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[PDF] Evolving Green Aviation Transport System: A Hoilistic Approah to Sustainable Green Market Development | Semantic Scholar
Aviation is one of the fastest growing industries as well as transportation modes in the world. Global aviation contributes about 2% of global greenhouse gas emissions and supports 8% of the world economic activity in terms of GDP. With the phenomenal growth in air trafficking by the national...www.semanticscholar.org
I mean if we had China and India as heavy competitors in building airliners we could have much more efficient airplane designs and engines today.
comparing these two models could be wrong based on :
China's technological problems.
Different type of lands which you build rail over it.
Demand issues (population)
I don't know how the carbon footprint of HSR compares to civilian airliners. Cost to passengers would be.a factor but the convenience of HSR and other factors I listed make people prefer it over planes. On the flip side, planes have an advantage that popular routes run a flight very frequently. Most HSR can't match the frequency convenience of flight schedules.
So, it's complicated.
Also, HSR is usually heavily subsidized. The following is from 2013, so I don't know the latest data.
From a financial standpoint, only two HSR lines in the world are profitable: Paris-Lyon in France and Tokyo-Osaka in Japan. A third line, Hakata-Osaka in Japan, breaks even