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Caste killing exposes India's secret shame
Amanda Hodge
A MERE 100km from the shiny malls and housing estates of New Delhi, three upper-caste men murdered a Dalit labourer this week for refusing to obey an ancient feudal law demanding he toil their land for free.
The body of 42-year-old Karam Chand was then paraded on a bicycle through the village of Nirgajani, in Uttar Pradesh, as a macabre warning to other "untouchables" that the writ of a modern state did not extend into the heart of rural India.
The system of begari -- in which low-caste Indians were obliged to provide unpaid labour to landed classes -- was officially outlawed by the Indian government in 1976.
But Chand's death this week was a grim reminder that another, less shiny India -- a country of poverty, medievalism and caste brutality -- continues to exist despite the best efforts and indignation of India's administrative class.
The crime is shocking enough, but perhaps more so because it occurred in a state ruled by Mayawati -- India's only Dalit chief minister -- a woman devoted to the emancipation of India's long-abused underclass.
Indian sociologist and caste crime expert Prem Chowdhry says the very fact the crime received national media coverage is an indication of social progress in India.
"Where earlier such attacks would have gone unreported, exposure of these crimes is really unprecedented today and that's very healthy," Professor Chowdhry said.
But, she added, crimes against Dalits and other low-caste Indians were on the rise as a violent expression of the insecurities of India's landed classes in the face of rapid modernisation.
"Unfortunately the strictures of society have not kept pace with our economy and these atrocities against Dalits are an indication of the insecurities felt by the landed classes in the face of that change.
"Also the Dalits are asserting themselves and are refusing to take these atrocities inflicted upon them and that has angered the upper castes."
According to reports this week, Chand was attacked after refusing the demands of three brothers -- former employers -- to help harvest a wheat crop.
Chand's son Monu, who was working alongside his father on their own land when the attack occurred, said: "My father refused them because they didn't pay him anything for earlier work. They had declared that we would have to follow their order or leave the village."
When he refused, the trio attacked, chasing Chand into a temple, where he was shot. "They hauled his dead body on to a bicycle and took out a procession. They were shouting that anyone who defied their order would be killed," said Monu.
While local police spokesman Jawahar Singh confirmed the son's account, he insisted "such incidents are far and few between".
But he conceded the village was predominantly a stronghold of the Jat caste, a group which continues to defend the caste Panchayat system of local governance, which doles out summary justice, such as honour killings, for alleged caste crimes.
Caste killing exposes India's secret shame | The Australian