By 1990, the city of Karachi was on the verge of becoming a second Beirut. The '80s had seen increasing hostility between the Muhajirs(Muslims who migrated from India to Pakistan) and the Sindhis. Around 3,000 deaths had taken place since 1985 in Karachi and the smaller industrial city of Hyderabad. All the ethnic communities of Pakistan had their ghettoes in the city -- the Punjabis, the Sindhis, the Balochs, the Pathans and the Muhajirs. No person trusted the other and violent and bloody street battles had been fought between the Muhajirs and the Sindhis. The army had to be called in and a journalist for The Guardian wrote in a report dated July 16, 1990: "For a week or more, Karachi resembled a ghost city, its citizens too scared or prudent to leave their homes. Now the streets and bazaars are busy again. But, according to the universal testimony, it is not a recovery but a lull.