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流体高压成型技术摘下火箭制造的“皇冠” :enjoy:

Thin-walled integrated bottom of rocket propellant tank made by fluid-assited high-pressure molding technology

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Scientists Improve Distributed Scatterer Timing InSAR Technology in Surface Deformation and Precision Monitoring
Dec 03, 2018

Recently, researcher JIANG Liming from the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics (IGG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with Professor LIN Hui from the Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, made significant progress in the investigation of ground surface deformation and precision monitoring through Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technology.

InSAR is a rapidly developing spatial geodetic technique using time-series radar image phase signals to acquire precise three-dimensional surface deformation information deposited on the ground, earthquakes, volcanoes, glaciers, frozen soils, etc.

In order to overcome the insufficiency of conventional time series InSAR technology (such as PSI method), and to intensively monitor the natural surface (such as reclamation area) lacking artificial buildings, the distributed scatterer timing InSAR (DSI) technology has been used and achieved some progress. However, the solution efficiency becomes an important bottleneck restricting the existing DSI applications.

In response to this problem, the researchers proposed a DSI improvement strategy combining FaSHPS DS recognition algorithm and feature decomposition phase optimization algorithm to achieve significant surface deformation intensive monitoring, while significantly improving the efficiency of calculation.

The method has been successfully used in Hong Kong International Airport, uneven land subsidence monitoring of large reclamation infrastructure such as the Hong Kong Science Park.

The results of the investigation indicated that there were significant uneven land subsidences (3 mm/year to 20 mm/year) in the reclamation areas of the Hong Kong International Airport and the Hong Kong Science Park. The density of monitoring points has been greatly improved (about 360,000/km2), about 8 times of the PSI method, as shown in Figure 1.

In addition, compared with the existing DSI method, the improved DSI method has a significantly improved solution efficiency (target point recognition and phase optimization are improved by about 30 times and 20 times, respectively).

The improved DSI method not only provides important technical support for the monitoring and early warning of uneven settlement of major infrastructure in the reclamation area, but also has broad application prospects in the high-efficiency and precise monitoring of natural surface deformation such as land subsidence, tectonic movement and permafrost degradation in large-scale coastal zones.

The relevant results entitled "Monitoring Coastal Reclamation Subsidence in Hong Kong with Distributed Scatterer Interferometry" were published in Remote Sensing.

The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the National Key Research and Development Program.

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Figure 1 comparison of InSAR monitoring results of ground subsidence sequence at Hong Kong international airport (a) PSI, (b) DSI. (Image by IGG)



Scientists Improve Distributed Scatterer Timing InSAR Technology in Surface Deformation and Precision Monitoring---Chinese Academy of Sciences
 
Planned global satellite system to allow 'unparalleled' accuracy
By ZHAO LEI | China Daily | Updated: 2018-12-07 07:20
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A mock-up shows parts of the planned Hongyan Satellite Constellation system. [Photo provided to China Daily]

Kuilong expected to provide position to within 10 cm anywhere on planet

China will soon start building a space-based positioning and navigation system designed to provide unparalleled accuracy to users around the world, according to project managers.

The Kuilong system will link China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System with the Hongyan Satellite Constellation, on which construction will soon begin, said He Xing, executive vice-president of China Great Wall Industry Corp, which initiated the Kuilong program.

After the system is completed, Kuilong users will have access to their exact position accurate to about 10 centimeters in less than one minute, no matter where they are, He told China Daily on Thursday on the sidelines of the Sixth China Space Forum in Beijing.

He said the typical accuracy of a GPS reading on a mobile phone or car-mounted GPS receiver is about 5 to 10 meters, and positioning services are scarce to nonexistent in isolated places.

The Kuilong system will involve a sophisticated chain of electronic transactions from the ground to tens of thousands of kilometers above Earth, said He Mu, head of the Kuilong program at Great Wall Industry.

The Beidou system will obtain basic positioning data and then transmit it to ground control, which will use algorithms to improve accuracy before sending the information to the Hongyan constellation.

Hongyan satellites, carrying augmentation devices in low orbit, will further process the positioning data and deliver it to end users around the globe, He Mu said.

The first Hongyan satellite is scheduled to be launched this month atop a Long March 2D carrier rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China, according to China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp, a State-owned space giant and parent of Great Wall Industry.

The satellite will perform technological demonstrations in an orbit about 1,100 kilometers high to verify Hongyan satellites' compatibility with low-orbit and data-transmission capacity, designers said.

China Aerospace intends to carry aloft about 60 Hongyan satellites before the end of 2022, and then place more than 200 smaller satellites in orbit to form a network with global reach.

"When the 60 Hongyan satellites begin working in orbit, users will be able to know their position with 10-centimeter accuracy within three minutes anywhere in the world," He Mu said. "Once the entire 300-plus-satellite Hongyan constellation is operational, the Kuilong system will become fully functional and will give its users the same accuracy in less than a minute."

Kuilong would revolutionize a wide range of businesses including the internet of things and smart transportation, he said.
 
新华社酒泉12月7日电(李国利、李潇帆)12月7日12时12分,我国在酒泉卫星发射中心用长征二号丁运载火箭,成功将沙特-5A/5B卫星发射升空,搭载发射10颗小卫星。卫星均进入预定轨道。

  2颗沙特卫星是沙特国王科技城研制的低轨遥感卫星,每颗质量为425千克,设计寿命5年,有效载荷是1台全色/多光谱高分辨率相机,主要用于获取地面图像。搭载的10颗小卫星分别由湖南长沙天仪研究院、北京九天微星科技发展有限公司等单位研制。

  这次任务是长征系列运载火箭的第293次飞行。
Xinhua News Agency, Jiuquan, December 7 (Li Guoli, Li Yufan) At 12:12 on December 7th, China used the Long March 2D carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to successfully launch the Saudi-5A/5B satellite and 10 small satellites. The satellites all enter the intended orbit.

The two Saudi satellites are low-orbit remote sensing satellites developed by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology of Saudi Arabia. Each of them has a mass of 425 kilograms and a design life of 5 years. The payload is a full-color/multi-spectral high-resolution camera, which is mainly used for aerial surveying purposes. The 10 small satellites were developed by Hunan Changsha SpaceTy and Beijing Commsat Technology Development Co., Ltd.

This mission is the 293th flight of the Long March series of launch vehicles.

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To boldly go where no startup has gone before
By Jing Shuiyu | China Daily | Updated: 2017-08-24 07:33
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A Long-March IV rocket blasts off at Jiuquan Space Launch Center in Northwest China's Gansu province. A key problem for commercial space companies is the lack of launch sites. [Photo/Xinhua]

Space is the final frontier for private firms as they muscle into an area dominated by State-owned companies

A satellite the size of a teakettle will be launched into space by the end of this year.

Once the cubesat starts circling the earth at tens of thousands of kilometers an hour, it will be used to teach astronomy to Chinese high school students.

Backed by space startup Commsat Technology Development Co Ltd, this project is just one of a wide range of private sector ventures.

"Many investors are optimistic about the industry," said Huang He, a partner of Northern Light Venture Capital, which has already injected funds into another startup Spacety Co Ltd.

In the past few years, the commercial space sector has come alive in China as private companies jostle for launch dates.

Before, the final frontier was the preserve of government-backed programs from State-owned companies.

But now a slew of startups have appeared and along with established tech outfits are rolling out new business models for the space sector at competitive costs.

"Private firms can make swift decisions to meet consumer demand," said Peng Yuanyuan, co-founder and chief operating officer at Commsat. "Plus, our trial and error costs are relatively low."

In 2015, the global space economy rocketed to $323 billion. Commercial operations accounted for up to 76 percent, or $246 billion, according to The Space Report 2016, which was released by The Space Foundation.

By 2020, China's commercial space market is expected to expand to 800 billion yuan ($120 billion), the China Securities Journal reported.

Already the country's new boys are moving in with Spacety launching the microsatellite, Xiaoxiang No 1, or Ty-1, for the scientific community last November.

Other startups such as Commsat Technology, Zhejiang Lizhui Electronic Technology Co and Guangdong Kechuang Spaceflight Co are just behind them, waiting for the right window.

Even though private companies have come late to this business, they believe they can push the boundaries of space by using more market-oriented models.

Yang Feng, founder and CEO of Spacety, pointed out that the next five satellites being rolled out by his company are all "fully booked" although he did not reveal detailed financial numbers.

He did make it clear, though, that the satellites will be launched in the second half of this year.

Commsat is in a similar position and has almost recouped the cost of its planned educational satellite, Peng stressed.

"We are able to increase the capabilities of the spacecraft without adding greatly to the costs," she said.

Peng is expecting Commsat to turn over revenue of 30 million yuan this year although she declined to disclose detailed financial figures.

But she did reveal the company has reached agreements with more than 70 public schools in Beijing, Guangzhou, Anhui and Shanghai to beam in astronomy courses.

Just like with earth-bound businesses, finding the right recipe for success is crucial for these new pioneers of space.

They need to put clear sky between themselves and State-owned companies, which dominate telecommunications, remote sensing and navigation or GPS.

"The best opportunities for private firms lie in exploring undiscovered fields and creating new demand," Peng at Commsat said.

It is a view that appeals to Yang, of Spacety, who believes startups will end up "supplementing rather than substituting" existing businesses.

By April, a total of 14 commercial space companies were registered in the country, including 10 which were privately owned, according to CASI Cloud.com, a website affiliated to China Aerospace Science & Industry Corp.

They all tend to specialize in satellites involved in internet communication, remote sensing or scientific research.

In addition to the new kids on the block, technology giants are jumping on the bandwagon.

Later this year, Alibaba Group Holding Ltd plans to launch the world's first e-commerce satellite to provide consumers with customized products.

By analyzing agricultural cultivation and harvesting data provided by satellite images, the company aims to buy and then sell the "world's best vegetables", it promised.

Many might think this is a publicity stunt, but the internet group is deadly serious about taking its first step in space.

As for rival Tencent Holdings Ltd, it invested in the startup Moon Express, which was founded by a group of Silicon Valley space entrepreneurs, in 2013.

The company, which is based in the United States, has an ambitious program, including using drones to mine asteroids.

Indeed, this spirit of galactic adventure is reflected in the desire by Chinese companies to capture a slice of the space pie.

Fuelling the trend has been the government's challenging plans to develop the sector.

Back in 2015, China's top economic planning body, the National Development and Reform Commission, unveiled a 10-year blueprint for the commercial space sector along with the Ministry of Finance, and the Commission on Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense.

Since then, this fledgling sector has attracted renowned investors such as Matrix Partners China, Northern Light Venture Capital and Cash Capital.

Yet the complexity of spacecraft, satellites and the shortage of skilled talent have provided challenges for the industry.

"Most of the key people working in space startups used to be employed by SOEs," said Huang at Northern Light Venture Capital.

"The companies are still looking at viable solutions to tackle the growing shortage of talent and help them build a sustainable career," he added.
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China launches seven small satellites for Internet of Things
Source: Xinhua| 2018-12-07 22:28:40|Editor: Yamei


JIUQUAN, Dec. 7 (Xinhua) -- A series of seven small satellites expected to serve for wildlife protection, field emergency rescue, vehicle and ship monitoring and logistics tracing were launched into space at noon Friday.

A Long March-2D rocket, carrying the satellites called the "ladybeetle series," together with two satellites for Saudi Arabia and three other small ones, blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China at 12:12 p.m.

The series include Ladybeetle 1, weighing about 100 kg, three CubeSats composed of six cubic units (10*10*10 cm) and three composed of three cubic units.

They are manufactured by Commsat, a Beijing-based private satellite company funded by the Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

"We named them 'ladybeetles' as we hope they are down-to-earth, bring qualified services for our clients and have strong vitality," said Xie Tao, founder and CEO of Commsat.

Xie believes that Ladybeetle 1 will realize great commercial prospects due to its advantages in cost and flexibility. "A satellite at a weight of about 100 kg can accommodate more payloads than smaller minisatellites, but will consume much less power when connecting with ground terminals than big satellites weighing over a tonne."

The ladybeetle series will be used to test a closed-loop system for the Internet of Things (IOT), which includes satellites, cloud computing platforms, ground control stations and terminals, said Peng Yuanyuan, co-founder and chief operating officer of Commsat.

"We expect that IOT will mushroom in 2020, with about 20 billion terminals being connected to it. However, only 10 percent of our globe is covered by the ground network, and many things, such as ships, pipelines and wildlife, are scattered across vast areas without the network," Peng said.

The company also plans to launch another four satellites in 2019 and to complete the deployment of a constellation of 72 satellites in 2022, according to Peng.

Peng said the company's satellites will provide data to a sports watch to help monitor the clients' heart rates and temperatures while participating in outdoor sports.

A necklace for giant pandas that have been released back into the wild has been developed, which will be connected to the satellites to provide information about their locations, temperatures and calls.

The satellites can also help monitor the conditions of containers at sea.

In February, Commsat launched China's first shared education satellite, Young Pioneer 1, which shares its data resources with primary and secondary schools and other education institutions equipped with sub-stations in China and provides students with experiences like wireless communication and space photography.

"Commercial aerospace is a burgeoning industry, and we will do our best to realize our dreams," Xie said.
 
'Smart courier' helps BeiDou gain ground on GPS
Li Qian
08:17 UTC+8, 2018-12-24

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Li Qian / SHINE
Visitors look at an exhibit at the 2018 Shanghai Navigation Industry and Technology Development Forum on December 21.

US-owned GPS is synonymous with navigation and positioning, but China’s BeiDou navigation satellite system has started to give the global colossus a run for its money.

By the end of 2020, 35 BeiDou satellites will cover almost the entire globe.

Originally designed for military use, BeiDou has been gradually chipping away at the GPS market share and is widely used in transportation, environmental monitoring and other fields, with the biggest customers including local express delivery giants.

At the 2018 Shanghai Navigation Industry and Technology Development Forum it was announced that delivery companies STO, YTO, ZTO, Yunda and SF will use BeiDou services, now accurate to less than 1 meter. The system can tell which lane a vehicle is driving on, instead of merely which road. It can navigate to a designated parking site, instead of just the factory gate.

The service will be integrated to an ambitious smart courier program, said Cao Chong, chief of Shanghai BeiDou Research Institute.

Data such as where a truck is, what it is carrying and when it arrives is collected and shared with everyone involved in the process.

“It will help courier companies to make better arrangements and cut their costs,” said Cao.

According to a blue paper released last Friday, crossover and integration are two keywords in the development of navigation and positioning.

“It will be combined with robotics technology, artificial intelligence and the smart city program,” said Yang Changfeng, chief designer of the China Satellite Navigation Office.

Cao pointed out the biggest challenge is to make the service adapt to three dimensions. Currently, the service cannot tell whether a vehicle is on the ground or an elevated road or whether a person is on the first or second floor.

Source: SHINE Editor: Shen Ke
 
China launches telecommunication technology test satellite
Source: Xinhua| 2018-12-25 02:04:20|Editor: Liangyu


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Long March-3C carrier rocket blasts off from the launch pad at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in Xichang, southwest China's Sichuan Province, Dec. 25, 2018. China successfully launched the No. 3 telecommunication technology test satellite on Tuesday. (Xinhua/Wang Yulei)

XICHANG, Dec. 25 (Xinhua) -- China successfully launched the No. 3 telecommunication technology test satellite on Tuesday.

The satellite was launched at 0:53 a.m. Beijing Time by a Long March-3C carrier rocket from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in southwest China's Sichuan Province.

The satellite was developed and produced by the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation.

There have been 296 Long March rocket missions.

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Global Times‏ Verified account @globaltimesnews
BDS–3's primary system has been completed, and the BDS service scope expanded from being regional to covering the whole world starting today: Ran Chengqi, spokesperson of the #BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

China's BeiDou launches global service today
By Zhao Lei | chinadaily.com.cn | Updated: 2018-12-27 15:08
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China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System will start providing global services on Thursday, as announced by the China Satellite Navigation Office at a news conference in Beijing.

Speaking on the developments of Beidou, Ran Chengqi, director of the navigation office, said the pillar system's construction of Beidou's third generation constellation has finished, enabling the space based network to provide reliable global positioning, navigation, and timing services with high accuracy.

"This marks Beidou's entry into a 'global era' from its 'regional era'," he said.

Beidou is one of the four space based navigation networks along with the United States' GPS, Russia's GLONASS and European Union's Galileo.

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When the first Beidou satellite entered orbit in 2000, 47 system satellites including four experimental ones have been launched. Beidou began providing positioning, navigation, timing, and messaging services to civilian users in China and parts of the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012.

China launched 19 satellites for the network. The latest were the 18th and 19th of the Beidou-3 series in late November.

To date, there are 33 satellites — 18 in Beidou-3 series and 15 in Beidou-2 — that are operational in several orbits. These satellites offer a global positioning service with 10-meter accuracy and an Asia-Pacific regional service with 5-meter accuracy, according to Ran.

Before the end of 2020, China plans to send six Beidou-3 satellites to medium Earth orbits, three to inclined geosynchronous orbits and two to geostationary orbits. In addition, a Beidou-2 satellite will be sent to a geostationary orbit within this period.
 
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China: By 2020, 1 Beidou 2nd-generation satellite and 11 Beidou 3rd-generation satellites will be launched
2018-12-27 15:47:20
https://www.toutiao.com/a6639576374719808013/
e Company News, China Satellite Navigation System Management Office Director, Beidou satellite navigation system spokesperson Qi Chengqi said on the 27th that Beidou provides global services, which is a big step in construction and a new starting point for development. By 2020, 11 Beidou No.3 and one Beidou-2 satellite will continue to be launched to complete the overall construction and further improve the system service performance. In 2035, Beidou will be built as the core, more ubiquitous, more integrated and more intelligent. Integrated Positioning Navigation Time (PNT) system. Beidou will serve the world and benefit mankind with stronger functions and better performance.
 

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