22 (Xinhua) -- China launched a carbon dioxide monitoring satellite via a Long March-2D rocket from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's Gobi Desert at 3:22 a.m. Thursday.
China is the third country after Japan and the United States to monitor greenhouse gases through its own satellite.
The 620-kg satellite TanSat was sent into a sun synchronous orbit about 700 kilometers above the earth and will monitor the concentration, distribution and flow of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, said Yin Zengshan, chief designer of TanSat at the Chinese Academy of Sciences micro-satellite research institute.
The satellite will help understanding of climate change and provide China's policy makers with independent data.
On a three-year mission, TanSat will thoroughly examine global CO2 levels every 16 days, accurate to at least 4 ppm (parts per million).
This was the 243rd mission of the Long March series rockets. Besides TanSat, the rocket also carried a high-resolution micro-nano satellite and two spectrum micro-nano satellites for agricultural and forestry monitoring.
FIRST-HAND DATA
The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased from 280 ppm to 400 ppm over the past 150 years, leading to an increase in average global temperatures of about 0.7 degrees Celsius over the last century, according to Lu Naimeng, TanSat chief scientist.
The new satellite will enable China to obtain emissions data first-hand and share it with researchers worldwide, Yin said.
The Paris Agreement on climate change came into force on Nov. 4, with more than 100 countries committed to reducing their carbon emissions. The satellite can trace the sources of greenhouse gases and help evaluate whether countries are fulfilling their commitments. TanSat means a louder voice for China on climate change, carbon reduction and in negotiations with a bigger say on carbon trading.
Research on the CO2 flow will improve understanding of the carbon cycle, generate more accurate and reliable predictions of climate change.
China's CO2 emissions are to peak around 2030, with emissions per unit of GDP cut by 60 percent of 2005 levels by the same date.
A national carbon trading market will open next year.
WORLDWIDE SCOPE
Many countries are reducing emissions, but calculating how much they are actually doing is difficult. Ground-based monitoring cannot collect accurate data on a global scale, so satellites offer the best means of measuring CO2. Japan and the United States have their own monitoring satellites, but two are far from enough to assess the whole world.
"Since only the United States and Japan have carbon-monitoring satellites, it is hard for us to see first-hand data," said Zhang Peng, TanSat application system commander and vice director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center.
"Before, all our data came from ground stations. That kind of data is both local and limited, and does not cover the oceans," Zhang said.
"The satellite has worldwide scope and will improve data collection. Observing atmospheric CO2 by satellite demands cutting-edge technology, so TanSat is a major technological achievement for China," Zhang said.
"We hope TanSat will work with carbon-monitoring satellites of other countries and provide ample data for studying climate change," said Li Jiahong, chief engineer of the National Remote Sensing Center.
Researchers took almost six years to develop TanSat and its high-resolution CO2 detector.
"The TanSat has very good "vision," and can distinguish changes in atmospheric CO2 as small as 1 percent," said Yin. Cloud and aerosol detectors minimize interference, making observations more accurate.
The satellite has different modes for observing oceans and land, and can constantly adjust its orientation and position. To ensure the accuracy of TanSat, six ground-based observation stations will calibrate and examine observational data.
"We can now collect carbon data from all over the world, all year round, and record the carbon contributed by both developed countries and the developing countries," said Lin Chao who was involved in developing the detectors.
"As for China, we can have detailed analysis on emissions in different regions, provinces and cities, thanks to the satellite," said Lin.
Source: Xinhua | 2016-12-22 04:06:24 | Editor: huaxia
By Xinhua writer Yu Fei
JIUQUAN, Dec. 22 (Xinhua) -- China launched a carbon dioxide monitoring satellite via a Long March-2D rocket from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China's Gobi Desert at 3:22 a.m. Thursday.
China is the third country after Japan and the United States to monitor greenhouse gases through its own satellite.
The 620-kg satellite TanSat was sent into a sun synchronous orbit about 700 kilometers above the earth and will monitor the concentration, distribution and flow of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, said Yin Zengshan, chief designer of TanSat at the Chinese Academy of Sciences micro-satellite research institute.
The satellite will help understanding of climate change and provide China's policy makers with independent data.
On a three-year mission, TanSat will thoroughly examine global CO2 levels every 16 days, accurate to at least 4 ppm (parts per million).
This was the 243rd mission of the Long March series rockets. Besides TanSat, the rocket also carried a high-resolution micro-nano satellite and two spectrum micro-nano satellites for agricultural and forestry monitoring.
FIRST-HAND DATA
The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere has increased from 280 ppm to 400 ppm over the past 150 years, leading to an increase in average global temperatures of about 0.7 degrees Celsius over the last century, according to Lu Naimeng, TanSat chief scientist.
The new satellite will enable China to obtain emissions data first-hand and share it with researchers worldwide, Yin said.
The Paris Agreement on climate change came into force on Nov. 4, with more than 100 countries committed to reducing their carbon emissions. The satellite can trace the sources of greenhouse gases and help evaluate whether countries are fulfilling their commitments. TanSat means a louder voice for China on climate change, carbon reduction and in negotiations with a bigger say on carbon trading.
Research on the CO2 flow will improve understanding of the carbon cycle, generate more accurate and reliable predictions of climate change.
China's CO2 emissions are to peak around 2030, with emissions per unit of GDP cut by 60 percent of 2005 levels by the same date.
A national carbon trading market will open next year.
WORLDWIDE SCOPE
Many countries are reducing emissions, but calculating how much they are actually doing is difficult. Ground-based monitoring cannot collect accurate data on a global scale, so satellites offer the best means of measuring CO2. Japan and the United States have their own monitoring satellites, but two are far from enough to assess the whole world.
"Since only the United States and Japan have carbon-monitoring satellites, it is hard for us to see first-hand data," said Zhang Peng, TanSat application system commander and vice director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center.
"Before, all our data came from ground stations. That kind of data is both local and limited, and does not cover the oceans," Zhang said.
"The satellite has worldwide scope and will improve data collection. Observing atmospheric CO2 by satellite demands cutting-edge technology, so TanSat is a major technological achievement for China," Zhang said.
"We hope TanSat will work with carbon-monitoring satellites of other countries and provide ample data for studying climate change," said Li Jiahong, chief engineer of the National Remote Sensing Center.
Researchers took almost six years to develop TanSat and its high-resolution CO2 detector.
"The TanSat has very good "vision," and can distinguish changes in atmospheric CO2 as small as 1 percent," said Yin. Cloud and aerosol detectors minimize interference, making observations more accurate.
The satellite has different modes for observing oceans and land, and can constantly adjust its orientation and position. To ensure the accuracy of TanSat, six ground-based observation stations will calibrate and examine observational data.
"We can now collect carbon data from all over the world, all year round, and record the carbon contributed by both developed countries and the developing countries," said Lin Chao who was involved in developing the detectors.
"As for China, we can have detailed analysis on emissions in different regions, provinces and cities, thanks to the satellite," said Lin.
Two Chinese astronauts, or taikonauts, are currently aboard an experimental space station.
Tiangong 2, also known as the Heavenly Palace, is the second laboratory to be launched by the world's second-largest economy, and on its decks the dedicated duo will conduct experiments aimed at creating a permanent space station by 2022.
As China’s extraterrestrial ambitions lift off, here’s a numerical look at the country’s past, present and future in space.
20 – The number of passengers a state-backed space plane hopes to carry to the edge of space – at an estimated cost of $200,000 to $250,000 for a ticket.
30 – The number of days the taikonauts are planning to spend aboard Tiangong 2, making it China’s longest manned mission to space.
$6.1 billion – According to the OECD, this was China’s space budget in 2013. It's still some way behind US spending, as this chart shows.
2020 – The year by which China is planning to launch a rover to Mars. In December 2013, the country landed Chang’e 3 and its rover, Yutu, on the moon. It was the third country to perform a soft landing on the moon's surface.
2022 – By 2022, China plans to have a fully operational space station.
ahojunk
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BeiDou navigation improves city management
2016-12-18 11:15 | Xinhua | Editor: Mo Hong'e
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has helped 317 cities improve services in multiple industries, according to the GNSS and LBS Association of China (GLAC).
BDS, independently developed and operated by China, has been applied to improve basic public infrastructure and city management, including heat supply, electricity, water supply, pipeline drainage, transportation and elder care, said Wang Yanyan, a GLAC official.
As the first company to use BDS technology, Beijing Gas has improved its abilities in pipeline examination, gas leakage and emergency response, said Wu Bo, deputy manager of the production and operation division of the company.
The GLAC is a professional non-profit organization in global navigation satellite system applications and location-based services at the national level. It is affiliated with the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China.
2016-12-18 11:15 | Xinhua | Editor: Mo Hong'e
The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has helped 317 cities improve services in multiple industries, according to the GNSS and LBS Association of China (GLAC).
BDS, independently developed and operated by China, has been applied to improve basic public infrastructure and city management, including heat supply, electricity, water supply, pipeline drainage, transportation and elder care, said Wang Yanyan, a GLAC official.
As the first company to use BDS technology, Beijing Gas has improved its abilities in pipeline examination, gas leakage and emergency response, said Wu Bo, deputy manager of the production and operation division of the company.
The GLAC is a professional non-profit organization in global navigation satellite system applications and location-based services at the national level. It is affiliated with the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation of China.
JSCh
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China plans to launch first Mars probe by 2020
Source: Xinhua 2016-12-27 10:09:17
BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- China plans to launch its first Mars probe by 2020 to carry out orbiting and roving exploration, said a white paper released by the State Council Information Office on Tuesday.
"China intends to execute its first Mars exploration operation, and grasp key technologies for orbiting, landing and roving exploration," said the document titled "China's Space Activities in 2016."
It will conduct further studies and key technological research on the bringing back of samples from Mars, asteroid exploration, exploration of the Jupiter system and planet fly-by exploration, according to the white paper.
"When conditions allow, related projects will be implemented to conduct research into major scientific questions such as the origin and evolution of the solar system, and search for extraterrestrial life," it said.
Source: Xinhua 2016-12-27 10:09:17
BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- China plans to launch its first Mars probe by 2020 to carry out orbiting and roving exploration, said a white paper released by the State Council Information Office on Tuesday.
"China intends to execute its first Mars exploration operation, and grasp key technologies for orbiting, landing and roving exploration," said the document titled "China's Space Activities in 2016."
It will conduct further studies and key technological research on the bringing back of samples from Mars, asteroid exploration, exploration of the Jupiter system and planet fly-by exploration, according to the white paper.
"When conditions allow, related projects will be implemented to conduct research into major scientific questions such as the origin and evolution of the solar system, and search for extraterrestrial life," it said.
JSCh
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Link to paper from China National Space Administration,
JSCh
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China to activate heavy-lift launch vehicle project in next five years
Source: Xinhua 2016-12-27 10:14:20
BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- China will activate the heavy-lift launch vehicle project in next five years, said a white paper released by the State Council Information Office on Tuesday.
"Endeavors will be made to research key technologies and further study the plans for developing heavy-lift launch vehicles," said the document titled "China's Space Activities in 2016."
Breakthroughs are expected in key technologies for the overall system, high-thrust liquid oxygen and kerosene engines, and oxygen and hydrogen engines of such launch vehicles.
China will also develop and launch medium-lift launch vehicles which are non-toxic and pollution-free, improve the new-generation launch vehicle family, and enhance their reliability, according to the white paper.
Meanwhile, China will conduct research into the technologies for low-cost launch vehicles, new upper stage and the reusable space transportation system between Earth and low-Earth orbit, it said.
Source: Xinhua 2016-12-27 10:14:20
BEIJING, Dec. 27 (Xinhua) -- China will activate the heavy-lift launch vehicle project in next five years, said a white paper released by the State Council Information Office on Tuesday.
"Endeavors will be made to research key technologies and further study the plans for developing heavy-lift launch vehicles," said the document titled "China's Space Activities in 2016."
Breakthroughs are expected in key technologies for the overall system, high-thrust liquid oxygen and kerosene engines, and oxygen and hydrogen engines of such launch vehicles.
China will also develop and launch medium-lift launch vehicles which are non-toxic and pollution-free, improve the new-generation launch vehicle family, and enhance their reliability, according to the white paper.
Meanwhile, China will conduct research into the technologies for low-cost launch vehicles, new upper stage and the reusable space transportation system between Earth and low-Earth orbit, it said.
cirr
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In Chinese parlance, "activation" means the project will henceforth be fully funded by the State.
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