arp2041
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Technology Transfers and Co-Production for Indian defense needs. When the 1st Air Fleet of the Japanese Imperial Navy left the Hitokappu Base situated in the Japanese archipelagos northernmost island of Hokkaido, there was a lot of thought behind the movement. Contrary to the beliefs, Japanese Naval Strategist, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto was not gambling when he sought the Emperors authorization and masterminded the largest naval movement in history. After all, the 1st Air Fleet consisted of the Kido Butai, the Worlds largest Carrier Battle Group that was formed of 6 Aircraft Carriers (with accompanying fleets of Destroyers, Frigates and Tankers), over 400 fighter aircrafts (including Kamikaze Divisions) and 24 Submarines. What followed in the next 15 days changed the ground realities of World War II as America was forced into the War. The attack and ravaging of the American base at Pearl Harbor, which resulted in the death of over 2100 American soldiers and injuring several hundred others, had a direct precedent in Japanese inferiority complex stemming from dependence. Even though the primary reason of the pre-empt strike was Japanese ambitions to control resource rich South East Asia, there was a great fear lingering in the Japanese psyche at the time. Japan was highly dependent on American machine tools, aircraft assembly, strategic technology and oil and when American President Franklin D Roosevelt administration voted in favor of an embargo restricting supplies, the Japanese were inconsolably irked.
Yamamoto and his war strategists knew that Japans dependence on America could cost it dearly in the medium term and the outcome of the War had everything to do with unrestricted supplies of required accouterments from America. The Japanese believed that a concentrated Military effort of a large scale would demoralize the Americans and would swiftly bring the latter to the negotiating table, meeting Japanese demands to restart replenishment lines immediately. Little did the Japanese know, Pearl Harbors unprovoked massacre acted as a wakeup call for the mighty American war machinery and the rest as we know it is history. Therefore the reason for the Japanese fear was simple; the Americans were self sufficient while the Japanese were not. From the time of the Meiji Restoration, which started some 50 years prior to the War, the Japanese had benefited greatly from the newly devised Transfer of Technology (ToT) and Co-Production schemes from Europe and America and now had no qualms in getting what they wanted through force or otherwise. America on the other hand had a more powerful and developed Military Complex at the time and biggest advantage (and Japans biggest fear) was Americas complete self reliance as a war machine, the deciding difference that contributed greatly to the wars final outcome.
If not earlier, India finds itself at the juncture where Japan found itself during the Meiji Restoration. In a bid towards self reliance, India can increasingly find itself in Japanese boots during situations where it is held at ransom by those it depends upon. During the Kargil Conflict, the US led embargo resulted in restricted supply of ammunitions from countries such as Switzerland and the UK causing several Artillery equipments lying useless. Off course, India would not summon its undersized vintage INS Virat led Carrier Battle Group and try to get answers to its vindictive questions. The Geo-Political situation of the 21st Century is different to that of the early 20th Century and aggression is simply not the answer However, it is still pertinent to understand the relevance of Transfer of Technology (ToT) and Co-production from a foreign power. Being at a nascent stage in Defense Development and Production, India clearly needs friends who are willing to help it in its mission to achieve its goals of self sufficiency. The idea is to be self reliant in defense as fast as possible and the good news is that with its new found economic might and will, India might just have the bargaining power it so deserves. In a bid to prevent such fears (as faced by the Japanese during WW II) in the future, India must strive for 100% self sufficiency when it comes to defending its strategic interests. Indian defense budget is worth over $35 billion and is expected to grow by 17% in the financial year 2012-13; there are undoubtedly enormous trade volumes at Indias disposal. In a recent report, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) states that Indian defense spending rose 38% between 2007 and 2011 and India being the largest importer of arms took deliveries of almost 10% of all arms produced out of the total worth over $1.2 Trillion destined for exports. Raking in the moolah that is being offered, like the Russians and the French, Israel has been a major partner of India in not only defense but various other fields. The Indo-Israel Arms Trade is valued between $9 and 10 Billion and growing rapidly. Contributing to almost 50% of Israeli arms exports, India is definitely a significant partner; however the most important part in this relationship is the fact that time and again Israel has emerged as reliable and dependable.
The emergence of Israel as a partner in defense majorly started in 2004 with the $1.1 Billion sale of ELM-2075 AEW radars for Indian Air Forces Russian IL 76 A-50 mounted AWAC (Airborne Early Warning and Control) system. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Elta Electronics Industry are major defense contractors engaged with India. Israel has been a key partner to India in the supply of equipments (with both Transfer of Technology and Co-production) and has been willing to aid India in developing self sufficiency in sensitive technology not available for sale elsewhere. The Indo-Israeli partnership has been built on trust and support and withered various arms embargos by NATO members. Significant to Israeli support has been the development of High Resolution Reconnaissance Satellite, RISAT-2 and the Israeli Avionic suits for IAFs Indo- Russian SU30MKI and Franco-British ground attack fighter, Jaguar. The purchase and Transfer of Technology agreements for Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs) or Drones and the Harpoon rivaling Barak -1 Surface to Air Missile Systems was a special high in the Indo-Israel partnership. Israel has always supported and helped India in getting technology which is sensitive to its future and present needs.
The SIPRI report makes it clear that India and other emerging countries spending big money on imports of defense equipments are doing so in order to develop their own indigenous Military complexes. The case in point is the 30% plow back clause in any defense agreement India signs with a foreign partner; this clause makes it mandatory for any firm doing business with India to source 30% of the deal value from the Indian defense consortium. Even though the Indian Military complex and defense infrastructure is largely government owned and consists of Ordinance factories, R&D Labs and 8 Defense Public Sector Units, there are immense partnership possibilities in the near future. Israel being a fairly large Indian Defense Contractor has huge possibilities in partnering with the newly emerging Indian Private sector, whose ambitions is to become an eminent Defense supplier. With a good track record, Israeli firms can partner with close to 15 Raksha Udyog Ratna (RUR) Status Indian Private Sector Firms in developing weapon systems for the Indian armed forces. Keeping in mind the present mutual needs, the two nations can specially focus on Space co-operation (Joint Development initiatives), Avionics, Unmanned Vehicles (UVs) and Jet Propulsion.
Indian defense budget is expected to rise continuously for the next decade as India uses its monetary muscle to gain technologies for its self reliant future and Israel will be called upon as a friend and partner. For India, Israel may not simply be what America before 1941 was for Japan, a partner who turned hostile but a friend who stands by, come what may. Analysts are convinced that the Indo-Israeli partnership has the potential to be as strong as the one involving India and its all weather friend Russia. With the present Geo-Political climate, both Israel and India face the same problems pertaining to global terrorism and regional volatility and Joint partnerships and Co-production in defense is just the start of this symbiotic partnership between these two countries. Obviously, there is more than gamble in even todays high tech war psyche; clearly there is a lot of thought here as well.
:: Welcome to Purple Beret ::
Yamamoto and his war strategists knew that Japans dependence on America could cost it dearly in the medium term and the outcome of the War had everything to do with unrestricted supplies of required accouterments from America. The Japanese believed that a concentrated Military effort of a large scale would demoralize the Americans and would swiftly bring the latter to the negotiating table, meeting Japanese demands to restart replenishment lines immediately. Little did the Japanese know, Pearl Harbors unprovoked massacre acted as a wakeup call for the mighty American war machinery and the rest as we know it is history. Therefore the reason for the Japanese fear was simple; the Americans were self sufficient while the Japanese were not. From the time of the Meiji Restoration, which started some 50 years prior to the War, the Japanese had benefited greatly from the newly devised Transfer of Technology (ToT) and Co-Production schemes from Europe and America and now had no qualms in getting what they wanted through force or otherwise. America on the other hand had a more powerful and developed Military Complex at the time and biggest advantage (and Japans biggest fear) was Americas complete self reliance as a war machine, the deciding difference that contributed greatly to the wars final outcome.
If not earlier, India finds itself at the juncture where Japan found itself during the Meiji Restoration. In a bid towards self reliance, India can increasingly find itself in Japanese boots during situations where it is held at ransom by those it depends upon. During the Kargil Conflict, the US led embargo resulted in restricted supply of ammunitions from countries such as Switzerland and the UK causing several Artillery equipments lying useless. Off course, India would not summon its undersized vintage INS Virat led Carrier Battle Group and try to get answers to its vindictive questions. The Geo-Political situation of the 21st Century is different to that of the early 20th Century and aggression is simply not the answer However, it is still pertinent to understand the relevance of Transfer of Technology (ToT) and Co-production from a foreign power. Being at a nascent stage in Defense Development and Production, India clearly needs friends who are willing to help it in its mission to achieve its goals of self sufficiency. The idea is to be self reliant in defense as fast as possible and the good news is that with its new found economic might and will, India might just have the bargaining power it so deserves. In a bid to prevent such fears (as faced by the Japanese during WW II) in the future, India must strive for 100% self sufficiency when it comes to defending its strategic interests. Indian defense budget is worth over $35 billion and is expected to grow by 17% in the financial year 2012-13; there are undoubtedly enormous trade volumes at Indias disposal. In a recent report, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) states that Indian defense spending rose 38% between 2007 and 2011 and India being the largest importer of arms took deliveries of almost 10% of all arms produced out of the total worth over $1.2 Trillion destined for exports. Raking in the moolah that is being offered, like the Russians and the French, Israel has been a major partner of India in not only defense but various other fields. The Indo-Israel Arms Trade is valued between $9 and 10 Billion and growing rapidly. Contributing to almost 50% of Israeli arms exports, India is definitely a significant partner; however the most important part in this relationship is the fact that time and again Israel has emerged as reliable and dependable.
The emergence of Israel as a partner in defense majorly started in 2004 with the $1.1 Billion sale of ELM-2075 AEW radars for Indian Air Forces Russian IL 76 A-50 mounted AWAC (Airborne Early Warning and Control) system. Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) and Elta Electronics Industry are major defense contractors engaged with India. Israel has been a key partner to India in the supply of equipments (with both Transfer of Technology and Co-production) and has been willing to aid India in developing self sufficiency in sensitive technology not available for sale elsewhere. The Indo-Israeli partnership has been built on trust and support and withered various arms embargos by NATO members. Significant to Israeli support has been the development of High Resolution Reconnaissance Satellite, RISAT-2 and the Israeli Avionic suits for IAFs Indo- Russian SU30MKI and Franco-British ground attack fighter, Jaguar. The purchase and Transfer of Technology agreements for Unmanned Ariel Vehicles (UAVs) or Drones and the Harpoon rivaling Barak -1 Surface to Air Missile Systems was a special high in the Indo-Israel partnership. Israel has always supported and helped India in getting technology which is sensitive to its future and present needs.
The SIPRI report makes it clear that India and other emerging countries spending big money on imports of defense equipments are doing so in order to develop their own indigenous Military complexes. The case in point is the 30% plow back clause in any defense agreement India signs with a foreign partner; this clause makes it mandatory for any firm doing business with India to source 30% of the deal value from the Indian defense consortium. Even though the Indian Military complex and defense infrastructure is largely government owned and consists of Ordinance factories, R&D Labs and 8 Defense Public Sector Units, there are immense partnership possibilities in the near future. Israel being a fairly large Indian Defense Contractor has huge possibilities in partnering with the newly emerging Indian Private sector, whose ambitions is to become an eminent Defense supplier. With a good track record, Israeli firms can partner with close to 15 Raksha Udyog Ratna (RUR) Status Indian Private Sector Firms in developing weapon systems for the Indian armed forces. Keeping in mind the present mutual needs, the two nations can specially focus on Space co-operation (Joint Development initiatives), Avionics, Unmanned Vehicles (UVs) and Jet Propulsion.
Indian defense budget is expected to rise continuously for the next decade as India uses its monetary muscle to gain technologies for its self reliant future and Israel will be called upon as a friend and partner. For India, Israel may not simply be what America before 1941 was for Japan, a partner who turned hostile but a friend who stands by, come what may. Analysts are convinced that the Indo-Israeli partnership has the potential to be as strong as the one involving India and its all weather friend Russia. With the present Geo-Political climate, both Israel and India face the same problems pertaining to global terrorism and regional volatility and Joint partnerships and Co-production in defense is just the start of this symbiotic partnership between these two countries. Obviously, there is more than gamble in even todays high tech war psyche; clearly there is a lot of thought here as well.
:: Welcome to Purple Beret ::
funny frustration. 
