NEWS AND INFORMATION
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Sometimes we have not enough tym for that dear brother- I will try to memorize ur suggestion. By the way- u r 20% right in this case. other 80% is on my favor. For realizing this fact no need any advocate.
".It really shows how much you know of history of your country!" im not turkish.
also yes the ottoman's had dependencies on european nations however if it held together this would eventually turn around. oil is a powerful export for a country in the interwar period
I am not turkish too. But i know my identity. watch this video-
Mehmet slaughtered many of the population and forced the rest into exile, later repopulating the city by importing people from elsewhere in Ottoman territory.
Mehmet renamed Constantinople Istanbul – the 'city of Islam' - and set about rebuilding it, both physically and politically, as his capital.
Economics
Istanbul became not only a political and military capital, but because of its position at the junction of Europe, Africa, and Asia, one of the great trade centres of the world. Another important city was Bursa, which was a centre of the silk trade.
Some of the later Ottoman conquests were clearly intended to give them control of other trade routes.
Among the goods traded were:
- Silk and other cloth
- Musk
- Rhubarb
- Porcelain from China
- Spices such as pepper
- Dyestuffs such as indigo
The economic strength of the Empire also owed much to Mehmet's policy of increasing the number of traders and artisans in the Empire.
He first encouraged merchants to move to Istanbul, and later forcibly resettled merchants from captured territories such as Caffa.
He also encouraged Jewish traders from Europe to migrate to Istanbul and set up in business there. Later rulers continued these policies.
The siege of Constantinople
When Sultan Mehmet II rode into the city of Constantinople on a white horse in 1453, it marked the end of a thousand years of the Byzantine Empire. Earlier attempts to capture the city had largely failed - so why did the Ottomans succeed this time? What effect did the fall of Constantinople have on the rest of the Christian world?
Roger Crowley, author and historian; Judith Herrin, Professor of Late Antique and Byzantine Studies at King's College London; and Colin Imber, formerly Reader in Turkish at Manchester University discuss these questions.
Effects of the fall of Constantinople
The capture of Constantinople ended the Byzantine Empire after 1100 years. The effect of this on Christian Europe was enormous.
One unexpected effect was that many scholars fled from the new empire and went to Italy, where they were influential in sparking off the Renaissance, and increasing trade with the east.
Although the
Pope demanded a crusade to recapture Istanbul from the Muslims, the Christian nations failed to produce an army for him, and no attempt to retake the city was made.
The Muslim dominance of the trading centre of the former Constantinople increased the pressure on Western nations to find new ways to the East by going westwards. This eventually led to the expeditions of Columbus, Magellan, and Drake.
Decline
The power of the empire was waning by 1683 when the second and last attempt was made to conquer Vienna. It failed. Without the conquest of Europe and the acquisition of significant new wealth the Empire lost momentum and went into a slow decline.
Several other factors contributed to the Empire's decline:
The European powers wanted to expand
Economic problems
Competition from trade from the Americas
Competition from cheap products from India and the Far East
Development of other trade routes
Rising unemployment within the Empire
Ottoman Empire became less centralised, and central control weakened
Sultans being less severe in maintaining rigorous standards of integrity in the adminstration of the Empire
Sultans becoming less sensitive to public opinion
The low quality Sultans of the 17th and 18th centuries
The ending of the execution of Sultan's sons and brothers, imprisoning them instead
This apparently humane process led to men becoming Sultan after spending years in prison - not the best training for absolute power
Flag of Turkey with view of Suleymaniye Mosque, Istanbul Kemal Ataturk created a new modern identity ©
Soon the very word Turk became synonymous with treachery and cruelty. This led Turks like Kemal Ataturk, who was born late in the nineteenth century, to be repelled by the Ottoman Turkish political system and the culture it had evolved. Seeing little but decay and corruption, he led the Turks to create a new modern identity.
The empire officially ended on the 1st November 1922, when the Ottoman sultanate was abolished and Turkey was declared a republic. The Ottoman caliphate continued as an institution, with greatly reduced authority, until it too was abolished on the 3rd March 1924.
yah. after that may be some currupt khalifah came. But ppl of the state never got that burdain. It was internal clash. But country was rulling by the same constitution. 
