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Ramadan Karim | 2014

A,A Brother Zarvan! Ap nay Pakistani khano ki yaad diladee. Yahan UK main Saturday ko roza naheen hay shayad Sunday ka ilaan kal ho jaye.
 
Today is my first fast. May Allah give courage to all keeping fast this Month, accept our sacrifices and make us better, righteous people.

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Shaykh Muhammad Arif Patel, Gujarati British Young Sunni Scholar


Punjabi - Na'at Shareef RamaDan Mubarak

 
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RamaDan Mubarak! The most spiritual month is here!


Maliki Madhab, Fiqh of Ramadan -

 
JonAsad said:
Molana saab zara roza jaan boojh k torhnay ka gunah bata dein- or yh b bata dein qaza kya hai uski?-
Or Roza Makrooh kin kin kamon say hota hai-
Shukriya-
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You Are Here: Knowledge Base → Acts of Worship and their Rulings → Fasting and Ramadaan
Actions which Nullify the Fast and Require al-Qadha
Meaning of al-Qadaa (atonement) and its Rulings:
Al-Qadaa is making up missed fasts of Ramadaan with similar number of fasts on days other than Ramadaan.

It is not obligatory to make al-Qadaa immediately after Ramadaan. Al-Qadaa for the missed fasts of Ramadaan may be delayed until the next Ramadaan as is known from Aa'isha (radhi allahu anha), who relates, "It used to be that I had days to make up for Ramadaan and I would not be able to do so except in Shabaan (the month before Ramadaan)." [Saheeh al-Bukharee (4/166) and Saheeh Muslim (no. 1146)]

Al-Hafidh (rahimahullah) says in al-Fath (4/191), "The (above) Hadeeth contains proof for allowance of delaying al-Qadaa of missed Ramadaan fasts unrestrictedly, with or without any excuse."

Although, it is better to hasten in making up the missed fasts than to delay them, since this falls under the general command of hastening to do good deeds and not delaying them, such as the saying of Allah in the Qur'aan, "And march forth in the way (which leads to) forgiveness from your Lord, and for Paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth, prepared for al-Muttaqoon (the pious)." [Soorah al-Imran, (3): 133]

It is also not obligatory to make up the days together (i.e. one immediately after the other). Allah, the Exalted, says, "The same number (of days which one did not fast must be made up) from other days." [Soorah al Baqarah (2): 185]

Ibn Abbas (radhi allahu anhu) said, "There is no harm if one fasts them separately." [(mu'allaq) Saheeh al-Bukharee (4/189)] See, Taghleequt-Ta'leeq (3/186)] And Abu Hurayrah (radhi allahu anhu) said, "One may fast them together if he wishes." [(saheeh) Daaraqutnee, al-Irwa (4/95)]

However, it is not permissible to postpone al-Qadaa fasts until after the next Ramadan without a legal excuse like, continuous illness, nursing mothers, etc.

If one does not make al-Qadaa of the missed fasts until the next Ramadaan, then he should make al-Qadaa and feed a poor person for each day. Abu Hurayrah (radhi allahu anhu) narrates concerning a person who falls sick and thus breaks his fast and does not make al-Qadaa of his missed fasts until the next Ramadaan arrives, "He should fast the present Ramadaan, and then make al-Qadaa for the missed fasts of the previous Ramadaan and feed a poor person for each missed fast. [Reported by Daraqutni]

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Guidelines concerning Things that Break the Fast

On the following page, are mentioned things, which nullify the fast. All of them, apart from menses and nifas, only invalidate the fast if three conditions are met:

= The person was aware of the ruling and not ignorant of it. If he does not know the ruling then it does not break his fast, because Allah says: "And there is no sin on you concerning that in which you made a mistake, except in regard to what your hearts deliberately intend." [Soorah al-Ahzab (33): 5]

= The person did it knowingly and not out of forgetfulness. The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said: "My Ummah is forgiven for mistakes and forgetfulness and for what they are forced to do." Similar is the case of the person, who does something that breaks the fast, thinking that it does not break the fast.

= The person did it by choice and not due to force. The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said: "My Ummah is forgiven for mistakes and forgetfulness and for what they are forced to do." See, Fatawa Shaikh Ibn Uthaimeen (vol. 1, p. 508)
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Eating and Drinking Intentionally: It is well known that fasting is abstaining from eating and drinking, therefore, if one eats or drinks deliberately and in full consciousness, he is obliged to make al-Qadaa for the sin he committed. However, he, who eats or drinks accidentally or out of forgetfulness or is forced, nothing is required from him.

The Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said, "If one of you eats and drinks out of forgetfulness, then let him complete his fast (maintain his fast for the rest of the day) for it was indeed Allah, Who gave him food and drink." [Saheeh al-Bukharee (41135) and Saheeh Muslim (no. 1155)] Thus, while eating or drinking, if one remembers that he is fasting, he must immediately stop and spit out any food still present in his mouth and continue his fast.

Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said, "Allah has excused for my Ummah mistakes, forgetfulness and what they are forced to do." [(Saheeh) ad-Daraqutnee (4/171) from Ibn Abbas]

Anything that Comes Under the Same Heading as Eating and Drinking also invalidates the fast. This includes two things,
1. Transfusion of blood to the fasting person invalidates the fast because blood is formed from food and drink.
2. Nourishment via needle as in the case of a drip or injections intended for nourishment or substitute for food will render the fast invalid.

Vomiting Intentionally: Whoever vomits deliberately by sticking his finger in his throat, pressing his stomach, deliberately smelling something nasty or persisting in looking at something that makes him vomit, has to make al-Qadaa.

Allah's Messenger (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said, "Whoever has an attack of vomiting, then no atonement is required of him, but whoever vomits intentionally then let him make atonement for it." [Abu Dawood (2/310), at-Tirmidhee (3/79), Ibn Majah (1/536) and Musnad Ahmad (2/498). Its isnaad is saheeh as Shaikhul-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah said in Haqeeqat as-Siyaam (p. 14).]

Menstruation and Post-Natal Bleeding, When a woman begins to menstruate (haid) or begins afterbirth bleeding (nifas) during the fasting hours of Ramadaan, whether it is at the start of the fast or a moment before sunset; her fast is nullified. She must make up for that day and the rest of the days until she is pure again, and if she were to continue fasting during her days of menstruation, it would not count, for the Prophet (sallallahu alaihi wa-sallam) said, "Is it not that when she gets her period, she does not pray or fast?" [Saheeh al-Bukharee (304)]

The order of al-Qadaa is known by the following Hadeeth in which a woman asked Aa'isha (radhi allahu anha), "Why is it that the menstruating woman has to make up her fasts but not the prayers?" She (radhi allahu anha) said, "We were ordered to make up the fasts and were never ordered to make up the prayers." [Saheeh al-Bukharee (4/429) and Saheeh Muslim (no. 335)]

Blood that Invalidates Fasting
= If the blood comes out as a result of a person's action or choice and its amount is large and has an effect on the person's body, then this invalidates his fast (such as donating blood). One should make up that day (so as to avoid an area of scholarly dispute and be on the safe side and be sure that he has fulfilled his obligation).

= If the blood comes out as the result of a person's actions or choice and its amount is small and it does not harm the person, then it does not invalidate the fast, such as the small amount of blood that is taken for testing.

= If the blood comes out as a result of no deliberate action, such as an accident or nosebleed or an injury to any part of the body, the fast is still valid even if the amount of blood is large.

= If the blood that comes out as a result of no deliberate action and is of such a large amount that the person becomes weak and unable to fast, then it is permissible for him to break his fast and he should fast another day to make up for it.

= The blood of menstruation (haid) and post-natal bleeding (nifas) invalidates the fast for the women, she must make up for that day and rest of the days until she is pure again. See, Fatawa Islamiyyah, 2/132 and al-Lajnah al-Daa'imah li'l-Buhooth al-'Ilmiyyah wa'l-Ifta, 10/263

FATAWA
The Ruling on Using Pills that Postpone Menstruation Period

"It is preferable for a woman to keep to her natural cycle and to accept that which Allah has decreed for her, and not take any medicine to prevent her period. She should accept what Allah has decreed for her of not fasting during her period, and make up those days later on. This is what the mothers of the believers and the women of the Salaf used to do." Fatawa al-Lajnah al-Daimah (10/151)

Note: It has been medically proven that these means of preventing menstruation are harmful and many women have suffered menstrual irregularities as a result.

I did not Fast Ramadaan, Without any Physical Excuse
Allamah Ibn Baz (rahimahullah) replied, "It is necessary upon you to make up that month in which you did not fast, while, at the same time, repenting and seeking Allah's forgiveness. You must also feed a poor person for every day the amount of half a sa' of the staple food of dates, rice or other such foods, if you have the ability to do so. If you are poor and do not have the ability to do so, then there is nothing upon you besides the making up of the fast." 'Fatawa on Fasting, Zakaat and Taraweeh,' Published by Darussalam

Taken from As-Sunnah Newsletter
Reference: qsep.com

في المفطرات

Summary

1) The time when fasting starts.

2) The seven nullifiers of fast, its rulings, and the judgment of one who commits it forgetfully.

3) Using Siwaak (tooth brush), and mascara while is allowed.

4)The Sunnah when breaking the fast.


O people! Be conscious of Allah and thank Him for making His Deen, or religion, clear to you. Follow in the footsteps of the Prophets and messengers in the way they obeyed Allah and were conscious of Him. Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala has commanded things so do not neglect or waste them. He also defined limits and borders so do not transgress them.


Among the boundaries that Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala has set and clarified is that of fasting. This is one of the pillars of Islam. Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala made very clear when fasting starts and when it ends, both in terms of the month in which it starts and in terms of what time of the day each individual fast is to start and end. Allah said regarding this month: “... So whoever of you sights (the crescent on the first night of) the month (of Ramadan, i.e. is present at his home), he must fast that month” (Al-Baqarah: 185).


Also, in a Hadith of the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) he said: “If you see it then fast and if you see it then break your fast (meaning mark that as the end of the month). If you could not see it because of clouds then count of the month as having thirty days”.


‘It’ here is referring to the crescent. Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala says which translates as: “... So now have sexual relationships with them (your wives) and seek that which Allah has ordained for you (offspring), and eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears to you distinct from the black thread (darkness of night)” (Al-Baqarah: 187)


Then we are to continue fasting until the following nightfall. Once you distinguish that it is dawn either by actually seeing it if you were outside in the open, or by hearing the Adhan, which is the call for prayer, that indicates dawn, then the time of fasting has started. This will end at the following sunset. The Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) said to his companions, may Allah be pleased with them: “Bilal calls the Adhan while it is still dark so (continue to) eat and drink until you hear the Adhan of Ibn Umm Makhtum, for he does not call the Adhan until it is dawn”.


He (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) also said: “When the night comes from this side (and he pointed towards the east) and when the day or the light leaves from this side (and he pointed towards the west) and the sun sets then the fasting person can break his fast”.


O people! Be aware that there are seven categories of actions, which will nullify your fast:


Number One: Having sexual intercourse with his/her spouse. This is one of the worst ways of deliberately terminating one’s fast. If this occurs then one must pay a Kafarah, or expiation. Indeed this incurs a very harsh penalty if this sin was to have taken place during the daytime in the month of Ramadan by someone upon whom it was obligatory to fast. The punishment is that they must release a slave; if they do not find one then they must fast consecutively for two months. If they are unable to do this then they must feed sixty poor persons.


Number Two: Deliberate discharge of sperm. This may occur due to kissing, touching, hugging, masturbating (which is forbidden even when not fasting) or any other means. If however this occurs during one’s sleep then it does not nullify the fast. This is because the sleeping person has no control of his body and therefore could not have deliberately done this.


Number Three: Eating and/or drinking. This is allowing food or drink go to reach one’s stomach irrespective of whether it isHalal (permissible) or Haram (forbidden). It is also irrespective of whether it has entered through one’s mouth or nose. Regarding this the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) said: ‘Exaggerate in performing the Wudhu’ and putting the water in your nose unless you are fasting’. This is proof of the fact that anything that enters through the nose is akin to something entering through the mouth. On the other hand, smelling things do not break ones fast as this does not result in anything entering the stomach.


Number Four: Anything having the same effect as eating and/or drinking. This can be by means of needles, drops or supplements as long as it has nutritional value. On the other hand if these do not have any nutritional value then using them would not affect your fast in any way.


Number Five: Drawing out blood and Hijamah (cupping). Hijamah is something that is done by means of needles or razors to make holes in the skin in order to get bad blood out of the body. The Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) said: “The one who gets the blood out of his body and the one doing this for him have both broken their fast”.


If however one takes or draws blood out of his body to analyse it for sicknesses, then this is something that does not break the fast because it is something that has a negligible effect on the body, unlike the effect that Hijamah would have. Also, if one has a nosebleed or bleeding due to extracting a tooth, then this will not affect the fast, as this is unintentional and uncontrollable. One should take care not to swallow any blood in these cases though as this is impermissible whether one is fasting or not. Opening a wound to expel pus from a wound, even if this results in a discharge of blood, will also not affect the fast.


In the case of a fasting person having blood taken from his body in order to donate it to a needy donor, this is something that would break the fast as it involves an excessive amount of blood, just as Hijamah does. Therefore, it is not permissible for fasting persons to have blood taken from them and to donate it to others unless the benefactor is in a critical condition and cannot wait until sunset. In this case, it is permissible for the donor to have a certain amount of blood extracted from him due to necessity. The donor may eat and drink that day but must make up a days fasting in the future due to this day – which counts as a missed fast.


Number Six: Intentionally vomiting. Intentionally vomiting will nullify one’s fast. If one were to vomit unintentionally then this would not nullify the fast because the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) said: “He who vomits unwillingly does not have to make up for it (his fast), but he who vomits intentionally must make up for it”.


The six categories of actions that I have mentioned so far that would nullify one’s fast would only do so if one were to knowingly and willingly do them. If one were to commit these acts due to forgetfulness or ignorance then they are not held responsible and do not need to make them up.


The proof for this is the saying of Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala: “...And there is no sin on you concerning that in which you made a mistake, except in regard to what your hearts deliberately intend” (Al-Ahzab: 5)


Imam Bukhari narrated an authentic tradition from Asma bint Abu Bakr (Radhiyallahu Anha) where she said: ‘During the time of the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) we broke our fast on a cloudy day (thinking that it was sunset) but then the sun came out (and so we realised that we had ended our fast too early)’.


She did not state that the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) commanded them to make up for this day and had it been that he (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) had commanded this, and then she surely would have mentioned it. This is because Allah Subhanahu Wa Taalawould not let a ruling that is an obligation pass without clarifying it.

So, once a person has committed such a mistake and realizes that it is still daytime, he must immediately refrain from eating or drinking. If he were to continue eating or drinking then his fast would be nullified. Nothing nullifies or breaks the fasting if done in a state of forgetfulness because Allah says which translates as: “Our Lord! Do not punish us if we forget or fall in to a mistake” (Al-Baqarah: 286).


Also, the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) said: “He or she who forgot that they were fasting and then eat and drink, then let him or her continue their fasting because it is Allah Subhanahu wa Taala who gave them that food and drink”.


But if they were to remember or are reminded that they are fasting, then they must immediately stop eating or drinking. If they were to continue then their fast would be nullified. If they are reminded whilst food or drink is in their mouth, then they must spit out the contents of their mouth as swallowing will nullify their fast.


If one sees a fasting person eating or drinking in a state of forgetfulness, then they must remind that person. This is an example of enjoining good and righteousness.


It does not nullify one’s fast if something was to happen forcefully, such as dust entering the stomach, or if a small quantity of water were to enter the stomach due to a mistake made during Wudhu. This may happen for example by gargling or snorting water too violently.


Number Seven: menstrual or post-natal bleeding. This is where blood is discharged by a woman as part of the menstrual period or during the time immediately following pregnancy. As soon as this blood is discharged, even if it was just one second before sunset, then that days’ fasting is rendered null and void. If a woman were to get the feeling in her body that the blood is about to come out, but it does not actually do so until sunset or later, then this is not a problem and her fast is still intact. A fasting person can use mascara; perfume, eye or ear drops and apply medicine to their wounds. However they cannot smell or inhale the vapour that emanates from some perfumes and incense, as this will reach their stomach.


A fasting person can cool themselves by rinsing their bodies with water or wetting their clothes. It is reported that Imam Malik(Radhiyallahu Anhu) narrated from some of the companions of the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) that they said:“We saw the Prophet (Salla Allahu Alaihi Wa Sallam) pouring water on his head due to the intense heat and thirst (that he was suffering from) while he was fasting”.


‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab (Radhiyallahu Anhu) used to wet his garments and wear them whilst fasting. It is also permissible for the fasting person to use the Miswak, or tooth-stick, at any time of the day, whether it is at the beginning, middle, or end of the day. In fact it is the Sunnah to use it. It is better to use the Miswak at the time of Salah, Wudhu, when waking up from sleep and when first entering one’s house.


It is also the Sunnah of the Prophet (Radhiyallahu Anhu) that a fasting person breaks his fast with Ruthab, which is type of ripe date. If this is unavailable then one should use dates and failing this then one should use water. Otherwise, one should eat or drink anything, which is permissible as soon as the sun sets.


If one happens to be in a place with no food or drink at sunset then he must intend to break his fast in his heart and should not suck his finger, as some people do.


O believers! Protect your Siyyam, or fasting, and do not indulge in disputed arguments, sleeping with your wives, telling lies and giving false testimony. This is because for those who do not abstain from lying and giving false testimony, AllahSubhanahu Wa Taala has no need of them to abstain from food and drinks.


O believers! Perform Salah at its due time in congregation. Exert more effort in performing optional Salah and in the remembrance of Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala. Recite more of the Qur’an, give more in charity, abstain from the prohibited things that Allah Subhanahu Wa Taala commanded you to stay away from, such as Namimah, or backbiting.
Broadly speaking, Namimah means to cheat, lie or curse and includes all forms of false speech. If someone were to curse you or attempt to dispute with you, then you should say ‘Indeed I am fasting, I am fasting’, thereby avoiding such problems.


Stay away from listening to music on the radio or anywhere else because fasting is a shield with which people prevent themselves from sinning and by which they rescue themselves from the hellfire. We must not commit sins or neglect our obligations while fasting because this will dramatically reduce our reward.


“O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may become conscious of Allah”. (Al-Baqarah: 183)
@JonAsad
 
Zarvan said:
So tonight will be the first taraweeh in Indonesia and share how Ramadan is shared in Indonesia foods and other details @Kaan you share about Turkey
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Actually yesterday nigh is the first Tarawih for some part of Indonesian Muslim, we usually have different starting and ending, as some people uses Hisab, and some people uses rukyah to find the first and ending of Ramadhan.
 

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