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Separatist Insurgencies in India - News and Discussions.

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Here's a NY Times report today about growing Maoist insurgency in India:

India’s Maoist rebels are now present in 20 states and have evolved into a potent and lethal insurgency. In the last four years, the Maoists have killed more than 900 Indian security officers, a figure almost as high as the more than 1,100 members of the coalition forces killed in Afghanistan during the same period.

If the Maoists were once dismissed as a ragtag band of outdated ideologues, Indian leaders are now preparing to deploy nearly 70,000 paramilitary officers for a prolonged counterinsurgency campaign to hunt down the guerrillas in some of the country’s most rugged, isolated terrain.

For India, the widening Maoist insurgency is a moment of reckoning for the country’s democracy and has ignited a sharp debate about where it has failed. In the past, India has tamed some secessionist movements by coaxing rebel groups into the country’s big-tent political process. The Maoists, however, do not want to secede or be absorbed. Their goal is to topple the system.

Once considered Robin Hood figures, the Maoists claim to represent the dispossessed of Indian society, particularly the indigenous tribal groups, who suffer some of the country’s highest rates of poverty, illiteracy and infant mortality. Many intellectuals and even some politicians once sympathized with their cause, but the growing Maoist violence has forced a wrenching reconsideration of whether they can still be tolerated.

“The root of this is dispossession and deprivation,” said Ramachandra Guha, a prominent historian based in Bangalore. “The Maoists are an ugly manifestation of this. This is a serious problem that is not going to disappear.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/01/world/asia/01maoist.html?_r=1

Haq's Musings: Bloody Revolution in India?
 
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Seems to India has a big problem here. Wazirstan isnt close to as huge as area Maoist in India are controlling. What will happen in future ? Will Maoist claim there own country since seems to India can handle them. Soon a new country in Asia called Maoistan or some ting ?

Area Maoist has taken and growing fast.

7791e6c767c244b4e582cf0008cfa197.jpg




By JIM YARDLEY
Published: October 31, 2009
BARSUR, India — At the edge of the Indravati River, hundreds of miles from the nearest international border, India effectively ends. Indian paramilitary officers point machine guns across the water. The dense jungles and mountains on the other side belong to Maoist rebels dedicated to overthrowing the government.

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Keith Bedford for The New York Times
Indigenous women walked to a market in Chattisgarh State, where villagers are caught between the Indian government and Maoist rebels.
“That is their liberated zone,” said P. Bhojak, one of the officers stationed at the river’s edge in this town in the eastern state of Chattisgarh.

Or one piece of it. India’s Maoist rebels are now present in 20 states and have evolved into a potent and lethal insurgency. In the last four years, the Maoists have killed more than 900 Indian security officers, a figure almost as high as the more than 1,100 members of the coalition forces killed in Afghanistan during the same period.

If the Maoists were once dismissed as a ragtag band of outdated ideologues, Indian leaders are now preparing to deploy nearly 70,000 paramilitary officers for a prolonged counterinsurgency campaign to hunt down the guerrillas in some of the country’s most rugged, isolated terrain.

For India, the widening Maoist insurgency is a moment of reckoning for the country’s democracy and has ignited a sharp debate about where it has failed. In the past, India has tamed some secessionist movements by coaxing rebel groups into the country’s big-tent political process. The Maoists, however, do not want to secede or be absorbed. Their goal is to topple the system.

Once considered Robin Hood figures, the Maoists claim to represent the dispossessed of Indian society, particularly the indigenous tribal groups, who suffer some of the country’s highest rates of poverty, illiteracy and infant mortality. Many intellectuals and even some politicians once sympathized with their cause, but the growing Maoist violence has forced a wrenching reconsideration of whether they can still be tolerated.

“The root of this is dispossession and deprivation,” said Ramachandra Guha, a prominent historian based in Bangalore. “The Maoists are an ugly manifestation of this. This is a serious problem that is not going to disappear.”

India’s rapid economic growth has made it an emerging global power but also deepened stark inequalities in society. Maoists accuse the government of trying to push tribal groups off their land to gain access to raw materials and have sabotaged roads, bridges and even an energy pipeline.

If the Maoists’ political goals seem unattainable, analysts warn they will not be easy to uproot, either.

Here in the state of Chattisgarh, Maoists dominate thousands of square miles of territory and have pushed into neighboring states of Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and Maharashtra, part of a so-called Red Corridor stretching across central and eastern India.

Violence erupts almost daily. In the past five years, Maoists have detonated more than 1,000 improvised explosive devices in Chattisgarh. Within the past two weeks, Maoists have burned two schools in Jharkhand, hijacked and later released a passenger train in West Bengal while also carrying out a raid against a West Bengal police station.

Efforts are under way to open peace negotiations, but as yet remain stalemated. With the government offensive drawing closer, the people who feel most at risk are the tribal villagers who live in the forests of Chattisgarh, where the police and Maoists, sometimes called Naxalites, are already skirmishing.

“Earlier,” said one villager, “we used to fear the tigers and wild boars. Now we fear the guns of the Naxalites and the police.”

The counterinsurgency campaign, called Operation Green Hunt, calls for sending police and paramilitary forces into the jungles to confront the Maoists and drive them out of newer footholds toward remote forest areas where they can be contained.

“It may take one year, two years, three years or four,” predicted Vishwa Ranjan, chief of the state police in Chattisgarh, adding that casualties would be inevitable. “There is no zero casualty doctrine,” he said.

Once an area is cleared, the plan also calls for introducing development projects such as roads, bridges and schools in hopes of winning support of the tribal people. Also known as adivasis, they have faced decades of exploitation from local officials, moneylenders and private contractors, numerous government reports have found.

“The adivasis are the group least incorporated into India’s political economy,” said Ashutosh Varshney, an India specialist at Brown University, calling their plight one of the “unfinished quests of Indian democracy.”

The Maoist movement first coalesced after a violent 1967 uprising by local Communists over a land dispute in a West Bengal village known as Naxalbari, hence the name Naxalites.

Some Communists would enter the political system; today, the Communist Party of India (Marxist) is an influential political force that holds power in West Bengal. But others went underground, and by the 1980s, many found sanctuary in Chattisgarh, especially in the region across from the Indravati River known as Abhujmad. From here, the Maoists recruited and trained disgruntled tribal villagers and slowly spread out. For years, the central government regarded them as mostly a nuisance. But in 2004, the movement radicalized, authorities say, when its two dominant wings merged with the more violent Communist Party of India (Maoist).

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Keith Bedford for The New York Times
Indian officers patrolled a forest around their base in Barsur, right on the edge of rebel-controlled territory in Chattisgarh.

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Keith Bedford for The New York Times
A woman stepped over a downed tree in a village in Maharashtra State. Maoist rebels have sabotaged roads in their campaign to topple the government.
Authorities in Chattisgarh then deputized and armed civilian posses, which have been accused by human rights groups of terrorizing innocent villagers and committing atrocities of their own in the name of hunting Maoists. Now, violence is frequent, if unpredictable, like the ambush near the village of Laheri, in Maharashtra State, carried out by the Maoists on Oct. 8.

That morning, following a tip, a police patrol chased two Maoist fighters and stumbled into a trap. Two hundred Maoists with rifles and machine guns lay waiting and opened fire when the officers came into an exposed area of rice paddies. Seventeen officers died, fighting for hours until they ran out of ammunition.

“They surrounded us from every side,” said Ajay Bhushari, 31, who survived the ambush and is now the commanding officer in Laheri. “They were just stronger. They had more people.”

The Maoists felled trees across the only road leading to the village. The police, already wary of using roads because of improvised explosive devices, marched their reinforcements 10 miles through the jungle, arriving too late at the scene.

Officer Bhushari said violence in the area had risen so sharply that the police now left the fortified defenses of their outpost only in large groups, even for social outings. The Maoists also killed 31 police officers from other nearby outposts in attacks in February and May.

“It’s an open jail for us,” he said. “Either we are sitting here, or we are on patrol. There is nothing else.”

About 40 miles from Laheri, a processing plant owned by Essar Steel has been closed for five months. Maoists sabotaged Essar’s 166-mile underground pipeline, which transfers slurry from one of India’s most coveted iron ore deposits to the Bay of Bengal. “I’ve told my management that I’ll take a team and do the repairs,” said S. Ramesh, the project manager for Essar. “But I can’t promise how long it will last.”

The Essar plant is part of broader undertaking by the government and several private mining companies to extract the resources beneath land teeming with guerrillas. Mr. Ramesh said 70 percent of India’s iron ore lay in states infiltrated by Maoists; production in this area is stalled at 16 million tons a year even though the area has the potential to produce 100 million tons.

Mr. Ramesh fretted that India’s growth would be stunted if the country could not exploit its own natural resources. Yet he also cautioned that the counterinsurgency operation was no cure-all. “That alone is not going to help,” he said. “We are not fighting an enemy here. We are fighting citizens.”

With police officers dying in large numbers and Maoists carrying out bolder attacks, the debate around the insurgency has sharpened in India’s intellectual salons and on the opinion pages and talk shows.

The writer Arundhati Roy recently called for unconditional talks and told CNN-IBN that the Maoists were justified in taking up arms because of government oppression. Others who are sympathetic to the plight of the adivasis say the Maoist violence has become intolerable.

“You can’t defend the tactics,” said Mr. Varshney, the Brown University professor. “No modern state can accept attacks on state institutions, even when the state is wrong.”

Local people are caught in the middle. On a recent market day in the village of Palnar, women balancing urns of water on their heads and bare-footed, emaciated men came out of the forests to shop for vegetables, nuts or a ******* fruit fermented to produce local liquor. As peddlers spread their wares over blankets, the nearby government office was locked behind a closed gate.

“It’s a bad situation,” said one villager who asked not to be identified, fearing retribution from both sides. “The Naxalite activities have increased. They have their meetings in the village. They tell the people they have to fight. The people here do not vote out of fear.”

Another man arrived on a motorcycle from a more distant village. Several months ago, the police raided his village and arrested more than a dozen people after accusing them of being collaborators. A few were Maoist sympathizers, the man on the motorcycle said, but most were wrongly swept up in the raid. Now, Operation Green Hunt portends more confrontation.

“Life is very difficult,” the man said. “The Naxalites think we are helping the police. The police think we are helping the Naxalites. We are living in fear over who will kill us first.”
 
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You missed to post link.

Here it is.

And the title is 'Maoist Rebels Widen Deadly Reach Across India '. I think changing title is not allowed in PDF.
 
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Seems to India has a big problem here.

Agreed.

Wazirstan isnt close to as huge as area Maoist in India are controlling.

But Pakistan Army along with US is fighting fiercely with drones and heavy weapons in Warzirstan. On the other hand, India don't need Army to use against Maoists.

What will happen in future ? Will Maoist claim there own country since seems to India can handle them. Soon a new country in Asia called Maoistan or some ting ?

No, it'll be called 'People Republic of India'. :)

Area Maoist has taken and growing fast.

Don't worry brother. Delhi prepares to crush rural rebel army.
 
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The problem is neither as big or as serious as it is being made out to be. To an outsider India must seem like a big mass of disorganised elements - each pulling in their own directions.

In this case, I feel things will not improve beyond a point till the elections in WB anr over & the TMC Govt comes to power defeating the Communists.

There are wheels within wheels - the hall mark of any democracy / Govt. Yet there is no cause for alarm. Law & order is a state subject, there are various pulls at diff levels.
 
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Maoists ready for talks, demand withdrawal of security forces

Faced with an impending security force operation, a top leader of the Maoists on Thursday said they were ready for talks with the Centre provided some of their conditions were met, including withdrawal of paramilitary forces deployed in Naxal-hit States.

Detailing the conditions, top Maoist leader Koteswar Rao alias Kishanji told PTI over phone that the Centre would have to first withdraw paramilitary forces deployed in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and parts of West Bengal and secondly the problems of tribals would have to be treated in a sympathetic way.

“Also both the Centre and the State governments will have to apologise to the tribals for the prolonged torture meted out to them and the consequent suffering from the time of Independence,” Kishanji said. Asked what should be the nature of the apology, Kishanji said without elaborating, “They will have to come to the tribals and apologise.”

Asked about Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s statement on Wednesday in which he referred to the systematic exploitation and social, economic abuse of tribals over the years while emphasising on change of ways of dealing with them in the battle to win their hearts, Kishanji said, “It is nothing but an eyewash”.

Asked to comment on the Centre’s condition that the Maoists should abjure violence and only then it was ready to sit across the table, Kishanji said, “The Centre is killing innocent people in the name of tackling the Maoists and they are asking us to abjure violence, which is ridiculous.”

“The process of talks with the Central government can only begin if there is ceasefire on both sides,” he said.

The Hindu : News / National : Maoists ready for talks, demand withdrawal of security forces
 
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Maoists ready for talks, demand withdrawal of security forces

Faced with an impending security force operation, a top leader of the Maoists on Thursday said they were ready for talks with the Centre provided some of their conditions were met, including withdrawal of paramilitary forces deployed in Naxal-hit States.

Detailing the conditions, top Maoist leader Koteswar Rao alias Kishanji told PTI over phone that the Centre would have to first withdraw paramilitary forces deployed in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Bihar, Jharkhand and parts of West Bengal and secondly the problems of tribals would have to be treated in a sympathetic way.

“Also both the Centre and the State governments will have to apologise to the tribals for the prolonged torture meted out to them and the consequent suffering from the time of Independence,” Kishanji said. Asked what should be the nature of the apology, Kishanji said without elaborating, “They will have to come to the tribals and apologise.”

Asked about Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s statement on Wednesday in which he referred to the systematic exploitation and social, economic abuse of tribals over the years while emphasising on change of ways of dealing with them in the battle to win their hearts, Kishanji said, “It is nothing but an eyewash”.

Asked to comment on the Centre’s condition that the Maoists should abjure violence and only then it was ready to sit across the table, Kishanji said, “The Centre is killing innocent people in the name of tackling the Maoists and they are asking us to abjure violence, which is ridiculous.”

“The process of talks with the Central government can only begin if there is ceasefire on both sides,” he said.

The Hindu : News / National : Maoists ready for talks, demand withdrawal of security forces

Ultra-nationals may not be terrorists, but they can do just as much damage.

India should force the Maoists to surrender.
We need to defeat their ideology, show the tribal what the Indian government can offer them.

This is one war that is not worth winning at the point of the gun.
 
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I hope those in India remeber swat.
You pull your troops out and we will think about talking? sure.

If the Indian army falls for that i have a bridge to sell them.
 
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In this case, I feel things will not improve beyond a point till the elections in WB anr over & the TMC Govt comes to power defeating the Communists.
What if once the communists got defeated in next WB assembly election and they join hands with the maoist to give more trouble to mamatha? Commies like Prakash karat & Yechuri will do anything for power:undecided:
 
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I hope those in India remeber swat.
You pull your troops out and we will think about talking? sure.

If the Indian army falls for that i have a bridge to sell them.

These are not your fanatical terrorists. Who have roamed Pakistan freely until as of late.


The Maoists are ultra-nationals, who don't attack civilians with suicide bombs.
Their quarrel is with the Indian government alone.
most of them have legitimate concerns that need to be addressed.

The ones who don't will simply be eliminated.
 
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I hope those in India remeber swat.
You pull your troops out and we will think about talking? sure.

If the Indian army falls for that i have a bridge to sell them.

In India, the army does what the government tells it to do, so if anyone's going to fall for anything it'll be the GoI not the military.

India does not fear the maoists, there will be no peace deal until they lay down their weapons, its as simple as that. The tribals have genuine grievances but they will not be allowed to challenge the writ of the state. There will never be a 'swat' in India.
 
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No problem is big or serious in the beginning but things usually tend to get out of hand quickly when they reach a certain point.
The Maoists are a genuine threat to the national security of India and same has been acknowledged by the Indian premier as well.

The affected area need not be controlled by the rebels, militants or terrorists to spread chaos, all they need to do is show their presence now and then in order to prove a point or two.
The fact that the area is quite large means that it is that much harder to contain and isolate the rebels.

Are there any notable and influential Maoist Leaders who want to talk to GOI instead of fighting?
Has there been any dialogue and any subsequent development between the GOI and the rebels?
 
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