This is the only bit I can respond to, and I have to say that you are mistaken about the situation then, as many of you are mistaken about the situation now.
The Congress was an elite group before Gandhi came back from South Africa. It fought for greater rights for Indians, all Indians, but through petition and the passing of resolutions in bodies that they sought to project to the British as credible and representative. In that phase, before 1920-22, there was hardly any question of secularism or of parochialism. In that phase, the Congress fought for space with the revolutionaries (to Indians or terrorists, to the British), those who belonged to Jugantar, or Anushilan; Bhagat Singh's group did not exist then. In that phase, the major issues were the hounding of Surendranath Bannerjee, who was expelled from the Civil Service, and, in 1905, the (first) Partition of Bengal. This is the first time when Muslims held back from the enthusiastic way they had participated earlier, and they held back because they could not help wondering if the additional development features promised to East Bengal after this partition would not after all help the Muslims to catch up. So, in 1907, in Dhaka, the Muslim League was founded; it did not, however, show up as a serious entity until the 20s and later.
When Gandhi returned, he engineered his own domination of the party (the Congress), and eased Gokhale and Gokhale's favourite, Jinnah. The consequent friction led to hostility of the Congress delegation towards Jinnah and towards his stormy exit from the meeting.
The second point is your detection of a false secularism within the Congress. This too, and also, your extrapolation of that to today's condition of India is not well-founded.
Thanks for correction and adding it up, I was thinking about writing all the way up the current govt of Pakistan , and connect it with India by drawing a parallel lines between the both societies , but then i thought that one its way off topic, and second I am not qualified to talk much about India with my limited knowledge and understanding .
Please answer the questions I asked above.
Let me try..
So the Answer is definitely not simple but it depends on the way of Governance which a State decides to choose, Pakistan always had this conflict within itself over what kind of Governance they want, Zia's foundation of a more Pro Islamic Society might get some traction if not for the sudden rise of Islamic fundamentalism which comes in direct Confrontation with western Democracies after 9/11 .
Pakistan state and its people never for a long period gets on one side of the line by either adopting a secular Way neither a Islamic ones, one might argue on the aspects of both Ideologies and who will decide which interpretation will be accept throughout the Pakistan, setting Secularism Aside Islam in subcontinent itself was divide into many fractions such as Sunni , Shia , Ahmadi , Islamili , Bori etc .. Pakistan as majority Sunni country was bound to have a comity with a more Sunni representation which will definitely be opposed by the Shia's, hence the whole experiment of Zia's Islamic Governance falls flat within few years of his passing .
the only way Pakistan can progress itself is if we decide to pick up one side and style of Governance and than not just that but create a whole Nazriya-e-Zarrorat behind it, we did consider Islam to be a complete way of life but we are unable to implement it throughout Pakistan cause it was either taken over by the more Extremists elements such as Sufi Muhammad of SWAT, or much more Liberal/Secular type . There can not be a balance with both these Governing style, we tried and we failed , and it will be nothing less than stupidity to keep experimenting on this hoping for a better result .
Now, State has the right to determine the law under which its subjects will be ruled or Governed , but it has to be in the form of Constitution reforms not force , the Minorities living within the state although can and will enjoy their basic human rights but from a strict Religious POV, the State can not show itself to be weak by the demands of either minority or secular voices within itself, It can only happen from a strong Leadership and parliament . But of course its not very plausible because of external interventions of the countries, Power structures and Lobbies which is a topic itself .
The second part of your question which about Equality, we have to define the Equality and lets not fool ourselves with the more western Idea of Equality because now we know that Equality and Freedom is nothing but a fake wall of fog which is crumbling fast, the real faces of largest democracies are out in the open from the voices within and how citizens are treated differently based on their Race, color and religion . State can guarantee rights to its citizen, Guard their basic Human rights but eventually in a more microscopic level the people who are minority will and does suffer injustice and different treatment , No country on earth can call itself to treat all its citizens equally without holding a racial , religious or nationality bias . So why should we sweat on something which far greater, far more educated societies than us tried it and failed ? why not go back to the root of our existence and accept it for what it is ? yes Islam will not ensure individual freedom or rights over the rights and security of the Society in any terms , I don't see anything wrong with it in fact every society to some degree holds laws which are in place which sometimes withheld the individual freedom and right over the right and protection of the Society as a collective unit .
let me know if i miss anything ..
This is the only bit I can respond to, and I have to say that you are mistaken about the situation then, as many of you are mistaken about the situation now.
I think we'all have our own unique way of assessing the situation , sometimes history as well .. What happen and the minds of the people can only be understood to some degree and the rest they take it in their graves, my whole Idea about Pakistan and why its people , Govt and its institutions are confused about their own identity and which way is good or bad for them to govern its subjects has a history that goes all the way back to our Founding fathers and the people the interact with .