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Forum members have expressed their dissatisfaction with my first four proposed reasons to explain the difference between China's and India's infrastructures. I believe that I have found the answer. Since China spends twice as much (as a percentage of GDP) on infrastructure than India, it is perfectly understandable that China's infrastructure is increasingly world-class.
China spends 11% of GDP on infrastructure, India 6%
"China spends 11% of GDP on infrastructure, India 6%
Geethanjali Nataraj
Posted: Thursday, Mar 04, 2010 at 2312 hrs IST"
Let's do the math.
China's GDP (i.e. $5 trillion) is four times larger than India's GDP (i.e. $1.2 trillion).
China's infrastructure budget is 11% of $5 trillion = $550 billion
India's infrastructure budget is 6% of $1.2 trillion = $72 billion
As we can see, China's infrastructure budget is 7.6 times larger than India's.
The last five years of infrastructure improvement in China will require 38 years in India. Hence, I have explained the difference in infrastructure levels between China and India.
not sure about canada but in US, the govt. does not own all the land.
旧的不去新的不来
New one won't come until the old go.
Basically China - looking at other lands around it (and unlike India, there are MANY), from HK, Taiwan to Japan, Korea.........went like this "OMFG ! we better get our **** together !"
i beg 2 disagree sire,
what u said is completely futile coz u have taken ur guestimates on basis of stagnant growth.....
in other words what india is today china was in 1998-99..... ie. 1.4 tr economy.
then came a plethora of heavy investments coz now they were able to do so......they had reasons to do so.....its a stage to stage journey and now indi is on da same stage where china was 11 yrs back.
so if u see till 2021, we will be exactly da same what china is now.....
reason : growth is same ie. 10% (app).
there is some reason why 1 tr is gonna be invested in next 5 yrs.......and u never know what will be da next 2 next 5 yr plan.
if china can why cant we......and infact we are walking exactly on same path as of china.......so why is da skepticism?
I'm not familiar with Russian history. However, I am familiar with American and Chinese histories. For anyone that's interested, I will answer your question regarding the first cryogenic engine for the United States and China.
To place the development of cryogenic rocket engines in its proper historical context, I thought you might want to know that NASA developed the world's first cryo engine in 1961 and China flight-tested her first cryo engine in 1984 (i.e. 26 years ago).
Cryogenic rocket engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The first operational cryogenic rocket engine was the 1961 NASA design the RL-10 LOX LH2 rocket engine, which was used in the Saturn 1 rocket employed in the early stages of the Apollo moon landing program."
YF-73 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"The YF-73 is China's first successful, cryogenic, gimballed engine, using liquid hydrogen (LH2) fuel and liquid oxygen (LOX) oxidizer. It was developed in the early 1980s and first flight was in 1984."
I don't think that it will take 38 years, but it may require at least 20 years.
You claim that India is roughly 11 years behind China. Let's test the claim.
IMO, 40 -50 years gap at least infratructure, if India proves to be very lucky, and that's a big "if".
"The current Indian GDP is roughly euqivalent to CHina's at 1998-99" is an ignorant blunder; hence its conclusion of "11 years difference ( in both GDP and infrastructure, etc. ) " is laughable at best.
1. The key conditions that China took off further from 1999 till now were no longer exist today and mostly likely also for the next 11 years during which India "is supposed to catch up CHina's level of 2010 in 2021".
These conditions are multifacet, including prices of natural resources as a major issue to establish another "world manufaturer"( India?) and to build another "China-scale infrastructure", given that China will not be giving up her niche there and world's natural resource are limited ( e.g. Think: what's oil price in 1999, and what's it today and tomorrow).
The conditions further include stablility of worlds's economic, political and geopolitical environments of 1989-2010 and 2010-2021, with the former period being Internet(IT) driven and FED-led stable wordwide high growth period, while the latter likely not after this world financial crisis ( without a clear driver).
same is the case with growth. and indians real GDP growth is 9% which is inclusive of effects of inflation. as u said a decade back 1.4 tr was much higher than 1.4 today..exactly, 5 tr today will be much lesser than 5 tr a decade hence.......but u can see the prices of commodities is also increasing, hence govt revenue will also be equivalent, ie. inclusive of inflation effect....... ITS NOT LIKE A BANANA WAS $1 a decade back and still its $1 today but inflation has been high without considering the price of basic commodities.today the price of banana is more than $1 depending on inflation.....Also, indian economy is internally driven unlike china. so food inflation is a natural process and hence inflation in india will consider all these factors. bottomline is indian inflation in every 5 yrs comes back to 2-3 % without effecting the growth achieved. its a gradual process, the more u invest, more is da inflation. but when that investment start riping fruits, the inflation becomes digestable. its all function of how much the population earn and can spend...... the problem is da GINI effect which i agree to u will be a problem....but again its a gradual process and will be contained, but not like after 40-50 yrs......2. USD 1 of 1998 is not the same as USD 1 today due to accumulated inflation. Indeed there is a huge difference between the two. Any entrance-level bank loan clerk would have enough knowledge on why is that. Therefore, USD 1.4 trillion today is in fact a much smaller amount in 1998. Hence the so called "11 year difference" deducted from that is quite retarded, really. ( here we again assume that China's population of 1998 is the same as India's today).
3. The conditions of how China achieved at 1989 level ( futher lower prices of oil pre-1998, etc) were different from the conditions of how India achieved her current 2010 level. These conditions are no longer available today and likely tomorrow.
In fact India today, in 2010, hasn't even maginally achieved what China has already settled long before 1998 (fundamental policies such as agricutural reform, foreign trade and related legal/tax policy, etc., which greatly enabled the boom of the following period). And the general consensus that India won't be able to achieve that in the forseeable future further dimishes India's chance of quality high growth, by which I mean high growth rate with low inflation , not high growth rates with even higher inflations that India has expericend in recent years . Economically, that is a long-term suicide in fact– M. Singh knew that as an economist; yet he still keeps doing it . Only one explaination for that : he is well into his 80s, wtf he cares ?
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as i say, my comparision was completely on basis of GDP and growth rate......how and why is irrelevant ...
ultimately growth rate is something that matters rite
exactly, so u never know what works for which country. dont u think that open support of developed world for india and strong investment frm all over da world will only make indian markets more nondiversified and strong.
as u said sir, its a global world in todays date and things which worked decades back wont work now but the things that work are in indian favour......plz analyse.
again bringing ur argument sir......we are focussing more on renewable sources just lyk china..... indian investment in solar power, wind energy and nuclear power is THE MAXIMUM. so u can contemplate, things are only in positive direction. :
CMon sir, there hasnt been a single decade where world didnt faced fiancial crisis.
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But if u see, India was never affected in its growth....
OUR ECONOMY IS INTERNAL CONSUMPTION DRIVEN and not export driven lyk china a decade back.
same is the case with growth. and indians real GDP growth is 9% which is inclusive of effects of inflation. as u said a decade back 1.4 tr was much higher than 1.4 today..exactly, 5 tr today will be much lesser than 5 tr a decade hence.......but u can see the prices of commodities is also increasing, hence govt revenue will also be equivalent, ie. inclusive of inflation effect....... ITS NOT LIKE A BANANA WAS $1 a decade back and still its $1 today but inflation has been high without considering the price of basic commodities.today the price of banana is more than $1 depending on inflation.....Also, indian economy is internally driven unlike china. so food inflation is a natural process and hence inflation in india will consider all these factors. bottomline is indian inflation in every 5 yrs comes back to 2-3 % without effecting the growth achieved. its a gradual process, the more u invest, more is da inflation. but when that investment start riping fruits, the inflation becomes digestable. its all function of how much the population earn and can spend...... the problem is da GINI effect which i agree to u will be a problem....but again its a gradual process and will be contained, but not like after 40-50 yrs......
As i said, things are not same but they wont be in coming times too..... its bout adaptability and indians are best in that.plus developed nations support will only help rather than otherwise.
As u say sire......