usman_1112
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Intelligence budgets are secret, so what we know about them is not comprehensive - but the glimpses. After 9/11, Congress and EU have pumped lot money in that business. USA and EU Intelligence community after 9/11 has spend more than 1.0 trillion dollars and double its size since 9/11, USA spend more than US$ 500 billion on spying agency. The plans to increase domestic spying are estimated to be worth billions of dollars in new business for the intelligence contractors
The spy agencies are "bracing for a new era of austerity. More than eight years into the global "war on terror," spying has become one of the fastest-growing private industries in the EU and USA.
$ 200 dollars paid by every American for spy agencies funds every year. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was established on 25 November 2002 by the Homeland Security Act. Representing the most substantial reorganization of federal government agencies since the 1947 National Security Act, the DHS incorporates 22 government agencies and with more than 200,000 employees and is the third largest Cabinet department in the federal government. The National Foreign Intelligence Program (NFIP), The Joint Military Intelligence Program (JMIP), Tactical Intelligence and Related Activities (TIARA),
JMIP and TIARA finance only activities of the Department of Defense. Non-defense agencies or activities funded from NFIP include
(1) The Central Intelligence Agency, (2) FBI foreign counterintelligence and intelligence activities, (3) The State Department Bureau of Intelligence and Research, (4) the Department of Energy Office of Intelligence,(5)! The Department of Treasury Office of Intelligence Support.
Agencies within the Defense Department funded at least in part from NFIP include
(1) The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), which designs, builds, and Operates spy satellites; (2) the National Security Agency (NSA), which monitors, collects,
deciphers, and analyzes signals intelligence;(3)the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), which was formally inaugurated in 2003, which makes maps, including sophisticated digital maps for military operations; (4) the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), which collects and analyzes a
Variety of defense-wide intelligence.
The law passed in December 2004 created a director of national intelligence or DNI to oversee the 16 agencies that make up the U.S. intelligence community.
According to Tim Shorrock, investigative journalist and author of Spies for Hire: The Secret World of Intelligence Outsourcing, the Pentagon now controls more than 80% of US intelligence spending, which he estimated at about $60 billion in 2007. As Mel Goodman, former CIA official and now an analyst at the Center for International Policy, observed, "The Pentagon has been the big bureaucratic winner in all of this."2008 -$70 billion and in 2009- $80 billion dollars spending.
In the greatest surveillance effort ever established, the US National Security Agency (NSA) has created a global spy system, code-named ECHELON, which captures and analyses virtually every phone call, fax, e-mail and telex message sent anywhere in the world. ECHELON is controlled by the NSA and is operated in conjunction with the General Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) of the UK, the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) of Canada, the Australian Defence Security Directorate (DSD), and the General Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) of New Zealand. These organisations are bound together under a secret agreement, the UKUSA Security Agreement of 1948, whose terms and text remain under wraps even today.
Washington has an agreement with the UAE, allowing US forces to use some of the country's military facilities The US intelligence community now employs 100,000 staff. Its operating budget remained classified until two months ago. On 28 October, Director of National Intelligence (DNI) John M McConnell reported that the aggregate amount of funds appropriated by Congress to the National Intelligence Program (NIP) for fiscal year 2008 was US$47.5 billion.9.2 %increase a 9.2 percent increase over 2007's $43.5 billion.
The DNI position epitomizes the incomplete post-9/11 intelligence reforms that have characterized the Bush administration. Following the recommendations of the bipartisan 9/11 Commission, the 2004 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act created the DNI.
The position was politicized from the outset, however, when then-secretary of defense Donald Rumsfeld politicked to ensure that funding authority over roughly 80 percent of the intelligence community's budget remained under DoD control. The end result was that authority of the new DNI was undercut, leaving him largely unable to impose greater intelligence coordination, which was reform's intention.
The 16 intelligence agencies under McConnell's purview include the military's intelligence-gathering agencies, the National Security Agency (NSA), the CIA and the FBI. The ideal Washington bureaucratic flowchart would see all the units seamlessly, integrated, but in reality they engage in frequent turf wars, while intelligence flows are vertical, rarely horizontal.
McConnell acknowledged this himself during a December address at Harvard University: "We designed our own system to make the attacks of 9/11 successful."
Another element in the bureaucratic consolidation process was the establishment in 2004 of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), whose operations room contains a giant plasma screen showing every plane approaching the US. The NCTC has five teams working 12-hour shifts to analyze more than 6,000 reports from satellite, electronic and human intelligence sources daily. In July, the American Civil Liberties Union reported that the nation's terrorist watch list had reached one million names.
President Harry Truman established the NSA in 1952 with a presidential directive that remains classified to this day. The US Government did not acknowledge the existence of the NSA until 1957. Its original mission was to conduct the signal intelligence (SIGINT) and communications security (COMSEC) for the United States. President Ronald Reagan added the tasks of information systems security and operations security training in 1984 and 1988 respectively. A 1986 law charged the NSA with supporting combat operations for the Department of Defense.
The data used by NCTC analysts is provided by the NSA's top secret worldwide Echelon electronic global surveillance network of satellites, and ground-based listening posts constantly feed streams of millions of intercepted telephone, e-mail, fax, microwave and cellular telephone transmissions into banks of NSA supercomputers.
The vast network created by the UKUSA community stretched across the globe and into the reaches of space. Land-based intercept stations, intelligence ships sailing the seven seas and top-secret satellites whirling 20,000 miles overhead all combine to empower the NSA and its UKUSA allies with access to the entire global communications network. Very few signals escape its electronic grasp.
Originally, only two stations were responsible for Intelsat intercepts: Morwenstow in England, and Yakima in the US state of Washington. However, when the Intelsat 5 series was replaced with the Intelsat 701 and 703 satellites-which had much more precise transmission beams that prohibited reception of southern hemisphere signals from the Yakima based in the northern hemisphere-additional facilities were constructed in Australia and New Zealand.
Echelon, under U.S.'s NSA and other world superpowers, can intercept two billion phone calls per day, along with faxes and e-mails and other electronic communications.
The intelligence-sharing system to be managed by the NAO will rely heavily on private contractors including Boeing, BAE Systems, L-3 Communications and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). These companies already provide technology and personnel to U.S. agencies involved in foreign intelligence, and the NAO greatly expands their markets.
The Muslim population in Austria is around 350,000 or 4.1 percent of the total in 2008. Austria has 4 main intelligence agency in the country (1)Heeresnachrichtenamt (HNA) (Army Intelligence Office) (2)Abwehramt (AWA) (Military Protective Office) (3)Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung (BVT) (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Counter-Terrorism) (4)Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung (LVT) (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution and Counter-Terrorism)
According to The Sun, the total budget for MI6, the domestic intelligence service MI5, Special Branch--the national security arm of Britain's police--and government listening post Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is currently about 1.6 billion pounds (2.4 billion euros, 3.1 billion dollars)in 2007 ,in 2008 £3.5 billion pounds.
UK has 10 different intelligence agencies working to safe guard the UK interest, total budget is more than £3.5 billion in 2008.Scotland Yards Anti-Terrorist Branch "Scotland Yard's anti-terrorist unit and special branch have merged into a 1,500-strong counter-terrorism command, known as SO15, in London.
MI5 its mandate includes two goals: protecting national security and safeguarding the economic wellbeing of the nation, MI5 has about 3,500 staff, twice what it had in 2001, The Service [MI5] increased its spend during 2005/06 by nearly 29% against 2004/05...at the time of publication, the total number of staff in the service is around 3,200, with a further 690 individuals (including Northern Ireland) due to be recruited over 2007/2008, MI5 expects to have 4,000 staff in 2011, and 25% of them will work outside MI5's London headquarters
"Throughout Britain over 4 million surveillance cameras (that's one for every 15 people in the country) record a staggering 600,000 images an hour. MI5 reports that it is actively monitoring some 1,200 at the moment - three times as many as in 2004 - and each case can require a team of 30 or more people to maintain a full surveillance operation
MI6: Also known as Secret Intelligence Services, MI6 has no legal authority to act within the borders of the British Islands. Like the CIA, MI6 stations agents abroad to collect and analyze, Official Committee on Terrorism (OCT): coordinates communication and information sharing among agencies directly responsible for the terrorist threat: Home Office, Foreign Office and the police.
Joint Intelligence Committee: The JIC has been criticized over a dossier written before the Iraq War that concluded Iraq had stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction. Its members come from the top leaderships of Britains many security-related agencies. Other counterterrorism-related groups: The Royal Air Force also has its own intelligence unit. Finally, the GCHQ, with the total staff having declined to some to 5,500 by 2007. GCHQ's annual budget is in the neighborhood of £900M-£1110M. GCHQ is headquartered in Cheltenham. Government Communications Headquarters works to ensure the integrity of communications across all levels of government, military and police activity. Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) .
Sweden has five main intelligence agencies ,there budget is more than 5.0billion in 2008.(MUST): The Military Intelligence and Security Service, MUST is responsible for assisting the Swedish defense forces in its many peacekeeping operations around the world, The Swedish Ministry of Justice responsible for internal stability. (SAPO): The Swedish Security Police concerns itself with police and intelligence work vital to national security. Its staff is below 800 persons. SAPOs leadership reports to the National Police Board, an executive bureau that supervises all police-related activity in Sweden.
The Swedish Police handle most investigations and operational field work and has the Responsibility of responding to emergency situations including terrorist attacks. It is under the purview of the National Police Board, which is a division of the Ministry of Justice.
Spain has 6 intelligence agencies working to safe guard the Spain interest.it,s total defense budget is more than 10 billion in 2008 The Defense Ministry of Spain controls the countrys armed forces and is closely involved with the civil guard in terms of training and operations.TDM controls Spains intelligence agency, CNI. CNI is the successor to the defense establishments Intelligence service, the Centro Superior de Informacion de la Defensa (CESID), and still Operates as a division of the ministry of defense.
La Guardia Civil: to check the Basque separatists and Muslim extremist It is commanded by an army general but operates as a division of the interior ministry. The Interior Ministry has authority over both the Civil Guard and the national police.
Germany the BND total employees 6,050, The domestic secret service counterparts of the BND are the Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, BfV) and 16 counterparts at the state level Landesämter für or State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution); there is also a separate Verfassungsschutz military intelligence organisation, the Militärischer Abschirmdienst (lit. military screening service, MAD).
Belgium (1)Staatsveiligheid / Sûreté de l'État (SV/SE) (State Security Service) (2)Algemene Dienst Inlichting en Veiligheid / Service Général du Renseignement et de la Sécurité (ADIV/SGRS) (General Information and Security Service) (3) The Mixed Anti-Terrorist Group (AGG)
Czech Republic (1)Security Information Service (BIS) (2)Úřad pro zahraniční styky a informace (UZSI) (Office for Foreign Relations and Information) (3)Vojenské zpravodajství (Military Intelligence) (4) Council for Coordination of the Intelligence Services (CCIS).
Denmark Politiets Efterretningstjeneste (PET) (Danish Security and Intelligence Service) (2) Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste (FE) (Danish Defence Intelligence Service) (3) Beredskabsstyrelsen: The Danish Emergency Management Agency.
Croatia (1) Sigurnosno-obavjetajna agencija (SOA) (Security and Intelligence Agency) (2)Vojna sigurnosno-obavjetajna agencija (VSOA) (Military Security and Intelligence Agency)
Estonia (1) Kaitsepolitseiamet (KAPO) (Security Police Board) (2) Riigi Teabeamet (Intelligence Service)
Finland (1) Suojelupoliisi (Supo) (Security Police, literally "Protection Police") (2)Viestikoelaitos (VKoeL) (Finnish Intelligence Research Establishment, literally Signals Test Facility), the signals intelligence agency of the Finnish Army (3)Puolustusvoimien Tiedustelukeskus (PVTK) (Defence Intelligence Center)
France has ten main intelligence agency and total intelligence community is more than 150,000 people (1) Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) (General Directorate of External Security) 2007: 450M, plus 36M in special funds As of 2007 the DGSE employed a total of 4,620 agents25% for military intelligence ,25% for economic intelligence ,50% for diplomatic intelligence .
(2)Direction Centrale du Renseignement Intérieur (DCRI) (Central Directorate of Interior Intelligence) Annual Budget, 41 million in 2008 The RG employed 3 850 public servants of the Police (3)Direction du Renseignement Militaire (DRM) (Directorate of Military Intelligence) (4)Direction de la Protection et de la Sécurité de la Défense (DPSD) (Directorate of Protection and Defense Security) (5) Unite de Coordination de la Lutte Anti-Terroriste (UCLAT): The Anti-Terrorist(6) Departement de Defense et Securité Civiles (DDSC) 429.4 million were allocated to civil defence missions in 2007, while the budget planned for 2008 is 418.4 million;
(7) Division Nationale Anti-Terroriste (DNAT): (8) Renseignement Generaux (RG) (9) Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST) the equivalent of MI5, for example, has trained agents to detect early signs of a hostile takeover bid for a French company. The third French spy agency, les Renseignements Généraux (RG), whose main task is to keep an eye on subversive movements, has also begun to tackle economic intelligence. (10) Gendarmerie It has a strength of 105,389 personnel Its budget in 2008 is around 7.7 billion euros. 370 Surveillance and Intervention Platoons (PSIG);
Germany has seven main intelligence agencies ,with more than 3.5 billion budget for 2008-09,Germany has spend more than 20.0 billion since 9/11 on spy agencies network (1) Verfassungsschutz (Protection of the Constitution) (2)Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BFV) (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution) (3)Landesämter für Verfassungsschutz (LFV) (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution)
(4)Bundes nachrichtendienst (BND) (Federal Intelligence Service) BND has 300 locations in Germany and foreign countries. In 2005, the BND employed around 6,050 people, 10% of them Bundeswehr soldiers; those are officially employed by the "Amt für Militärkunde" (Office for Military Sciences). The annual budget of the BND exceeds 430,000,000 in 2005.2008 730 million
(5)Militärischer Abschirmdienst (MAD) (Military Protective Service) . (6)Bundesgrenzschutz (BGS) (7) Bundeskriminalamt (BKA): The Federal Bureau of Criminal Investigation is Germanys counterpart to the FBI and operates in a similar fashion and capacity. The BKA has federal offices in the 16 states that work independently of one another and of the central office in Berlin.
Greece (1) Ethniki Ypiresia Pliroforion (Hellenic National Intelligence Service) According to the new organizations positions for 1,800 civilians personnel, 80 for Armed Forces from the rank of captain up to the brigadier, 75 Greek Police officers from the rank of lieutenant to police brigadier, 15 Coast Guard officers from the rank of ensign to captain and 700 petty officers and privates from the Armed Forces, the Coast Guard or lower ranking employees from the Police Force for the national intelligence service (NISEYP) security. In addition, NIS-EYP has 211 civilian intelligence analysts, as well as 48 people who work as administrative staff.
Hungary (1) Információs Hivatal (IH) (Information Office) (2)Katonai Biztonsági Hivatal (KBH) (Military Security Office) (3)Katonai Felderítő Hivatal (KFH) (Military Reconnaissance Office) (4)Nemzetbiztonsági Hivatal (NBH) (National Security Office) (5)Nemzetbiztonsági Szakszolgálat (NBSZ) (National Security Special Service)
Italy (1) Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna (AISI): "Agency for Internal Information and Security" (domestic intelligence agency). (2)Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE): "Agency for External Information and Security" (external intelligence agency). (3)Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS): "Department of Information for Security" (classified data management, personnel training for both AISI and AISE). (4)Comitato Interministeriale per la Sicurezza della Repubblica (CISR): "Inter-ministerial Committee for the Security of the Republic" (a joint intelligenge superivision committee). (5) Comitato Esecutivo per i Servizi di Informazione e Sicurezza (CESIS).(6) Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Democratica (SISDE).(7) Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Militare (SISMI):
Ireland (1) G2 (Military Intelligence) (2)Special Detective Unit (formerly Special Branch) of the Garda Síochána (3)National Surveillance Unit (NSU) of the Garda Síochána
Latvia (1) Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (SAB) (Bureau of Constitutional Defense)
Lithuania (1) Valstybes Saugumo Departamentas (Apie VSD) (State Security Department) (3)Antrasis operatyvinių tarnybų departamentas (AOTD) prie Krato apsaugos ministerijos (Apie AOTD) (Second Investigation Department under Ministry of National Defence) (4) The Financial Crimes Investigation Service
Luxembourg (1) Service de Renseignement de 'Etat (State Intelligence Service) (2) Financial Intelligence Unit
Netherlands (1) Algemene Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst (AIVD) (General Intelligence and Security Service) (2) Militaire Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst (MIVD) (Military Intelligence and Security Service) (3)Fiscale Inlichtingen- en Opsporingsdienst-Economische Controledienst (FIOD-ECD) (Fiscal Intelligence and Investigation Service-Financial Control Service) (4)Criminele Inlichtingen Eenheid (CIE) (Police Criminal Intelligence Unit) (5)Nationale Signals Intelligence Organisatie (NSO) (National Signals Intelligence Organistation) (6)Sociale Inlichtingen- en Opsporingsdienst (SIOD) (Social Intelligence and Investigation Service), used for investigations in the social security system .
Norway (1) Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste (PST) (Police Security Agency), formerly Politiets overvåkningstjeneste (POT) (Police Surveillance Agency) (2)Nasjonal sikkerhetsmyndighet (NSM) (National Security Authority) (3)Etterretningstjenesten (NIS) (Norwegian Intelligence Service) .
Poland (1) Agencja Wywiadu (AW) (Foreign Intelligence Agency) (2)Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW) (Internal Security Agency) (3)Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (SWW) (Military Intelligence Service) (4)Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego (SKW) (Military Counter-intelligence Service) (5)Centralne Biuro Antykorupcyjne (CBA) (Central Anticorruption Bureau)
Portugal(1)Sistema de Informações da República Portuguesa (SIRP) (Intelligence System of the Portuguese Republic) (2)Serviço de Informações de Segurança (SIS) (Security Intelligence Service) (3) Military and Defense Strategic Intelligence Service (SIEDM)
Slovakia (1) Slovenská informačná sluba (SIS) (Slovak Information Service) SKK 1.2 billion (2007) Slovenská informačná sluba (Slovak Information Service) is an intelligence agency for the government of Slovakia.
(2)Vojenské spravodajstvo (Military Intelligence) (3)Vojenská spravodajská sluba (VSS) (Military Intelligence Service) (4)Vojenské obranné spravodajstvo (VOS) (Military Defence Service) (5)Národný bezpečnostný úrad (NBÚ) (National Security Bureau) .
Slovenia (1) Slovenska Obvečevalno-Varnostna Agencija (SOVA) (Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency) Investigative Service, has an annual budget of about $370 million. ... For fiscal year 2008, DSS was authorized 621 civilian employees.
Romania (1) SRI (Romanian Intelligence Service) (2)SIE (External Intelligence Service) (3)SPP (Protection and Security Service) (4)STS (Special Telecommunications Service) (5)DGIA (Directorate General of Defence Intelligence) (6)Direcţia de Informaţii Militare - DIM (Directorate of Military Intelligence) (7)Direcţia de Siguranţă Militară - DSM / J2 (Directorate of Military Security) (8)DGIPI (Directorate General of Information and Internal Protection - Ministry of the Interior)
Bulgaria (1) Nacionalna razuznavatelna sluzhba (NRS) (National Intelligence Service) - overseas intelligence gathering service under presidential supervision (2)Nacionalna sluzhba sigurnost (NSS) - national counter-intelligence service under Ministry of Interior supervision (3)Komitet za darzhavna sigurnost (KDS) (Committee for State Security) - former regime's counter-intelligence service .
In 1998, the Bosnian government began an ambitious program to rebuild the nation's intelligence and security forces. As of 2003, NATO-led Stabilization Forces (SFOR) continue to operate in Bosnia and Herzegovina, preserving peace in the region and aiding in the formation of new national security forces.
(1)Bosnia and Herzegovina's main civilian intelligence service is the Agency for Investigation and Documentation (AID).
(2)OSA/OBA B&H Intelligence and Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina On 22 March 2004 based on Article IV.4.a of Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Parliament Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Agency started to work on 01 June 2004.
The internet has become central to linking groups across the world. Gabriel Weimann, a senior fellow of the United States Institute of Peace, has been monitoring terrorist websites for seven years. "When we started, there were only 12 sites. Now there are more than 4,000. It's a virtual training camp."
However, the eventual disclosure of the CIAs successes and failures left America feeling dirty with itself. The diplomatic and political repercussions of CIAs subversive operations damaged Americas reputation and made the American public and world distrustful.
Part 2nd will be about USA and EU spying facilities around the globe
Usman karim lmno25@hotmail.com
The spy agencies are "bracing for a new era of austerity. More than eight years into the global "war on terror," spying has become one of the fastest-growing private industries in the EU and USA.
$ 200 dollars paid by every American for spy agencies funds every year. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was established on 25 November 2002 by the Homeland Security Act. Representing the most substantial reorganization of federal government agencies since the 1947 National Security Act, the DHS incorporates 22 government agencies and with more than 200,000 employees and is the third largest Cabinet department in the federal government. The National Foreign Intelligence Program (NFIP), The Joint Military Intelligence Program (JMIP), Tactical Intelligence and Related Activities (TIARA),
JMIP and TIARA finance only activities of the Department of Defense. Non-defense agencies or activities funded from NFIP include
(1) The Central Intelligence Agency, (2) FBI foreign counterintelligence and intelligence activities, (3) The State Department Bureau of Intelligence and Research, (4) the Department of Energy Office of Intelligence,(5)! The Department of Treasury Office of Intelligence Support.
Agencies within the Defense Department funded at least in part from NFIP include
(1) The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), which designs, builds, and Operates spy satellites; (2) the National Security Agency (NSA), which monitors, collects,
deciphers, and analyzes signals intelligence;(3)the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), which was formally inaugurated in 2003, which makes maps, including sophisticated digital maps for military operations; (4) the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), which collects and analyzes a
Variety of defense-wide intelligence.
The law passed in December 2004 created a director of national intelligence or DNI to oversee the 16 agencies that make up the U.S. intelligence community.
According to Tim Shorrock, investigative journalist and author of Spies for Hire: The Secret World of Intelligence Outsourcing, the Pentagon now controls more than 80% of US intelligence spending, which he estimated at about $60 billion in 2007. As Mel Goodman, former CIA official and now an analyst at the Center for International Policy, observed, "The Pentagon has been the big bureaucratic winner in all of this."2008 -$70 billion and in 2009- $80 billion dollars spending.
In the greatest surveillance effort ever established, the US National Security Agency (NSA) has created a global spy system, code-named ECHELON, which captures and analyses virtually every phone call, fax, e-mail and telex message sent anywhere in the world. ECHELON is controlled by the NSA and is operated in conjunction with the General Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) of the UK, the Communications Security Establishment (CSE) of Canada, the Australian Defence Security Directorate (DSD), and the General Communications Security Bureau (GCSB) of New Zealand. These organisations are bound together under a secret agreement, the UKUSA Security Agreement of 1948, whose terms and text remain under wraps even today.
Washington has an agreement with the UAE, allowing US forces to use some of the country's military facilities The US intelligence community now employs 100,000 staff. Its operating budget remained classified until two months ago. On 28 October, Director of National Intelligence (DNI) John M McConnell reported that the aggregate amount of funds appropriated by Congress to the National Intelligence Program (NIP) for fiscal year 2008 was US$47.5 billion.9.2 %increase a 9.2 percent increase over 2007's $43.5 billion.
The DNI position epitomizes the incomplete post-9/11 intelligence reforms that have characterized the Bush administration. Following the recommendations of the bipartisan 9/11 Commission, the 2004 Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act created the DNI.
The position was politicized from the outset, however, when then-secretary of defense Donald Rumsfeld politicked to ensure that funding authority over roughly 80 percent of the intelligence community's budget remained under DoD control. The end result was that authority of the new DNI was undercut, leaving him largely unable to impose greater intelligence coordination, which was reform's intention.
The 16 intelligence agencies under McConnell's purview include the military's intelligence-gathering agencies, the National Security Agency (NSA), the CIA and the FBI. The ideal Washington bureaucratic flowchart would see all the units seamlessly, integrated, but in reality they engage in frequent turf wars, while intelligence flows are vertical, rarely horizontal.
McConnell acknowledged this himself during a December address at Harvard University: "We designed our own system to make the attacks of 9/11 successful."
Another element in the bureaucratic consolidation process was the establishment in 2004 of the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC), whose operations room contains a giant plasma screen showing every plane approaching the US. The NCTC has five teams working 12-hour shifts to analyze more than 6,000 reports from satellite, electronic and human intelligence sources daily. In July, the American Civil Liberties Union reported that the nation's terrorist watch list had reached one million names.
President Harry Truman established the NSA in 1952 with a presidential directive that remains classified to this day. The US Government did not acknowledge the existence of the NSA until 1957. Its original mission was to conduct the signal intelligence (SIGINT) and communications security (COMSEC) for the United States. President Ronald Reagan added the tasks of information systems security and operations security training in 1984 and 1988 respectively. A 1986 law charged the NSA with supporting combat operations for the Department of Defense.
The data used by NCTC analysts is provided by the NSA's top secret worldwide Echelon electronic global surveillance network of satellites, and ground-based listening posts constantly feed streams of millions of intercepted telephone, e-mail, fax, microwave and cellular telephone transmissions into banks of NSA supercomputers.
The vast network created by the UKUSA community stretched across the globe and into the reaches of space. Land-based intercept stations, intelligence ships sailing the seven seas and top-secret satellites whirling 20,000 miles overhead all combine to empower the NSA and its UKUSA allies with access to the entire global communications network. Very few signals escape its electronic grasp.
Originally, only two stations were responsible for Intelsat intercepts: Morwenstow in England, and Yakima in the US state of Washington. However, when the Intelsat 5 series was replaced with the Intelsat 701 and 703 satellites-which had much more precise transmission beams that prohibited reception of southern hemisphere signals from the Yakima based in the northern hemisphere-additional facilities were constructed in Australia and New Zealand.
Echelon, under U.S.'s NSA and other world superpowers, can intercept two billion phone calls per day, along with faxes and e-mails and other electronic communications.
The intelligence-sharing system to be managed by the NAO will rely heavily on private contractors including Boeing, BAE Systems, L-3 Communications and Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). These companies already provide technology and personnel to U.S. agencies involved in foreign intelligence, and the NAO greatly expands their markets.
The Muslim population in Austria is around 350,000 or 4.1 percent of the total in 2008. Austria has 4 main intelligence agency in the country (1)Heeresnachrichtenamt (HNA) (Army Intelligence Office) (2)Abwehramt (AWA) (Military Protective Office) (3)Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung (BVT) (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Counter-Terrorism) (4)Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz und Terrorismusbekämpfung (LVT) (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution and Counter-Terrorism)
According to The Sun, the total budget for MI6, the domestic intelligence service MI5, Special Branch--the national security arm of Britain's police--and government listening post Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is currently about 1.6 billion pounds (2.4 billion euros, 3.1 billion dollars)in 2007 ,in 2008 £3.5 billion pounds.
UK has 10 different intelligence agencies working to safe guard the UK interest, total budget is more than £3.5 billion in 2008.Scotland Yards Anti-Terrorist Branch "Scotland Yard's anti-terrorist unit and special branch have merged into a 1,500-strong counter-terrorism command, known as SO15, in London.
MI5 its mandate includes two goals: protecting national security and safeguarding the economic wellbeing of the nation, MI5 has about 3,500 staff, twice what it had in 2001, The Service [MI5] increased its spend during 2005/06 by nearly 29% against 2004/05...at the time of publication, the total number of staff in the service is around 3,200, with a further 690 individuals (including Northern Ireland) due to be recruited over 2007/2008, MI5 expects to have 4,000 staff in 2011, and 25% of them will work outside MI5's London headquarters
"Throughout Britain over 4 million surveillance cameras (that's one for every 15 people in the country) record a staggering 600,000 images an hour. MI5 reports that it is actively monitoring some 1,200 at the moment - three times as many as in 2004 - and each case can require a team of 30 or more people to maintain a full surveillance operation
MI6: Also known as Secret Intelligence Services, MI6 has no legal authority to act within the borders of the British Islands. Like the CIA, MI6 stations agents abroad to collect and analyze, Official Committee on Terrorism (OCT): coordinates communication and information sharing among agencies directly responsible for the terrorist threat: Home Office, Foreign Office and the police.
Joint Intelligence Committee: The JIC has been criticized over a dossier written before the Iraq War that concluded Iraq had stockpiles of weapons of mass destruction. Its members come from the top leaderships of Britains many security-related agencies. Other counterterrorism-related groups: The Royal Air Force also has its own intelligence unit. Finally, the GCHQ, with the total staff having declined to some to 5,500 by 2007. GCHQ's annual budget is in the neighborhood of £900M-£1110M. GCHQ is headquartered in Cheltenham. Government Communications Headquarters works to ensure the integrity of communications across all levels of government, military and police activity. Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) .
Sweden has five main intelligence agencies ,there budget is more than 5.0billion in 2008.(MUST): The Military Intelligence and Security Service, MUST is responsible for assisting the Swedish defense forces in its many peacekeeping operations around the world, The Swedish Ministry of Justice responsible for internal stability. (SAPO): The Swedish Security Police concerns itself with police and intelligence work vital to national security. Its staff is below 800 persons. SAPOs leadership reports to the National Police Board, an executive bureau that supervises all police-related activity in Sweden.
The Swedish Police handle most investigations and operational field work and has the Responsibility of responding to emergency situations including terrorist attacks. It is under the purview of the National Police Board, which is a division of the Ministry of Justice.
Spain has 6 intelligence agencies working to safe guard the Spain interest.it,s total defense budget is more than 10 billion in 2008 The Defense Ministry of Spain controls the countrys armed forces and is closely involved with the civil guard in terms of training and operations.TDM controls Spains intelligence agency, CNI. CNI is the successor to the defense establishments Intelligence service, the Centro Superior de Informacion de la Defensa (CESID), and still Operates as a division of the ministry of defense.
La Guardia Civil: to check the Basque separatists and Muslim extremist It is commanded by an army general but operates as a division of the interior ministry. The Interior Ministry has authority over both the Civil Guard and the national police.
Germany the BND total employees 6,050, The domestic secret service counterparts of the BND are the Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, BfV) and 16 counterparts at the state level Landesämter für or State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution); there is also a separate Verfassungsschutz military intelligence organisation, the Militärischer Abschirmdienst (lit. military screening service, MAD).
Belgium (1)Staatsveiligheid / Sûreté de l'État (SV/SE) (State Security Service) (2)Algemene Dienst Inlichting en Veiligheid / Service Général du Renseignement et de la Sécurité (ADIV/SGRS) (General Information and Security Service) (3) The Mixed Anti-Terrorist Group (AGG)
Czech Republic (1)Security Information Service (BIS) (2)Úřad pro zahraniční styky a informace (UZSI) (Office for Foreign Relations and Information) (3)Vojenské zpravodajství (Military Intelligence) (4) Council for Coordination of the Intelligence Services (CCIS).
Denmark Politiets Efterretningstjeneste (PET) (Danish Security and Intelligence Service) (2) Forsvarets Efterretningstjeneste (FE) (Danish Defence Intelligence Service) (3) Beredskabsstyrelsen: The Danish Emergency Management Agency.
Croatia (1) Sigurnosno-obavjetajna agencija (SOA) (Security and Intelligence Agency) (2)Vojna sigurnosno-obavjetajna agencija (VSOA) (Military Security and Intelligence Agency)
Estonia (1) Kaitsepolitseiamet (KAPO) (Security Police Board) (2) Riigi Teabeamet (Intelligence Service)
Finland (1) Suojelupoliisi (Supo) (Security Police, literally "Protection Police") (2)Viestikoelaitos (VKoeL) (Finnish Intelligence Research Establishment, literally Signals Test Facility), the signals intelligence agency of the Finnish Army (3)Puolustusvoimien Tiedustelukeskus (PVTK) (Defence Intelligence Center)
France has ten main intelligence agency and total intelligence community is more than 150,000 people (1) Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) (General Directorate of External Security) 2007: 450M, plus 36M in special funds As of 2007 the DGSE employed a total of 4,620 agents25% for military intelligence ,25% for economic intelligence ,50% for diplomatic intelligence .
(2)Direction Centrale du Renseignement Intérieur (DCRI) (Central Directorate of Interior Intelligence) Annual Budget, 41 million in 2008 The RG employed 3 850 public servants of the Police (3)Direction du Renseignement Militaire (DRM) (Directorate of Military Intelligence) (4)Direction de la Protection et de la Sécurité de la Défense (DPSD) (Directorate of Protection and Defense Security) (5) Unite de Coordination de la Lutte Anti-Terroriste (UCLAT): The Anti-Terrorist(6) Departement de Defense et Securité Civiles (DDSC) 429.4 million were allocated to civil defence missions in 2007, while the budget planned for 2008 is 418.4 million;
(7) Division Nationale Anti-Terroriste (DNAT): (8) Renseignement Generaux (RG) (9) Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST) the equivalent of MI5, for example, has trained agents to detect early signs of a hostile takeover bid for a French company. The third French spy agency, les Renseignements Généraux (RG), whose main task is to keep an eye on subversive movements, has also begun to tackle economic intelligence. (10) Gendarmerie It has a strength of 105,389 personnel Its budget in 2008 is around 7.7 billion euros. 370 Surveillance and Intervention Platoons (PSIG);
Germany has seven main intelligence agencies ,with more than 3.5 billion budget for 2008-09,Germany has spend more than 20.0 billion since 9/11 on spy agencies network (1) Verfassungsschutz (Protection of the Constitution) (2)Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BFV) (Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution) (3)Landesämter für Verfassungsschutz (LFV) (State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution)
(4)Bundes nachrichtendienst (BND) (Federal Intelligence Service) BND has 300 locations in Germany and foreign countries. In 2005, the BND employed around 6,050 people, 10% of them Bundeswehr soldiers; those are officially employed by the "Amt für Militärkunde" (Office for Military Sciences). The annual budget of the BND exceeds 430,000,000 in 2005.2008 730 million
(5)Militärischer Abschirmdienst (MAD) (Military Protective Service) . (6)Bundesgrenzschutz (BGS) (7) Bundeskriminalamt (BKA): The Federal Bureau of Criminal Investigation is Germanys counterpart to the FBI and operates in a similar fashion and capacity. The BKA has federal offices in the 16 states that work independently of one another and of the central office in Berlin.
Greece (1) Ethniki Ypiresia Pliroforion (Hellenic National Intelligence Service) According to the new organizations positions for 1,800 civilians personnel, 80 for Armed Forces from the rank of captain up to the brigadier, 75 Greek Police officers from the rank of lieutenant to police brigadier, 15 Coast Guard officers from the rank of ensign to captain and 700 petty officers and privates from the Armed Forces, the Coast Guard or lower ranking employees from the Police Force for the national intelligence service (NISEYP) security. In addition, NIS-EYP has 211 civilian intelligence analysts, as well as 48 people who work as administrative staff.
Hungary (1) Információs Hivatal (IH) (Information Office) (2)Katonai Biztonsági Hivatal (KBH) (Military Security Office) (3)Katonai Felderítő Hivatal (KFH) (Military Reconnaissance Office) (4)Nemzetbiztonsági Hivatal (NBH) (National Security Office) (5)Nemzetbiztonsági Szakszolgálat (NBSZ) (National Security Special Service)
Italy (1) Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Interna (AISI): "Agency for Internal Information and Security" (domestic intelligence agency). (2)Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE): "Agency for External Information and Security" (external intelligence agency). (3)Dipartimento delle Informazioni per la Sicurezza (DIS): "Department of Information for Security" (classified data management, personnel training for both AISI and AISE). (4)Comitato Interministeriale per la Sicurezza della Repubblica (CISR): "Inter-ministerial Committee for the Security of the Republic" (a joint intelligenge superivision committee). (5) Comitato Esecutivo per i Servizi di Informazione e Sicurezza (CESIS).(6) Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Democratica (SISDE).(7) Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Militare (SISMI):
Ireland (1) G2 (Military Intelligence) (2)Special Detective Unit (formerly Special Branch) of the Garda Síochána (3)National Surveillance Unit (NSU) of the Garda Síochána
Latvia (1) Satversmes aizsardzības birojs (SAB) (Bureau of Constitutional Defense)
Lithuania (1) Valstybes Saugumo Departamentas (Apie VSD) (State Security Department) (3)Antrasis operatyvinių tarnybų departamentas (AOTD) prie Krato apsaugos ministerijos (Apie AOTD) (Second Investigation Department under Ministry of National Defence) (4) The Financial Crimes Investigation Service
Luxembourg (1) Service de Renseignement de 'Etat (State Intelligence Service) (2) Financial Intelligence Unit
Netherlands (1) Algemene Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst (AIVD) (General Intelligence and Security Service) (2) Militaire Inlichtingen- en Veiligheidsdienst (MIVD) (Military Intelligence and Security Service) (3)Fiscale Inlichtingen- en Opsporingsdienst-Economische Controledienst (FIOD-ECD) (Fiscal Intelligence and Investigation Service-Financial Control Service) (4)Criminele Inlichtingen Eenheid (CIE) (Police Criminal Intelligence Unit) (5)Nationale Signals Intelligence Organisatie (NSO) (National Signals Intelligence Organistation) (6)Sociale Inlichtingen- en Opsporingsdienst (SIOD) (Social Intelligence and Investigation Service), used for investigations in the social security system .
Norway (1) Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste (PST) (Police Security Agency), formerly Politiets overvåkningstjeneste (POT) (Police Surveillance Agency) (2)Nasjonal sikkerhetsmyndighet (NSM) (National Security Authority) (3)Etterretningstjenesten (NIS) (Norwegian Intelligence Service) .
Poland (1) Agencja Wywiadu (AW) (Foreign Intelligence Agency) (2)Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW) (Internal Security Agency) (3)Służba Wywiadu Wojskowego (SWW) (Military Intelligence Service) (4)Służba Kontrwywiadu Wojskowego (SKW) (Military Counter-intelligence Service) (5)Centralne Biuro Antykorupcyjne (CBA) (Central Anticorruption Bureau)
Portugal(1)Sistema de Informações da República Portuguesa (SIRP) (Intelligence System of the Portuguese Republic) (2)Serviço de Informações de Segurança (SIS) (Security Intelligence Service) (3) Military and Defense Strategic Intelligence Service (SIEDM)
Slovakia (1) Slovenská informačná sluba (SIS) (Slovak Information Service) SKK 1.2 billion (2007) Slovenská informačná sluba (Slovak Information Service) is an intelligence agency for the government of Slovakia.
(2)Vojenské spravodajstvo (Military Intelligence) (3)Vojenská spravodajská sluba (VSS) (Military Intelligence Service) (4)Vojenské obranné spravodajstvo (VOS) (Military Defence Service) (5)Národný bezpečnostný úrad (NBÚ) (National Security Bureau) .
Slovenia (1) Slovenska Obvečevalno-Varnostna Agencija (SOVA) (Slovenian Intelligence and Security Agency) Investigative Service, has an annual budget of about $370 million. ... For fiscal year 2008, DSS was authorized 621 civilian employees.
Romania (1) SRI (Romanian Intelligence Service) (2)SIE (External Intelligence Service) (3)SPP (Protection and Security Service) (4)STS (Special Telecommunications Service) (5)DGIA (Directorate General of Defence Intelligence) (6)Direcţia de Informaţii Militare - DIM (Directorate of Military Intelligence) (7)Direcţia de Siguranţă Militară - DSM / J2 (Directorate of Military Security) (8)DGIPI (Directorate General of Information and Internal Protection - Ministry of the Interior)
Bulgaria (1) Nacionalna razuznavatelna sluzhba (NRS) (National Intelligence Service) - overseas intelligence gathering service under presidential supervision (2)Nacionalna sluzhba sigurnost (NSS) - national counter-intelligence service under Ministry of Interior supervision (3)Komitet za darzhavna sigurnost (KDS) (Committee for State Security) - former regime's counter-intelligence service .
In 1998, the Bosnian government began an ambitious program to rebuild the nation's intelligence and security forces. As of 2003, NATO-led Stabilization Forces (SFOR) continue to operate in Bosnia and Herzegovina, preserving peace in the region and aiding in the formation of new national security forces.
(1)Bosnia and Herzegovina's main civilian intelligence service is the Agency for Investigation and Documentation (AID).
(2)OSA/OBA B&H Intelligence and Security Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina On 22 March 2004 based on Article IV.4.a of Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Parliament Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Agency started to work on 01 June 2004.
The internet has become central to linking groups across the world. Gabriel Weimann, a senior fellow of the United States Institute of Peace, has been monitoring terrorist websites for seven years. "When we started, there were only 12 sites. Now there are more than 4,000. It's a virtual training camp."
However, the eventual disclosure of the CIAs successes and failures left America feeling dirty with itself. The diplomatic and political repercussions of CIAs subversive operations damaged Americas reputation and made the American public and world distrustful.
Part 2nd will be about USA and EU spying facilities around the globe
Usman karim lmno25@hotmail.com
