This group is so familiar with Educated Muslim, but some how we should once again post this to educate non Muslim PDF and I believe many of ISIS / AQ follower also dont know this group since they are actually not knowledgeable in Islam.
Kharijites (Collective plural
Arabic: الخارجية,
translit. al-Khārijiyyah; multiple plural:
Arabic: خوارج,
translit. Khawārij; singular
Arabic:خارجي,
translit. Khāriji; literally "those who went out")
[1] were a sect in early
Islam that broke into revolt against the authority of
CaliphAli ibn Abu Talib after he agreed to arbitration with his rival
Mu'awiyah to decide the succession to the Caliphate following the
Battle of Siffin (657).
[2]
Khawarij held that "judgement belongs to God alone", and that God would decide succession by determining the victor in battle, whereas arbitration would be decided by men.
[2] They believed that all Muslims, rich or poor, had the same rights, and that any Muslim (not just a
Quraysh or even
Arab) could be the leader of the community (
imam) if they are morally irreproachable, but that if the leader sinned, it was the duty of Muslims to oppose and depose him.
[3][4] The Kharijites developed extreme doctrines that further set them apart from both mainstream Sunni and Shiʿa Muslims. They were particularly noted for adopting a radical approach to
Takfir.[
citation needed]
A Khariji later assassinated Ali, and for hundreds of years the Khawarij were a source of insurrection against the Caliphate.
[3] They survive today in small numbers in more moderate forms.
[3]
Their name come from the fact that they left or "seceded" from Ali's army. They did not call themselves Khawarij, but the
Shurah, (
Arabic: الشراة,
translit. Ash-Shurrā'),
[A] literally meaning "the buyers" and understood within the context of Islamic scripture (
Quran 2:207) and philosophy to mean "those who have traded the mortal life (al-Dunya) for the other life [with God] (al-Aakhirah)".
[3][5]
The name "Khawarij" comes from the Arabic root
خ ر ج (K-R-J), which has the primary meaning “to go out”,
[6][7] as in the basic word
خَرَجُ (
kharaju), meaning "to go out", "to walk out", "to come out" etc.
[8]
The name "Khawarij" comes from the Arabic root
خ ر ج (K-R-J), which has the primary meaning “to go out”,
[6][7] as in the basic word
خَرَجُ (
kharaju), meaning "to go out", "to walk out", "to come out" etc.
[8]
History
Origin
The origin of Kharijism lies in the
first Islamic civil war, the struggle for political supremacy over the Muslim community in the years following the death of the Islamic prophet
Muhammad. One source describes Khawarij as "bedouin nomads" who opposed the "centralization of power in the new Islamic state that curtailed the freedom of their tribal society."
[4] After the third
caliph (
Uthman ibn Affan), a struggle for succession ensued between Caliph
Ali and
Muʿāwiyah, the governor of Syria and cousin of Uthman, in league with a variety of other opponents.
The Khawarij initially supported the authority of
Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, the son-in-law and cousin of the
Islamic prophet Muhammad, but then later rejected his leadership, after he agreed to arbitration with
Mu'awiyah rather than combat to decide the succession to the Caliphate following the
Battle of Siffin (657).
[2]
In 657, Alī's forces met Muʿāwiyah's at the
Battle of Siffin. Initially, the battle went against Muʿāwiyah but on the brink of defeat, Muʿāwiyah directed his army to hoist Qur'āns on their lances.
[9] This initiated discord among some of those who were in Alī's army. Muʿāwiyah wanted to put the dispute between the two sides to arbitration in accordance with the
Qur'an. A group of Alī's army mutinied, demanding that Alī agree to Muʿāwiyah's proposal. As a result, Alī reluctantly presented his own representative for arbitration. The mutineers, however, put forward
Abu Musa al-Ashʿari against Alī's wishes.
Muʿāwiyah put forward
'Amr ibn al-'As. Abu Musa al-Ashʿari was convinced by Amr to pronounce Alī's removal as caliph even though Ali's caliphate was not meant to be the issue of concern in the arbitration. The mutineers saw the turn of events as a fundamental betrayal of principle, especially since they had initiated it; a large group of them repudiated Alī.
Citing the verse "No rule but God's," an indication that a caliph is not a representative of God, this group turned on both Alī and Muʿāwiya, opposing Muʿāwiya's rebellion against one they considered to be the rightful
caliph, and opposing ʻAlī for accepting to subject his legitimate authority to arbitration, thus giving away what was not his, but rather the right of the people. They became known as Kharijites: Arabic plural khawārij, singular
Khārijī, derived from the verb
kharaja "to come out, to exit."
Alī's cousin and a renowned Islamic jurist,
Abdullah ibn Abbas, pointed out the grave theological errors made by the Kharijites in quoting the Qur'an, and managed to persuade a number of Kharijites to return to Alī based on their misinterpretations. ʻAlī defeated the remaining rebels in the
Battle of Nahrawan in 658 but some Kharijites survived.
One of the early Kharijite groups was the
Harouriyyah; it was notable for many reasons, among which was its ruling that a Harūrī,
Abd-al-Rahman ibn Muljam, was the assassin of Caliph Alī.
For hundreds of years the Khawarij continued to be a source of insurrection against the Caliphate.
[3] and they aroused condemnation by mainstream scholars such as 14th-century Muslim Ismail
ibn Kathir who wrote:
If they ever gained strength, they would surely corrupt the whole of the Earth, Iraq and Shaam [Syria] – they would not leave a baby, male or female, neither a man or a woman, because as far as they are concerned the people have caused corruption, a corruption that cannot be rectified except by mass killing.
[10]
Khawarij - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Look how Khawarij killed Ali in the mosque during Ali Bin Abi Thalib praying.
Similar Mentality. And Khawarij comes from Beduin, a Tribe in which even Allah Himself said in Quran that this tribe understanding about Islam is so little.
Quran (surah At-Taubah/9)
9/ verse 97. The Bedouin Arabs are (by nature) more stubborn in unbelief and hypocrisy (than the city-dwellers), and more liable to be unaware of the bounds prescribed by God in what He has sent down on His Messenger. God is All-Knowing (of the nature and state of His servants), All-Wise