Declining Enrollment of Indian Muslims in Colleges and Universities

[PradoTLC]

@PradoTLC: Modi's India is real shithole.

The only saving grace is that the government, bad as it is, is local and not Imported.

Regards

just imported with NAZI ideas...

 

[Hero786]

Reservation for lower caste Muslim is needed. This helped the lower caste Hindus.

I never heard, there are any caste issues among Muslims?

 

[wildlens]

I never heard, there are any caste issues among Muslims?

In India there is even among the Christians

 

[surmabhopali]

Declining Enrollment of Indian Muslims in Colleges and Universities

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, acco...

www.southasiainvestor.com

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, according to Indian government data. In the same period, the higher education enrollment in Pakistan has risen about 12%, from 2.7 million to over 3 million. Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.

​

​ Higher Education Enrollment of Muslims in India, Pakistan

While enrollment of Indian Muslims has fallen by 8%, the enrollment of Dalits, Adivasis and OBCs in higher education has increased by 4.2%, 11.9% and 4% respectively compared to 2019-20. The upper caste Hindus have seen the highest jump of 13.6% in enrollment in colleges and universities.

These results are consistent with a 2018 study by three researchers which reported that "Muslims (in India) now have considerably worse upward mobility (29) today than both Scheduled Castes (37.4–37.8) and Scheduled Tribes (32.5–32.7). The comparable figure for African Americans is 34."

The research paper titled "Intergenerational Mobility in India: Estimates from New Methods and Administrative Data" says that "higher caste groups (in India) have experienced constant and high upward mobility over time, a result that contradicts a popular notion that it is increasingly difficult for higher caste Hindus to get ahead".

Dartmouth researchers' analysis focuses on two mobility measures: (i) the expected outcome of a child born into the bottom half of the parent outcome distribution (upward interval mobility, henceforth referred to as upward mobility); and (ii) the expected outcome of a child born into the top half of the parent distribution (downward interval mobility).

​

Indian Muslims at Bottom in Social Mobility. Source: Dartmouth College

Panel A in the above figure presents bounds on trends in upward interval mobility, or the average rank among sons born to fathers in the bottom half of the father education distribution. Panel B presents bounds on trends in downward interval mobility, or the average education rank among sons born to fathers in the top half of the father education distribution. Panel C presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons completing primary school, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution. Panel D presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons attaining a high school degree, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution.

The Dartmouth paper by Sam Asher, Paul Novosad and Charlie Rafkin confirms what an Indian government commission headed by Justice Rajendar Sachar found back in 2006 by saying that "Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006)". Here's an excerpt of the paper:

"India’s Muslims constitute a similar population share as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (14% for Muslims vs. 16.6% for SCs and 14% for STs). Muslims have worse socioeconomic outcomes than the general population (Sachar Committee Report, 2006). While Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006), there are few policies in place to protect them and there has not been an effective political mobilization in their interest. Muslims have also been frequent targets of discrimination and even violence."

The discrimination and violence against Muslims that the paper refers to has only gotten worse since the election of Hindu Nationalist leader Narendra Modi to India's highest office in India in 2014.

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Modi's Extended Lockdown in Indian Occupied Kashmir

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Riaz Haq Youtube Channel

PakAlumni Social Network

Declining Enrollment of Indian Muslims in Colleges and Universities

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, acco...

www.southasiainvestor.com

Dont count illegal floating population of roughly four crore muslims who come and go by their own will from Bangladesh and Nepal.

 

[Cheepek]

No matter how you spin it, you can not escape the fact that the Indian Muslim enrollment is significantly lower and declining.

There are two parts to this 1) Poor enrollment of Muslims in higher education when compared with other population groups and 2) Declining enrollment

For 1st, i.e piss poor focus on education/ higher education is definitely true, & it has got nothing to do with discrimination but personal choices. The government cannot force you to enroll in a college.
That you become a gawar lafanga who whines Mooslim Islam moooslim all day using 300 rupees internet & dreams of 72 hoors after death, or become a productive part of society is entirely your call and no one else's. Similar trends all around the world, India is no outlier.

Now on 2nd, that Muslim enrollment in declining is false, this temporary dip may be due to Covid.
Here is previous year enrollment data of Muslims from the survey:

AISHE 15-16

AISHE 16-17

AISHE 17-18

AISHE 18-19

AISHE 19-20

And, AISHE 20-21 (impacted by Covid)

So clearly, there's no trend of Muslim enrollment declining as you allege.
But since cherry-picking data is your forté, it's understandable.

 

[hussain0216]

It is the individuals responsibility to vie for higher education. There is no one blocking them form entering higher institutions. But if they care more about madrassah education than real education, it can't be helped.

India is a communal shithole though and that's not possible

Jinnah was fundamentally right

Indian Muslims are under attack and they need to secure their Muslim areas

 

[surmabhopali]

Declining Enrollment of Indian Muslims in Colleges and Universities

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, acco...

www.southasiainvestor.com

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, according to Indian government data. In the same period, the higher education enrollment in Pakistan has risen about 12%, from 2.7 million to over 3 million. Both India and Pakistan have about the same population of Muslims.

​

​ Higher Education Enrollment of Muslims in India, Pakistan

While enrollment of Indian Muslims has fallen by 8%, the enrollment of Dalits, Adivasis and OBCs in higher education has increased by 4.2%, 11.9% and 4% respectively compared to 2019-20. The upper caste Hindus have seen the highest jump of 13.6% in enrollment in colleges and universities.

These results are consistent with a 2018 study by three researchers which reported that "Muslims (in India) now have considerably worse upward mobility (29) today than both Scheduled Castes (37.4–37.8) and Scheduled Tribes (32.5–32.7). The comparable figure for African Americans is 34."

The research paper titled "Intergenerational Mobility in India: Estimates from New Methods and Administrative Data" says that "higher caste groups (in India) have experienced constant and high upward mobility over time, a result that contradicts a popular notion that it is increasingly difficult for higher caste Hindus to get ahead".

Dartmouth researchers' analysis focuses on two mobility measures: (i) the expected outcome of a child born into the bottom half of the parent outcome distribution (upward interval mobility, henceforth referred to as upward mobility); and (ii) the expected outcome of a child born into the top half of the parent distribution (downward interval mobility).

​

Indian Muslims at Bottom in Social Mobility. Source: Dartmouth College

Panel A in the above figure presents bounds on trends in upward interval mobility, or the average rank among sons born to fathers in the bottom half of the father education distribution. Panel B presents bounds on trends in downward interval mobility, or the average education rank among sons born to fathers in the top half of the father education distribution. Panel C presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons completing primary school, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution. Panel D presents bounds on trends in the proportion of sons attaining a high school degree, conditional on being born to a father in the bottom half of the education distribution.

The Dartmouth paper by Sam Asher, Paul Novosad and Charlie Rafkin confirms what an Indian government commission headed by Justice Rajendar Sachar found back in 2006 by saying that "Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006)". Here's an excerpt of the paper:

"India’s Muslims constitute a similar population share as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (14% for Muslims vs. 16.6% for SCs and 14% for STs). Muslims have worse socioeconomic outcomes than the general population (Sachar Committee Report, 2006). While Muslim disadvantage has been widely noted, including by the well-publicized federal Sachar Report (2006), there are few policies in place to protect them and there has not been an effective political mobilization in their interest. Muslims have also been frequent targets of discrimination and even violence."

The discrimination and violence against Muslims that the paper refers to has only gotten worse since the election of Hindu Nationalist leader Narendra Modi to India's highest office in India in 2014.

Related Links:


Haq's Musings

South Asia Investor Review

Higher Education Enrollment in Pakistan

Social Media Expose Ugly Face of Violent Hindu Extremism

Silicon Valley's Indian-American Congressman Rejects Hindutva

Silicon Valley Hindu Americans Rally in Support of Yogi, Modi

Rape of 8-year-old Asifa Bano in Kashmir

Vast Majority of Hindu Americans Support Modi

Modi's Extended Lockdown in Indian Occupied Kashmir

Hinduization of India

Brievik's Hindutva Rhetoric

Indian Textbooks

Brahmins Continue to Dominate India

Riaz Haq Youtube Channel

PakAlumni Social Network

Declining Enrollment of Indian Muslims in Colleges and Universities

Number of Indian Muslims attending colleges and universities has declined by 8% to 1.9 million in 2020-21, from 2.1 million in 2019-20, acco...

www.southasiainvestor.com

Decline was because of covid and poverty because of one family ten children .

Reservation for lower caste Muslim is needed. This helped the lower caste Hindus.

Lower caste muslims ? There is no caste in Islam , so no reservation to muslims .

 

[surmabhopali]

In India there is even among the Christians

There is no caste in Islam and christians all are equal , so no reservation.

India is a communal shithole though and that's not possible

Jinnah was fundamentally right

Indian Muslims are under attack and they need to secure their Muslim areas

Very soon we will adopt china model to deal with muslims , chinese have better policy .

 

[wildlens]

I never heard, there are any caste issues among Muslims?

Indeed there are