Care to elaborate on that?
Please indicate what is the contribution of Russia, Israel, Europe and America in Indian space program.
As far as my knowledge goes, these are their contribution:
Russia: Launched some early experimental Indian sattelites in 70's and early 80's. Put an Indian man in space and sold 7 cryogenic engines for the GSLV upper stage.
US: Built and launched the first series of INSAT satellites in 1980's. Imposed embargoes on ISRO and DRDO for last 2 decades.
Europes: ESA-Ariane launches heavy (>2.5tonnes) INSAT satellites.
Israel: India launched Israeli spy satellite, like they have done for many other countries.
Presently all Satellites are indigenous. PSLV is indigenous. GSLV is 90% indigenous, only the final cryogenic stage rocket is from Russia. The Indian Cryogenic engine development is almost complete. GSLV Mark-II & Mark-III are completely indigenous.
In an attempt to maintain the GSLV development schedule which called for a first flight as early as 1997, India in 1992 contracted with Russia to buy a liquid oxygen/liquid hydrogen engine (KVD-1/KVD-7.5) developed in the 1970's for the heavy-lift N-1 launch vehicle. The plan, which had been in negotiations since 1988 came under fire from the US which considered the transfer of such technology a violation of the Missile Technology Control Regime. Eventually, a compromise was reached which allowed the Russian Federation to supply a limited number of engines to India (seven) without the transfer of critical technologies. The first engine was delivered in 1996 for the planned inaugural GSLV mission in late 1997 or early 1998.
The delivery to India of Russian cryogenic acceleration blocks (CAB) (the so-called cryogenic engines) and preparations for launching a GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) equipped with a CAB is a major joint project between India and Russia. It is expected in India that with the help of CABs they would be able to launch into a geosynchronous orbit effective loads of up to 2.5 tons
The contracts signed by the Russian State Committee for Space Exploration and the Indian Space Research Organisation [ISRO] were to be performed on the Russian side by the Salyut Design Bureau of the Khrunichev Research and Production Centre. Salyut opened its representative office in Madras, 100 km from the SHAR space launch grounds (Sriharikota Peninsula, Andhra-Pradesh), because the assembly, autonomous systems tests and comprehensive tests of CAB demanded permanent presence of Russian specialists, from 6 to 50 persons at a time.
For this project, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and other compressed gases supply systems, an automated control system for the preparation and fuelling of CABs were developed and made in Russia. More than 80 railway freight cars of equipment were delivered to the SHAR Centre space-launch grounds by sea. In 1996 a CAB model was delivered; its transportation of which by air (AN-124) cost to India US$200,000. In 1998 the fuelling CAB model and the first of the seven flying blocks were delivered. Compressed gases supply and hydrogen purification systems were adjusted and subjected to autonomous testing, as well as fuelling and other automated control systems were adjusted both at the launching grounds and at the Centre for Liquid-Propelled Engine Systems (Mahendraghiri, Tamilnadu). For this purpose almost 160 Russian specialists were sent to India during 1998 for a term of up to 2 months and some 50 specialists for shorter terms.
At the SHAR launching grounds, autonomous systems tests were completed and the automated control system was adjusted. Comprehensive tests in mid-1999 were the final stage of preparatory work.
The repeatedly postponed launching of the GSLV with a cryogenic accelerating block was scheduled for September 1999. The launch was delayed through the fault of both parties: the Indians were unable to fulfil their part of work in time, while the Russian side had to face financial and economic difficulties.
Ground equipment delivered to the SHAR space center will be maintained for 20 years under the designer's supervision to be exercised by Salyut which is to provide additional supplies of units and systems under new contracts.
In the opinion of ISRO specialists, their CAB will be similar to Russian engines in terms of technical characteristics, but will be lighter and more powerful.
Above clearly shows Indian program is totally home build while Pakistanis are getting help from China.
keep it cool dudes
