For the first time we don't have a caliphate for 100 years precisely. There have been other Islamic dynasties with similar stages like you said and it mostly happens when a dynasty has ruled for a long time and kinda fizzles out like a burned out candle light.
Let me give you some good examples: The Spanish islamic dynasty of Al-Andalus they held that area for 700 years and they were slowly and slowly entering art even before the 700 year mark and all the fitna began with the concubines, women, art, poetry and other entertainment elements got in the way and another thing is that they slowly forgot about who they were as time went on.
The Mughal empire is another example and probably one of the wealthiest dynasty to ever exist and major reason why Christoffer Columbus found the Americas it was because of the Mughal dynasty. The wealth of the Mughal empire was well know back in the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries and once Isabella came to power the first thing he did was search for the Mughal empire because they knew about their ridiculous amount of treasures and wealth they sailed towards India but they ended up in the Americas finding the new world and that is why they called the natives indians. The elite of Europe admired the Mughal empire for their wealth and they knew that via Al-andaldus. They lasted way to longer then they needed approx. 331 years with only one family lineage and they got into all the mahal buildings, poetry, dancing etc etc.
Same thing happened to other long lasting muslim dynasties like Mamlukis, Abbasids, Ayyubids, Delhi Sultanate, Seljuks, Umayyad Caliphate and even the Ghaznavids (Iranian Sunni dynasty and in fact all of the Iranian dynasties were Sunni until recently they were forced to convert to shia by the safavid and the Safavid dynasty itself were Sunni until the time of the conversion)
The Ottoman empire of All empires that lasted longest 600++ years fell not only to worldly desires but the rise of sufism and around 1800s and 1900s the biggest problem in the muslim world was sufism not only in Turkey but everywhere specifically in India, Pakistan, Iraq, Sham, East Africa and worst of all North Africa and at this point the true creed of Islam had become washed up in the generations that existed in 1800s and 1900s they really forgot about everything and themselves.