South Pars Gas-Condensate field

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South Pars Gas-Condensate field

The South Pars / North Dome field is a natural gas condensate field located in the Persian Gulf. It is the world's largest gas field, shared between Iran and Qatar. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the field holds an estimated 1,800 trillion cubic feet (51 trillion cubic metres) of in-situ natural gas and some 50 billion barrels (7.9 billion cubic metres) of natural gas condensates.

This gas field covers an area of 9,700 square kilometres (3,700 sq mi), of which 3,700 square kilometres (1,400 sq mi) (South Pars) is in Iranian territorial waters and 6,000 square kilometres (2,300 sq mi) (North Dome) is in Qatari territorial waters.

Reserves

According to International Energy Agency (IEA), the combined structure is the world's largest gas field.[1]

In-place volumes are estimated to be around 1,800 trillion cubic feet (51 trillion cubic metres) gas in place and some 50 billion barrels (7.9 billion cubic metres) of natural gas condensate in place.[12] With in place volumes equivalent to 360 billion barrels (57 billion cubic metres) of oil[13] (310 billion boe of gas and 50 billion boe of natural gas condensate) the field is the world's biggest conventional hydrocarbon accumulation.

The field recoverable gas reserve is equivalent to some 215 billion barrels (34.2 billion cubic metres) of oil and it also holds about 16 billion barrels (2.5 billion cubic metres) of recoverable condensate corresponding of about 230 billion barrels (37 billion cubic metres) of oil equivalent recoverable hydrocarbons.

The gas recovery factor of the field is about 70%, corresponding of about 1,260 trillion cubic feet (36×1012 m3) of total recoverable gas reserves which stands for about 19% of world recoverable gas reserves.[14]

The estimates for the Iranian section are 500 trillion cubic feet (14×1012 m3) of natural gas in place and around 360 trillion cubic feet (10×1012 m3) of recoverable gas which stands for 36% of Iran's total proven gas reserves and 5.6% of the worlds proven gas reserves.[12]

The estimates for the Qatari section are 900 trillion cubic feet (25×1012 m3) of recoverable gas which stands for almost 99% of Qatar's total proven gas reserves and 14% of the worlds proven gas reserves.

However, since the field is a common field and the reservoir is highly homogenous, the ultimate recoverable reserves of each country may vary from this technical assessment which only considers the static data and does not include rate of gas migration. So, it is better to say that the ultimate recoverable reserves of each country would be a factor of cumulative gas production by each of them.

The Iranian section also holds 18 billion barrels (2.9 billion cubic metres) of condensate in place of which some 9 billion barrels (1.4 billion cubic metres) are believed to be recoverable,[16] while Qatari section believed to contains some 30 billion barrels (4.8×109 m3) of condensate in place and at least some 10 billion barrels (1.6 billion cubic metres) of recoverable condensate.[17]

The field is rich in liquids and yields approximately 40 barrels (6.4 m3) of condensate per 1 million cubic feet (28×103 m3) of gas. It has also very high level of well productivity which in average stands for 100 million cubic feet (2.8×106 m3) per day per well.

South Pars development

The South Pars Field was discovered in 1990 by National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC).[8] The Pars Oil and Gas Company.[16] a subsidiary of NIOC, has jurisdiction over all South Pars-related projects. Field development has been delayed by various problems - technical (i.e., high levels of mercaptans and foul-smelling sulfur compounds), contractual issues and, recently, politics.

Gas production started from the field by commissioning phase 2 in December 2002 to produce 1 billion cubic feet per day (28 million cubic metres per day) of wet gas. Gas is sent to shore via pipeline, and processed at Assaluyeh.

Condensate production from South Pars is currently 200,000 barrels per day (32,000 m3/d), and by 2010, could increase to over 500,000 barrels per day (79,000 m3/d). As of December 2010, South pars gas field's production capacity stands at 75 million cubic metres (2.6 billion cubic feet) of natural gas per day.[23] Gas production at South Pars rose by nearly 30% between March 2009 and March 2010. The field's reserves are estimated at 14 trillion cubic metres (490 trillion cubic feet) of natural gas and 18 billion barrels (2.9 billion cubic metres) of natural gas condensates. Production at South Pars gas field will rise to 175 million cubic metres (6.2 billion cubic feet) per day in 2012.[24]

NIOC is planning to develop the field in 24 to 30 phases, capable of producing about 25 billion cubic feet (710 million cubic metres) to 30 billion cubic feet (850 million cubic metres) of natural gas per day.

Each standard phase is defined for daily production of 1 billion cubic feet (28 million cubic metres) of natural gas, convert|40,000|oilbbl of condensate, 1500 tonnes of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and 200 tonnes of sulfur, however some phases have some different production plans.[25]

Each of the phases is estimated to have an average capital spend of around US$1.5 billion, and most will be led by foreign oil firms working in partnership with local companies.[26] Development of a South Pars phase by the Norwegian Statoil company has become infamous after extensive report of misconduct and bribery to the Horton Investments, an Iranian consultancy firm owned by Mehdi Hashemi Rafsanjani, son of former Iranian President Hashemi Rafsanjani. Statoil committed to spending US $300 million to construct three production platforms and a pipeline.[27] The government of Mr Ahmadinejad, who came to power in 2005, has favoured local firms over foreign companies in the energy and other sectors.[26]

By the beginning of 2008 phases 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 has been brought to production and by the end of 2008 phases 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 will be on stream. Phases 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 27 and 28 are under different development stages.

South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

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Iran's annual gas revenues from South Pars to reach $100bn: Official

Iran's annual revenues from its exports of the natural gas from the giant South Pars gas field will reach USD 100 billion by the next three years, says an energy official.


Mousa Souri, the managing director of the Pars Oil and Gas Company, said Monday that Iran plans to increase its daily gas exports to 400 million cubic meters by developing the remaining phases of the huge natural gas field during the period.

"Projects worth USD 68 billion are already under construction in the South Pars gas field," Souri said.


South Pars covers an area of 9,700 square kilometers, 3,700 square kilometers of which are within Iran's territorial waters in the Persian Gulf. The remaining 6,000 square kilometers, i.e. the North Dome, are in Qatar's territorial waters.

The Iranian gas field contains 14 trillion cubic meters of natural gas (about eight percent of the world's reserves) and more than 18 billion barrels of liquefied natural gas (LNG) resources.

PressTV - Iran's annual gas revenues from South Pars to reach $100bn: Official

 

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Asaluyeh

Asaluyeh (Persian: عسلويه‎, also Romanized as ‘Asalūyeh and Asalu, and sometimes prefixed by bandar, meaning port)[1] is a city in and the capital of Asaluyeh County, in Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,746, in 875 families.[2]

Located on the shore of the Persian Gulf some 270 km SE of the provincial capital of Bushehr, it is best known as the site for the land based facilities of the huge PSEEZ (Pars Special Energy Economic Zone) project. The town itself is of minor significance, although it is common practice to refer to PSEEZ (established 1998) and Asaluyeh town collectively as Asaluyeh.

Asaluyeh was chosen as the site of the PSEEZ facilities due to it being the closest land point to the largest natural gas field in the world, the South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field. In addition, an existing airport and direct access to international waters via a deep water port were already present.


PSEEZ

The PSEEZ (Pars Special Energy/Economic Zone) as it is known has been allocated 100 square kilometres of land at Asaluyeh for the various complexes and facilities. The site is a collection of different plants and refineries (known as "phases") and is administered by the PSEEZ agency onsite.

A total of 27 phases are envisaged (12 gas, 15 petrochemical), plus a mix of light and heavy industry, and associated support facilities such as factories and warehouses. The scale of the project is huge. Some 28 refineries and 25 petrochemical complexes are scheduled to be established in Asalouyeh, in southern Bushehr province. Of these, 10 refineries and 7 petrochemical complexes were already operational in 2009.[4]

PSEEZ is a workers town - tourism is non-existent. Currently there are no hotels in Asalouyeh, although plans exist to construct a hotel between the airport and the Industrial area. Once completed, the Sadaf International Hotel will consist of 400 rooms in three buildings, on 1 square kilometre of land. A visa is required to enter Iran for most nationalities, and is therefore needed to visit the PSEEZ. The only exception to the visa requirement is if you visit Kish Island, which allows visitors to enter visa-free.

Special economic zone

The Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ) is a special economic zone. PSEEZ was established in 1998 for the utilization of South Pars oil and gas resources. Goods can be brought in duty free, but cannot leave the PSEEZ and enter the rest of Iran. This is to encourage construction within and development of the PSEEZ. The private sector has invested some $1.5 billion in the PSEEZ during the past 4 years (2009). Foreign entities have invested some $36 billion in the Pars Special Economic Energy Zone (PSEEZ) during the past 10 years (2009).

The PSEEZ is one of the busiest ongoing construction sites in the world. At any one time up to 60,000 workers are onsite, mostly employed in construction of further gas and petrochemical refineries.

Plants and Refineries

Each of the phases of the South Pars project is estimated to have an average capital spend of around US$1.5bn, and most will be led by foreign oil firms working in partnership with local companies.[7] The government of President Ahmadinejad, who came to power in 2005, has favoured local firms over foreign companies in the energy and other sectors.[7] In 2010, Iran awarded $21 billion of contracts to local companies to develop six stages (phases 13, 14, 19, 22, 23 and 24) of the South Pars gas field.[8] Khatam al-Anbiya Construction Headquarters, the engineering arm of the Revolutionary Guard Corps, is part of the domestic group, as is Oil Industries Engineering and Construction and Iran Marine Industrial Co. The group also includes Iran Shipbuilding and Offshore Industries Complex Co., Industrial Development and Renovation Organization of Iran, and National Iranian Drilling Co.[8] Managing the projects by Iranian companies does not rule out the participation of foreign firms in South Pars projects.[9]

Any visitor to Asaluyeh will immediately notice the series of Gas and Petrochemical complexes running along the coast, one of the largest collection of such facilities in the world. The various plants and complexes currently run for some 12 km, and more are being constructed. A series of gas flares which line the facility are immediately obvious, including one enormous flare in particular, with flames of almost 100 m in height. This flare is visible far out to sea. The area also hosts the world's largest aromatic production plant, Noori Petrochemical Complex, with an annual capacity of 4.2 million tons. Once completed, South Pars development revenue will exceed current oil exports incomes.[10]

Gas production at South Pars rose by nearly 30 per cent between March 2009 and March 2010. The field's reserves are estimated at 14 trillion cubic meters of gas and 18 billion barrels (2.9×109 m3) of gas condensates. Production at South Pars gas field will rise to 175 million cubic meters per day in 2012.

Asaluyeh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

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Official: South Pars Projects' Industrial Parts Indigenized by Iran

2013-02-09

TEHRAN (FNA)- An Iranian energy official underlined ineffectiveness of the western sanctions and pressures on Iran's scientific and technological growth, and said that most of the industrial parts needed for the country's South Pars projects have been developed domestically.

"We are witnessing the indigenization of many parts required for the South Pars (projects) in the year of national production due to the efforts of the Iranian experts and this is a great success that has been materialized under the (West's) sanctions," Managing-Director of the South Pars Gas Complex (SPGC) Ali Akbar Shabanpour said, addressing a meeting in Assalouyeh in the Southern Bushehr province on Saturday.

He noted that Iranian engineers and experts add up to the country's progress and successes in the energy sector everyday despite the US-led Western sanctions targeting the country's different sectors, including oil and gas industries.

In January, Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyed Ali Khamenei lauded the unsparing efforts made by the Iranian youths, particularly university students, to enhance Iran's scientific and technological level in regional and international arenas.

"You are the country's future managers and the Islamic Iran with its rich scientific wealth should be administered by eligible and capable managers," Ayatollah Khamenei said in his message on the occasion of the 47th annual meeting of Islamic Association of University Students at the time.

"Iranian young students abroad have acquired high capability in science and technology and the Islamic Republic of Iran expects them to come home and undertake administrative role in different fields to help proceed with the current trend of progress in light of their hard work, faith, insights and courage," Ayatollah Khamenei added.

Washington and its Western allies accuse Iran of trying to develop nuclear weapons under the cover of a civilian nuclear program, while they have never presented any corroborative evidence to substantiate their allegations. Iran denies the charges and insists that its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes only.

Tehran stresses that the country has always pursued a civilian path to provide power to the growing number of Iranian population, whose fossil fuel would eventually run dry.

Despite the rules enshrined in the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) entitling every member state, including Iran, to the right of uranium enrichment, Tehran is now under four rounds of UN Security Council (UNSC) sanctions and the unilateral western embargos for turning down West's calls to give up its right of uranium enrichment.

Tehran has dismissed West's demands as politically-tainted and illogical, stressing that sanctions and pressures merely consolidate Iranians' national resolve to continue the path.

Tehran has repeatedly said that it considers its nuclear case closed as it has come clean of IAEA's questions and suspicions about its past nuclear activities.

Fars News Agency :: Official: South Pars Projects' Industrial Parts Indigenized by Iran