Yes, a scientifically/technologically atrassed country like China which gets knowledge mostly from copying, stealing and illegally manufacturing foreign systems progresses more than a strongly developed country as Russia or the European Union, in relatives, but out of that, it's out of comparison.
As of microelectronics, don't come up with that tale because China developes none of them. They are all license produced on chinese soil by foreign company's with foreign technology, as far as I know.
And Russia/USSR had a real electronics industry. Not really world-class but it had/has the capability to manufacture them by itself. Search Elbrus processors if you want to.