I think people mostly focus on one side of the problem here. Which you should not judge anything by its one side.
Wealth Inequality is bad for Economy? This statement alone is incorrect.
Wealth inequality is bad for the poors. This statement is correct.
basic Economy 101. To have a economy work, people need to think of THEMSELVE. The more selfish you get, the more money you have. You cannot just say, yeah Wealth inequality is bad for the poor, it create a lot of poor people. And hence it's bad for the economy. Until there are more poor people than rich + Medium Income people. This model is not True.
You cannot say something that's true in one extreme and you can successfully imply them into a general idea. Truth is, there are only 15-20% in America living under poverty line. That does not even represent 1/4 oif the whole population. If you look at the Middle Class and Rich and the Richest, wealth inequality is not a bad thing at all.
I personally maintain residence in United State, Sweden and Australia. I can tell you what i have see in all 3 differnet country
United States
Low Social Welfare, running on a Have-or-Have-Not system. No universial medical care, and no free education.
if you are poor people. You earn about $5 an hour doing labourer work. Of course you cannot afford anything, problem with this system is, you earn what you work. People don't get poor because they are hardworking. I yet to see a real hardworking American gone homeless. Most homeless people either are lazy, drug addict, or did something stupid in his/her course of life. Literally, you choose to become homeless 95 % of a time. Granted, there are someone some time would do everythign right still ended up becoming homeless. That did not happen a lot.
You cannot blame anyone for your own decision. You don't work that much, then of course you cannot afford your own home. It's an action and consequence type of thing.
Australia
High/Very high welfare, free medicare, half price/free education
If you ever live in Australia, you found out that it's literally impossible to be homeless. Australian New start allowance offer 1000 AUD (1200 USD) per month, with rent assistance, medicare and combine with other dole. it's not uncommon to have a family of 4 collecting 2-3000 AUD per month without even leave home (They deposit the dole to your account)
With HECS and FEE-HELP scheme. you only pay half of full fare for university and the other half are borrowed thru Fee-Help which literally you don't need to repay until you work and reach certain amount of taxable income.
Medical care is free of charge, all out patient service, inpatient, hospitalise are free according to you entitelment.
Does that appear well for Ausrtralian Economy? Not a single bit.
Look at it this way, if i earn $45000 per year $16,000 of my money will go to those poor people, basically we finance their lavish lifestyle so we make sure that they don't need to work for the rest of their life. In the end, who are going to work so we have enough social security pool to pay for those "Poor" people simply because they don't want to work.
I would just quit my job, get married and have 2 kids so i can get $3500 a month dole money, it ended up the same as i earn before and the only differrent is, i don't need to work at all.
Sweden.
Free College, Well established social welfare. Free medical
The sitaution is more or less the same as Australia, except for one fact that for every case of social welfare, some social worker are attached to you and make sure you work alright. With a lot of expense spend on social welfare, a large sum of tax are once again drewed to the working class.
Education is free from ground up. You don't ever pay anything, yet, many people decided to ditch education and instead either going to work or just sit home in their remote resort.
By now, i should tell you this, both Sweden and Australia appear to have their economic model works because of one and only one factor. Their Population. Australia have 23 millions citizens while Sweden have no more than 10 millions.
You can afford to "Raise" those people who earn less than you still. But if you are talking about a population such as America, it simply won't work, as you will put a lot of load on the Social Welfare system, and you ended up either depleting the whole government funcding or you simply go bankrupt.
Not everyone want to feed the poor for free. Not especially when you are living in a 300 millions people economy.