Chinese Super Project

[我本皇汉]

1, Changxing Shipbuilding Base - to build the world's largest shipbuilding base in total project investment: 35 billion yuan


2, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway - the world's longest high-speed rail project The total investment: 220 billion yuan

3, Beijing South Railway Station - Asia's largest railway station The total investment: 6.3 billion

4, Hangzhou Bay Bridge - the world's longest cross-sea bridge project total investment: 16.0 billion

5, Caofeidian Zone - far more than the size of the project The total investment: 230 billion yuan

6, Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge - the world's longest cable-stayed bridge project total investment: 7.89 billion

7, western development - large-scale systems engineering projects total investment: 8500 billion yuan


8, Fuzhou-Xiamen-Zhangzhou Dragon intercity railway project total investment: 38 billion yuan

9, "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Trunk Highway total project investment: 900 billion yuan

- The world's largest highway project

10, China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-capacity fiber-optic network project total investment: 7 billion yuan




11, "Water Diversion" project - the world's largest water conservancy project total investment: 500 billion yuan

12, the Capital International Airport T3 Terminal - the world's largest single construction Total investment: 25.0 billion


13, Zhanjiang East Island: Baoshan Iron and Steel Base 10 million-ton total project investment: 69 billion yuan

14, Shanghai Lingang New City - the world's largest land reclamation project The total investment: 150 billion yuan

15, the Shanghai Yangshan deep-water port - port to build the world's first total project investment: 50 billion yuan

16, China's "long-term railway network plan," The total investment: 2 trillion yuan

17, Sichuan-East Gas Transmission Project total investment: 62.7 billion

18, Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant Total investment: 50 billion yuan


19, the strategic oil reserve project The total investment: 100 billion yuan

20, Wuhan Railway Station - the largest railway hub of inland towards total project investment: 14 billion yuan




21, Kunming New International Airport - China's first four major aviation hub in the airport project total investment: 23.1 billion

22, Hainan power grid cross-sea project The total investment: 2.2 billion

23, one million tons ethylene project in Tianjin The total investment: 26.8 billion

24, Shanghai Light Source Laboratory - China's major scientific projects total investment: 1.2 billion yuan


25, Sichuan post-quake reconstruction projects Total investment: 1.2 trillion yuan

26, the Silk Road rehabilitation projects total investment: 43 billion U.S. dollars

27, China's second largest hydropower station - Xiluodu Hydropower Project total investment: 79.2 billion yuan

28, China's third largest hydropower station - Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project total investment: 43.4 billion

29, Hainan Wenchang spaceport The total investment: 12.0 billion

30, large aircraft engineering settled in Shanghai The total project investment: 300-500 100 million





31, Spallation Neutron Source Project total investment: 1.2 billion yuan

32, the world's largest 500-meter aperture spherical radio telescope project investment: 627 million yuan

33, Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway (Shanghai-Chengdu) The total project investment: 170 billion yuan

34, Ningxia Ning Dong Energy and Chemical Base The total project investment: 100 billion yuan

35, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project total investment: 70 billion yuan

36, the National Eleventh Five-year environmental protection plan for the project total investment: 1.53 trillion yuan


37, Jiuquan, Gansu Province - the world's largest wind power base in total project investment: 120 billion yuan

38, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway project total investment: 116.8 billion yuan

39, Guangzhou railway station The total investment: 18.0 billion

40, "National civil airport layout plan," The total investment: 450 billion yuan




41, Shanghai Hongqiao transport hub project total investment: 36 billion yuan

42, Harbin High-Speed Railway Project total investment: 92.3 billion yuan


43, Tianjin, exploitation of offshore oilfield equipment base total project investment: 22.0 billion

44, energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi total project investment: 900 billion

45, Sinopec Yadavaran oil field total project investment: 2 billion U.S. dollars

46, the oil of Sudan's oil project The total investment: 7 billion U.S. dollars

47, China National Petroleum oil projects in Niger total project investment: 5.0 billion

48, Africa and Gabon Belinga iron ore project total investment: 2.7 billion U.S. dollars


49, China's State Power Grid Development Eleventh Five-Year plan for the project total investment: 1.215 trillion yuan

50, Eleventh Five-year plan for the project in Tibet Highway Traffic Total investment: 43 billion yuan




51, China's construction of the Nigerian Railway Modernization Project total investment: 8.3 billion U.S. dollars

52, China's coastal railway projects in Libya, the construction of total project investment: 2.6 billion U.S. dollars

53, the Russian Baltic Pearl project The total investment: 1.3 billion U.S. dollars

54, China's construction of the Algerian East-West Expressway Project total investment: 7 billion U.S. dollars


55, the Asian Highway Network - 23-nation project to build a super-project total investment: 44 billion U.S. dollars

56, 10 million-ton oil refining project in Guangxi Qinzhou The total investment: 15.2 billion

57, Center Building, Shanghai - China's first high-rise The total investment: 7 billion yuan

58, large gas field in Sichuan Puguang Xuanhan The total investment: 70 billion yuan

59, Zhejiang, a major railway line along the coast The total investment: 16.2 billion

60, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group 10,000 tons titanium alloy production line total project investment: 1 billion yuan




61, west to east project - the world's largest power projects total project investment: 526.5 billion more than

62, China's manned space project total investment: 30 billion yuan

63,2010 in Shanghai World Expo The total investment: 40 billion yuan

64, Guangzhou Nansha Shipbuilding Base Longxue The total investment: 4.5 billion

65, Zhejiang Sanmen Nuclear Power Project total investment: 80 billion yuan

66, the Guangdong Yangjiang Nuclear Power Plant Project total investment: 8 billion U.S. dollars

67, Yantai, Shandong Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant Project total investment: 60 billion yuan

68, across the river in Wuhan subway project The total investment: 14.9 billion

69, 80,000 tons multi-die forging hydraulic machine project total investment: 1.517 billion yuan

70, China's renewable energy development plan for the project total investment: 2 trillion yuan




71, rural "Every Village" project The total investment: more than 1 trillion yuan

72, the total investment in rural water-saving irrigation project: 300 billion yuan

73, rural film project The total investment: 1 billion yuan

74, 10000 Village Market Project Project Total investment: 11.7 billion

75, the National shantytowns renovation project total investment: 2000 billion yuan

76,2008-2020 the Shanghai Rail Transit Planning Project total investment: 1500 billion yuan

77,2008-2020 the Beijing Rail Transit Planning Project total investment: 1700 billion yuan

78, Dalian Petrochemical build China's largest oil refining bases total project investment: 10.7 billion

79, Chongqi Bridge project total investment: 7.6 billion

80, Chengdu Shuangliu Airport expansion project The total investment: 12.7 billion




81, the PRD inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1,000 billion yuan

82, the Yangtze River Delta inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1500 billion yuan

83, Beijing, Tianjin Bohai Sea inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1,000 billion yuan

84, Kashgar to Hotan, Xinjiang Railway Project total investment: 4.7 billion

85, Shanghai Yangtze River Crossing (Chongming river channel) project The total investment: 12.6 billion

86, Jinping 1, 2 Hydropower Project total investment: 46.8 billion yuan

87, Longtan Hydropower Project total investment: 24.3 billion

88, Anhui Huainan and Huaibei Coal Base Yi Dunji The total investment: 70 billion yuan

89, Jiangxi and 10 billion pounds of rice yield high-quality project The total investment: 31.8 billion

90, Zhongnanshan Tunnel - the longest highway tunnel project total investment: 2.5 billion





91, China's 12 large hydropower bases for Development Planning The total investment: more than 2 trillion yuan

92, Shanghai-Hangzhou Maglev Project total investment: 22.0 billion

93, revitalize the northeast old industrial bases in total project investment: 2000 billion yuan

94, the Guangzhou Opera House - steel structure comparable to the complexity of the Bird's Nest The total investment: 1 billion yuan

95, the Shanghai World Financial Center, total project investment: 7 billion yuan

96, Nanjing Metro Line project total investment: 10.9 billion

97, vegetable basket project - a super vegetable market projects total investment: 500 billion yuan

98, Qinshan Nuclear Power Phase II expansion project The total investment: 14.5 billion

99, Tianhuangping Pumped Storage Power Station Project total investment: 13.6 billion

100, China Central Television headquarters building project total investment: 5 billion yuan




101, Three-North Shelterbelt Project total investment: 100 billion yuan

102, coastal shelter forest project total investment: 200 billion yuan

103, Tianjin Harbor Industrial Zone project total investment: 3000 billion yuan

104, Tianjin Binhai New Area The total investment: more than 1 trillion yuan

105, large industrial base of the rocket thrust The total investment: 4.5 billion

106, Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge Tianxingzhou project total investment: 11 billion yuan










The project involves a total amount more than 15 trillion yuan or more










Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway - the world's longest high-speed railway project


Caofeidian Industrial Development Zone - far more than the scale of the Three Gorges Project

Hangzhou Bay Bridge - the world's longest cross-sea bridge

Beijing Capital International Airport T3 Terminal - the world's largest single building

Shanghai Lingang New City - the world's largest land reclamation project

Shanghai Yangshan deep-water port - to build the world's largest port

Changxing Shipbuilding Base - to build the world's largest shipbuilding base in


"Water Diversion" project - the world's largest water conservancy project

The "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Highway - the world's largest highway project

Western Development - large-scale systems engineering

Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge - the world's longest cable-stayed bridge

Beijing South Railway Station - Asia's largest railway station

8 8 vertical and horizontal high-capacity optical fiber communication networks

China's high-speed railway Times - 2007-2020 annual investment of at least 2 trillion

Wuhan Railway Station - the largest railway hub into the interior

Silk Road Recovery Program

China's second largest hydropower station - Xiluodu Hydropower Station

China's third-largest hydropower station - Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station

 

[我本皇汉]

Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway





- The world's longest high-speed railway project







Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail investment: 220 billion yuan

Project Duration: 2008 - 2013

Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is located in North China and East China region, across the Bohai Rim and the Yangtze River Delta to connect two economic regions, north-south line of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and the three municipalities, and Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. The size of the area by the total land area of 6.5% to 26.7% of the country's total population, a population of 1 million above the city 11, the country's total gross domestic product, 43.3%, which is China's economic development potential of the most active and most of the region, but also China's busiest passenger and cargo transportation, an increase of the transport corridor has great potential. Along with plain-based, localized for the hilly areas, through the Haihe, Yellow, Huaihe, Yangtze River four major river systems. Beijing - Jinan is Jilu Ping-yuan, flat open terrain, the terrain for both ends of the high, intermediate low, Tuanbowa area for the full range of the lowest place; Jinan - Shandong, Xuzhou is a hill between South Africa and the hilly plains, large undulating terrain Tai-section for the full range of the highest elevation in the section; Xuzhou - Shanghai route, mainly through the Huang-Huai, Yangtze River Delta Plain, partial (Bengbu - Danyang) through terrace Lung Kong, hilly. The engineering geological conditions along the route is mainly soft clay, soft soil are widely distributed, especially Wuqing - Cangzhou soft soil, Danyang - Shanghai soft soil, depth changes, soft layers thick, low intensity, poor engineering properties. Design maximum operating speed of 350km, the initial operating speed of 300km, the minimum follow-up interval of the train designed by 3min. After the completion of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is expected to train at a speed of 350km run, Beijing South - Shanghai Hongqiao Station entire running time of 3h58min; at a speed of 300km run, run time of 4h37min; to 200km per hour to run, run time of 6h52min. A two-way annual passenger transportation capacity to reach 160 million passengers.




After more than 10 years of motion and discussion, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway construction has been started. Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway network construction of China's railways plan to invest the largest and highest-tech a project, static investment per kilometer to 1 billion yuan, is route length of approximately 1318 kilometers, with the existing Beijing-Shanghai railway towards the general parallel, the design speed of 350 km, the initial operating speed of 300 km, passing through Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Hebei, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, were set up Beijing South, Tianjin West, the new Jinan, Xuzhou, new, new Bengbu, Nanjing South, Hongqiao (Shanghai) stations, 21 passenger stations.




The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is completed, will achieve separation of passenger and freight transport, when the Beijing-Shanghai direct access to only 5 hours, than the current Beijing-Shanghai railway 200 kilometers per hour on a direct train to shorten two hours, but the train departure time is short, the peak will achieve 3 minutes 1 to ensure that passengers travel at any time, at any time there is a seat. Full fare of about 600 billion yuan. By then, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed trains transport passengers in one direction up to years of more than 8,000 million people, is a fast large-capacity passenger traffic.





China in the next 15 years, a new high-speed rail plan to 19,800 km, of which 9800 kilometers high-speed passenger line. 15 years later, China will build the world's largest high-speed railway network. Railway construction projects throughout the total investment will be more than 300 billion U.S. dollars













Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway to create the "world first"







The world's longest mileage

Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail wire total length of about 1318 kilometers, only the length of the elevated bridge reached 1061 kilometers, accounting for 80% of the entire line length. Through Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, seven provinces and cities, connecting the Bohai Sea and the Yangtze River San Jiao Zhou two economic zones, along the country's total population of 1 / 4. Currently the world's longest high-speed railway in Spain Madrid to Barcelona high-speed railway, a length of 620 km.




Technical standards for the world's highest

The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is the world's highest technical standards for high-speed railway, before it, the world's high-speed railway is the highest speed of 320 kilometers per hour line in eastern France, while the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway design speed of 350 km. Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway will be used just off the assembly line of 350 kilometers an hour and the former downline of 300 kilometers an hour EMUs reformed to meet the requirements of 350 km per hour.

 

[SinoIndusFriendship]

1, Changxing Shipbuilding Base - to build the world's largest shipbuilding base in total project investment: 35 billion yuan


2, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway - the world's longest high-speed rail project The total investment: 220 billion yuan

3, Beijing South Railway Station - Asia's largest railway station The total investment: 6.3 billion

4, Hangzhou Bay Bridge - the world's longest cross-sea bridge project total investment: 16.0 billion

5, Caofeidian Zone - far more than the size of the project The total investment: 230 billion yuan

6, Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge - the world's longest cable-stayed bridge project total investment: 7.89 billion

7, western development - large-scale systems engineering projects total investment: 8500 billion yuan


8, Fuzhou-Xiamen-Zhangzhou Dragon intercity railway project total investment: 38 billion yuan

9, "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Trunk Highway total project investment: 900 billion yuan

- The world's largest highway project

10, China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-capacity fiber-optic network project total investment: 7 billion yuan




11, "Water Diversion" project - the world's largest water conservancy project total investment: 500 billion yuan

12, the Capital International Airport T3 Terminal - the world's largest single construction Total investment: 25.0 billion


13, Zhanjiang East Island: Baoshan Iron and Steel Base 10 million-ton total project investment: 69 billion yuan

14, Shanghai Lingang New City - the world's largest land reclamation project The total investment: 150 billion yuan

15, the Shanghai Yangshan deep-water port - port to build the world's first total project investment: 50 billion yuan

16, China's "long-term railway network plan," The total investment: 2 trillion yuan

17, Sichuan-East Gas Transmission Project total investment: 62.7 billion

18, Liaoning Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant Total investment: 50 billion yuan


19, the strategic oil reserve project The total investment: 100 billion yuan

20, Wuhan Railway Station - the largest railway hub of inland towards total project investment: 14 billion yuan




21, Kunming New International Airport - China's first four major aviation hub in the airport project total investment: 23.1 billion

22, Hainan power grid cross-sea project The total investment: 2.2 billion

23, one million tons ethylene project in Tianjin The total investment: 26.8 billion

24, Shanghai Light Source Laboratory - China's major scientific projects total investment: 1.2 billion yuan


25, Sichuan post-quake reconstruction projects Total investment: 1.2 trillion yuan

26, the Silk Road rehabilitation projects total investment: 43 billion U.S. dollars

27, China's second largest hydropower station - Xiluodu Hydropower Project total investment: 79.2 billion yuan

28, China's third largest hydropower station - Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project total investment: 43.4 billion

29, Hainan Wenchang spaceport The total investment: 12.0 billion

30, large aircraft engineering settled in Shanghai The total project investment: 300-500 100 million





31, Spallation Neutron Source Project total investment: 1.2 billion yuan

32, the world's largest 500-meter aperture spherical radio telescope project investment: 627 million yuan

33, Shanghai-Chengdu Expressway (Shanghai-Chengdu) The total project investment: 170 billion yuan

34, Ningxia Ning Dong Energy and Chemical Base The total project investment: 100 billion yuan

35, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project total investment: 70 billion yuan

36, the National Eleventh Five-year environmental protection plan for the project total investment: 1.53 trillion yuan


37, Jiuquan, Gansu Province - the world's largest wind power base in total project investment: 120 billion yuan

38, Wuhan-Guangzhou high-speed railway project total investment: 116.8 billion yuan

39, Guangzhou railway station The total investment: 18.0 billion

40, "National civil airport layout plan," The total investment: 450 billion yuan




41, Shanghai Hongqiao transport hub project total investment: 36 billion yuan

42, Harbin High-Speed Railway Project total investment: 92.3 billion yuan


43, Tianjin, exploitation of offshore oilfield equipment base total project investment: 22.0 billion

44, energy and chemical base in northern Shaanxi total project investment: 900 billion

45, Sinopec Yadavaran oil field total project investment: 2 billion U.S. dollars

46, the oil of Sudan's oil project The total investment: 7 billion U.S. dollars

47, China National Petroleum oil projects in Niger total project investment: 5.0 billion

48, Africa and Gabon Belinga iron ore project total investment: 2.7 billion U.S. dollars


49, China's State Power Grid Development Eleventh Five-Year plan for the project total investment: 1.215 trillion yuan

50, Eleventh Five-year plan for the project in Tibet Highway Traffic Total investment: 43 billion yuan




51, China's construction of the Nigerian Railway Modernization Project total investment: 8.3 billion U.S. dollars

52, China's coastal railway projects in Libya, the construction of total project investment: 2.6 billion U.S. dollars

53, the Russian Baltic Pearl project The total investment: 1.3 billion U.S. dollars

54, China's construction of the Algerian East-West Expressway Project total investment: 7 billion U.S. dollars


55, the Asian Highway Network - 23-nation project to build a super-project total investment: 44 billion U.S. dollars

56, 10 million-ton oil refining project in Guangxi Qinzhou The total investment: 15.2 billion

57, Center Building, Shanghai - China's first high-rise The total investment: 7 billion yuan

58, large gas field in Sichuan Puguang Xuanhan The total investment: 70 billion yuan

59, Zhejiang, a major railway line along the coast The total investment: 16.2 billion

60, Panzhihua Iron and Steel Group 10,000 tons titanium alloy production line total project investment: 1 billion yuan




61, west to east project - the world's largest power projects total project investment: 526.5 billion more than

62, China's manned space project total investment: 30 billion yuan

63,2010 in Shanghai World Expo The total investment: 40 billion yuan

64, Guangzhou Nansha Shipbuilding Base Longxue The total investment: 4.5 billion

65, Zhejiang Sanmen Nuclear Power Project total investment: 80 billion yuan

66, the Guangdong Yangjiang Nuclear Power Plant Project total investment: 8 billion U.S. dollars

67, Yantai, Shandong Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant Project total investment: 60 billion yuan

68, across the river in Wuhan subway project The total investment: 14.9 billion

69, 80,000 tons multi-die forging hydraulic machine project total investment: 1.517 billion yuan

70, China's renewable energy development plan for the project total investment: 2 trillion yuan




71, rural "Every Village" project The total investment: more than 1 trillion yuan

72, the total investment in rural water-saving irrigation project: 300 billion yuan

73, rural film project The total investment: 1 billion yuan

74, 10000 Village Market Project Project Total investment: 11.7 billion

75, the National shantytowns renovation project total investment: 2000 billion yuan

76,2008-2020 the Shanghai Rail Transit Planning Project total investment: 1500 billion yuan

77,2008-2020 the Beijing Rail Transit Planning Project total investment: 1700 billion yuan

78, Dalian Petrochemical build China's largest oil refining bases total project investment: 10.7 billion

79, Chongqi Bridge project total investment: 7.6 billion

80, Chengdu Shuangliu Airport expansion project The total investment: 12.7 billion




81, the PRD inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1,000 billion yuan

82, the Yangtze River Delta inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1500 billion yuan

83, Beijing, Tianjin Bohai Sea inter-city rail transit network plan for the project total investment: 1,000 billion yuan

84, Kashgar to Hotan, Xinjiang Railway Project total investment: 4.7 billion

85, Shanghai Yangtze River Crossing (Chongming river channel) project The total investment: 12.6 billion

86, Jinping 1, 2 Hydropower Project total investment: 46.8 billion yuan

87, Longtan Hydropower Project total investment: 24.3 billion

88, Anhui Huainan and Huaibei Coal Base Yi Dunji The total investment: 70 billion yuan

89, Jiangxi and 10 billion pounds of rice yield high-quality project The total investment: 31.8 billion

90, Zhongnanshan Tunnel - the longest highway tunnel project total investment: 2.5 billion





91, China's 12 large hydropower bases for Development Planning The total investment: more than 2 trillion yuan

92, Shanghai-Hangzhou Maglev Project total investment: 22.0 billion

93, revitalize the northeast old industrial bases in total project investment: 2000 billion yuan

94, the Guangzhou Opera House - steel structure comparable to the complexity of the Bird's Nest The total investment: 1 billion yuan

95, the Shanghai World Financial Center, total project investment: 7 billion yuan

96, Nanjing Metro Line project total investment: 10.9 billion

97, vegetable basket project - a super vegetable market projects total investment: 500 billion yuan

98, Qinshan Nuclear Power Phase II expansion project The total investment: 14.5 billion

99, Tianhuangping Pumped Storage Power Station Project total investment: 13.6 billion

100, China Central Television headquarters building project total investment: 5 billion yuan




101, Three-North Shelterbelt Project total investment: 100 billion yuan

102, coastal shelter forest project total investment: 200 billion yuan

103, Tianjin Harbor Industrial Zone project total investment: 3000 billion yuan

104, Tianjin Binhai New Area The total investment: more than 1 trillion yuan

105, large industrial base of the rocket thrust The total investment: 4.5 billion

106, Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge Tianxingzhou project total investment: 11 billion yuan










The project involves a total amount more than 15 trillion yuan or more










Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway - the world's longest high-speed railway project


Caofeidian Industrial Development Zone - far more than the scale of the Three Gorges Project

Hangzhou Bay Bridge - the world's longest cross-sea bridge

Beijing Capital International Airport T3 Terminal - the world's largest single building

Shanghai Lingang New City - the world's largest land reclamation project

Shanghai Yangshan deep-water port - to build the world's largest port

Changxing Shipbuilding Base - to build the world's largest shipbuilding base in


"Water Diversion" project - the world's largest water conservancy project

The "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Highway - the world's largest highway project

Western Development - large-scale systems engineering

Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge - the world's longest cable-stayed bridge

Beijing South Railway Station - Asia's largest railway station

8 8 vertical and horizontal high-capacity optical fiber communication networks

China's high-speed railway Times - 2007-2020 annual investment of at least 2 trillion

Wuhan Railway Station - the largest railway hub into the interior

Silk Road Recovery Program

China's second largest hydropower station - Xiluodu Hydropower Station

China's third-largest hydropower station - Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station

I request mods make this a permanent sticky, and keep this thread open so we can post more details (and photos) of each project. Thanks!

 

[我本皇汉]

 

[我本皇汉]

Beijing South Railway Station - Asia's largest Bus Station

Under renovation and expansion of the Beijing South Railway Station, was officially opened August 1 will become Asia's largest train terminal building area, known as "Asia's first stop." Beijing South Railway Station Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway is not only the starting point and the end point, also the starting point of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the end point, also the 14 metro lines and 4 lines of the intermediate station. Beijing South Railway Station will become a high-speed railway, metro, suburban rail, bus, rental "zero distance" transfer of a large transportation hub.

---------- Post added at 12:17 PM ---------- Previous post was at 12:16 PM ----------

Kunshan Bridge - the world's longest railway bridge


Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway bridge Kunshan, 164.8 kilometers long, in order to bridge the length of China's passenger line in the most, but also the world's longest railway bridge. With the general percentage of 20% compared to the railway bridge, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail really be described as "the railway bridge" in the Jiangsu section of this proportion will be higher. Total length of 358 kilometers of the paragraph, 90% are from the bridge to go. Danyang to bridge length of 164 kilometers, Kunshan, Kunshan, from Danyang start until all bridges. The bridge will cross the city Suxichang 3. Among them, the Yangcheng Lake, on a 9 km long.




In addition to the stunning Danyang Bridge in Kunshan, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail in Jiangsu Province are three large bridges: Da Shengguan Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, 14 km long bridge; Nanjing Qinhuai River Bridge, bridge length 12 km; Zhenjiang Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Bridge, 11 km long bridge. Although the cost of the viaduct higher than the roadbed, but could walk a straight line due to building bridges, helping improve the speed.




June 30 is expected to be completed in Beijing South Railway Station known as "the first stop in Asia", with an area equivalent to 40 football pitches, known as the world's third largest airport, Heathrow International Airport, the combined area of all the terminal does not and Beijing South Station. Upon completion, will house, including the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, Beijing and Tianjin, including 24 to the hairline. By 2030, there will be 30000 people per hour, every day 280,000 people, 1.9 million people each year at this station on and off.

 

[我本皇汉]

Beijing South Railway Station

Beijing South Railway Station


- Asia's largest railway station




Beijing South Railway Station investment: 6.3 billion

Project duration: 2006 - 2008










Old Beijing South Railway Station was built in 1907, is located in Xuanwu, Chongwen and Fengtai District, at the junction of South Second Ring Road, South Ring Road, Majiabao East, West Majiabao between the north Liangshui River. Beijing South Railway Station built in 1958, was designed to use the old period of 10 years, and now already is extended active duty. May 2006 outage alterations. Beijing South Railway Station will be rebuilt after the starting point of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, the entire project be completed around 2009, when the Beijing South Railway Station will become the Asia's largest railway station.




The new South Station with a total construction area will be expanded to 22.6 million square meters, a total of five layers, from the ground and two floors underground, and 31.5 thousand square meters of elevated three-lane ring formed. On the ground for the elevated floor and ground floor, elevated floor is the main access taxis and private vehicles, ground floor main access public transport vehicles, and passenger stop. Is the transfer basement hall, parking lots, as well as outbound passenger system, and set aside to connect with the urban railway station. Is a two-story underground Metro Line 4, the Mass is a three-line subway 14. Traffic is expected in 2020 South Station Ultra 190 million passengers a year. The waiting room can accommodate 10,500 people waiting at the same time, Beijing South Railway Station by 2015, annual shipments will be more than 150 million passengers, the most advanced of the Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Tianjin high-speed trains will be on this dock.




The new South Station consists of 24 to the hair line, 13 stations. In which Pu-speed parking lot inside the hair line of five, three sites, the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed parking lot inside the hair line of 12, six sites, inter-city parking lot inside the hair line 7, the four sites, the total project to invest up to 6.3 billion. Among them, total length of 115 km Beijing-Tianjin inter-city railway will be held in July 2008 at the Beijing South Railway Station put into operation, its opening line of up to 250 km per hour.





The construction of the new South Station will highlight environmental protection and energy conservation ideas for the first time in many large-scale use of solar power station. In the elevated roof shelters a central light band, will set up solar panels, with a total power of 350 kilowatts. After the completion of the new South Station depends mainly on municipal power, solar power generation system will be open during the day, auxiliary power stations to solve the problem. After the completion of the new Beijing South Railway Station Beijing West Railway Station than the main station complex building area of more almost doubled, and the biggest traffic day, there will be more than 10 million.




Newly built Beijing South Railway Station will not only facilitate travel for passengers, fast, comfortable, good internal traveling environment, its shape is also extremely impressive. The design concept, embodying modernity, cultural and systemic. It is understood, its oval-shaped roof, the main material for the silver metallic aluminum, in the middle, there will be three levels of the design concept borrowed from the Temple of Heaven, metaphorical sense of the level of the Chinese royal architecture and status.




According to Beijing, the relevant transport planning, Metro Line 4 will be north-south through the Beijing South Railway Station, Subway Line 14 and the suburban railway will be east-west through the Beijing South Railway Station. After the renovation and expansion of the Beijing South Railway Station, will also serve as inter-city passenger trains and the fast train line from Beijing to terminal hair to become Beijing's most "fast" in Terminal. The new South Station will become a national railway, subway, bus, taxi rolled into a large transport hub

 

[我本皇汉]

The total investment: 16.0 billion

Project duration: 2003 11 14 - May 1, 2008

Hangzhou Bay Bridge (Hangzhou BayBridge) is the one across Hangzhou Bay Cross-Sea Bridge, which the north Haiyan, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, Andrew Tai-south waterway Bay, Cixi, Ningbo, a total length of 36 kilometers, is the world's longest cross-sea bridge connecting Bahrain and Saudi Arabia than the King Fahd Bridge is also 11 kilometers long and became the United States, Lake Pontchartrain Causeway after the world's second-long bridge.




Hangzhou Bay Bridge, Ningbo to Shanghai, upon completion, will shorten the distance of 120 km between the land, is the National Trunk Highway - the same three lines across the Hangzhou Bay, convenient access. By two-way six-lane highway bridge design, design speed of 100 km / h, the design life of 100 years, with a total investment of about 16.0 billion. November 14, 2003 started, after 43 months of the project construction, June 26, 2007 full-bridge link up is scheduled for November 30, 2007 the completion of the bridge pavement, bridge in May 2008 on the evening of 1 11:58 opened to traffic.





Bridge construction is conducive to take the initiative to converge in Shanghai, expanding opening up, promoting cooperation and exchange in the Yangtze River Delta region to improve in particular the Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province and Jiaxing City, opening up domestic level, and enhance the comprehensive strength and international competitiveness; helps improve the Yangtze River Delta Island regional road network layout and the National Trunk Highway to ease Shanghai, Hangzhou and Ningbo Expressway traffic pressure; help to change the end of Ningbo, the traffic situation, and thus become a transport hub, the implementation of regional development strategies around the Hangzhou Bay; are conducive to the promotion River , Zhejiang, Shanghai tourism development needs.




Hangzhou Bay Bridge, 36 kilometers, of which the bridge 35.7 kilometers long, by two-way six-lane highway design, design speed of 100km. The design life of 100 years. Bridge is located north, south two navigation channels. North navigable spans of the twin pairs of main span of 448m cable-plane steel box girder cable-stayed bridge, navigation standards of 35,000 tonnes; south navigable spans a single-tower cable-stayed steel box girder single cable plane navigation standards of 3,000 tons. Bridge connecting the two sides line project length 84.4 kilometers, the investment 5.21 billion yuan. Cable 29.1 kilometers north of them, the investment amount of 1.78 billion yuan; 55.3 kilometers south wiring investment of 3.43 billion yuan. Bridge and the cross-strait connecting line total investment of about 16.0 billion. The construction period about five years. Capital from the private sector accounted for half of total capital, including Youngor, Fang too kitchen Haitong Group and other private enterprises are involved in the bridge investment. Bridge Toll age of 30 years, standard fees, estimated at 55 yuan / vehicle. The economic benefits of the bridge itself is an important foundation to attract investors bullish. It is speculated that traffic flow survey in 2009 the traffic flow through the bridge for 5.2 million vehicles in 2015 up to 8 million vehicles in 2027 of 9.6 million.




The structure of the bridge towers of reinforced concrete cable-stayed bridge is located north and south two fairways, which Beihang bridge's main span of 448 meters twin pairs of diamond-type steel box girder cable-plane cable-stayed bridge, navigation standards 35000 -ton ships; Southern bridge main span of 318 meters of the A-type single-tower cable-stayed steel box girder pairs of cable plane, navigation standards for 3000-ton ships. In addition to the Southern, Northern Bridge Approach used outside the other, ranging from 30 ~ 80m prestressed concrete continuous box girder structure.




Bridge is a Chinese self-designed, self-management, self-investment, self-construction, engineering, six in the world or national record the highest in the amount of steel equivalent to 7 "Bird's Nest" and can resist more than 12 typhoons.




Bridge, consuming a total of 769,000 tons of steel, cement, 1.291 million tons, 11.6 thousand tons of oil asphalt, wood 19.1 thousand cubic meters, 2.4 million cubic meters of concrete, steel pipe piles 5513, 3550 bored piles, pile cap 1272, pier 1428 months, Construction in size for the domestic large bridge the most. South beach 50 m * 16 m box girder with prefabricated holes the whole, large flatbed beam girder process, creating a domestic and international transport of heavy beams frame a new record. Water District Approach 70 m * 16 m box girder using the entire pore system, transportation, aircraft integration programs, single beam weighing 2180 tons for the domestic first. Bridge approach into the water zone 1.5-1.6 m in diameter steel pipe pile, the pile of about 80 meters, totaling more than 4000, its steel pipe piles the size of the first-ever national bridge.




The high-tech construction technology embodied in the first. Uphold respect for science, relying on experts, extensive technical advice and exchange activities. According to expert opinion was decided to design the construction to take pre-oriented, industrialized, large-scale, and change land-based marine construction works for the construction program, breaking a long-term construction of the concept to design decisions. Lifting of prefabricated components for the maximum length 70 meters wide and 16 meters, 4.0 meters high and weighs 2180 tons of pre-stressed concrete box girder, the longest component of the length of 84 meters, diameter of 1.6 meters long steel pipe piles, this component can be be regarded as unique in the world. In order to reduce chloride ions in seawater on the corrosion of steel and concrete bridge to ensure that the life of the bridge 100 years, designers developed a set of dedicated seawater corrosion of an effective prevention and treatment programs. Bridge projects, etc. These can be seen high-tech.





Hangzhou Bay Bridge will be a "digital bridge." Research institutes will use the hardware and interface technology, networking and database technology, image and graphics technologies, artificial intelligence technology, computational mathematics, finite element technique, mechanics and many other disciplines, to establish a bridge design, construction and scientific evaluation system to support management, the entire Tower Bridge will set up a central monitoring system, with an average for every 1 km there is 1 on the monitor. In this way, not only the bridge can be scientific and rational maintenance management, and the Bridge "body" is also the health status of real-time control. At present, the project has been declared 17 Bridge Ministry of Transportation research project key projects, a bridge in the domestic sector is also rare.




Bridge, the most




1, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, 36 kilometers, its length in the present world, has been under construction and bridge construction in the first place.

2, Hangzhou Bay Bridge is located in strong corrosion of the marine environment, in order to ensure that the bridge life, in the country for the first time explicitly put forward the design life of greater than or equal 100 years of durability requirements.

3, Hangzhou Bay Bridge 50-meter box girder "beam transport set up" technology, set up the transport weight of from 900 tons to 1430 tons, setting a world of its kind technology, similar terrain bridge-building "Shang-Yun set up" a new record.

4, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, the upper structure of deep-sea areas with 70 meters of precast prestressed concrete box girder as a whole and sea transport aircraft technology to solve large-scale early-age cracking of concrete box girder construction problems, ground-breaking proposed and implemented the "Second Chang pull technology "to thoroughly solve the project" ills. "


5, Hangzhou Bay Bridge, the largest diameter of steel pipe pile 1.6 meters, the maximum length of pile 89 meters, maximum weight of 74 tons, creating a domestic and international long the whole pile of large diameter spiral steel pipe piles of the bridge the most.

6, the south bank of Hangzhou Bay Bridge, 10 km beach beneath a large number of shallow methane deposits, to pose a serious threat to construction safety. Bored piles in the tidal zone construction, innovative use of a controlled deflation of the safety of the construction process, and its construction technology for the world with similar geographical conditions, the first place

 

[我本皇汉]

Caofeidian Industrial Development Zone

Caofeidian Industrial Development Zone


- Super Port, far more than the size of the Three Gorges Project

The total project investment: 230 billion yuan

Project duration: 2005 - 2020
















Caofeidian Port is located 70 kilometers south of Tangshan City, South Fort areas Caofeidian Island, Caofeidian Pratas Island as a band, the ancient alluvial formed Luan River into the sea, has been 5500 years of history, because the island of the original CAO Fei Temple is named. from the mainland coastline is about 20KM, head extended forward from Austin, 500 meters water depth that is 25 meters water depth of up to Austin before the 36-meter deep trench is the deepest point of the Bohai Sea. By Caofeidian extension to the Bohai Straits, there is a water depth of 27 meters of natural watercourses, straight through the Strait, leading to the Yellow Sea. Watercourse with a natural combination of deep grooves form the Caofeidian building large deep-water port of a unique advantage. Here, 30 meters water depth of as much as 6 km long coastline, and does not freeze without silt, is the only does not require excavation of waterways and the Bohai Sea basin can build 30-ton berths large natural port site.




Caofeidian adjacent to Beijing and Tianjin cities group, 80 kilometers south of Tangshan, 220 kilometers away from Beijing, Tianjin, 120 kilometers west, 170 kilometers east of Qinhuangdao, industrial layout concentrated, a vast economic hinterland, rich resources, logistics and well-developed surface complementary resources, China's north-south economic integration movements, Caofeidian port development and construction, will construct new district town advantage, opening up space for new industries and create new economic growth point.




Caofeidian port development and construction, is Beijing and Tianjin and the surrounding areas of steel, petrochemical industry, the objective needs of development. Beijing and Tianjin and the surrounding region's economic structure, iron and steel, petrochemical and other industries in the country have a decisive influence. North China Shougang Group, Tangshan Iron and Steel, Xuan Steel, Baotou Steel, Tin Steel, bearing steel, as well as six major steel import ore demand Yanshan Petrochemical, Tianjin Petrochemical Corporation, Shijiazhuang Refinery, Cangzhou Refinery and other petrochemical enterprises in import demand for crude oil is very large. The ocean shipping imported ore, crude oil, the most economical and reasonable for the 20-25 million-ton transport ship. Particularly in the "North-South transport of coal," the major channel construction, will play an important role.





Caofeidian Island, behind the beach with a vast land area and connected to a low ebb area of 30 square kilometers, zero-m depth-line area of 150 square kilometers for the port industry and urban development and construction of the layout provided enough sites.




Natural conditions are very good harbor, island south-west and south of the former conditions of good water depth, 600 meters from the shore shall be the main tidal channel of the deep trough of Bohai Bay area. Long-term natural history of the role, giving Caofeidian the advantages of deep-water port near-shore, island top 10-meter isobath distance 0 meters isobath 200-500 meters, 500 meters water depth before the island reached 20-30 m, and 25 m depth of water through the Bohai Strait, without digging channels and basin. Caofeidian an average elevation of 2.0 meters above the highest point 3.0 meters away from the existing land and coast about 17 km, the middle area of shallow elevation of 0.6-2.7 meters. Port meteorological, hydrological and geological conditions are very good, less the amount of development and construction projects.







Caofeidian of project planning







Caofeidian the overall development and construction, sub-conducted short-term and long-term. The major projects include:

1, using the natural port Caofeidian site advantage, building four 250,000-ton ore terminal, two 300,000-ton crude oil terminal, 16 5-100000 ton of coal terminal, a 100,000-ton LNG terminal.




Ore dock construction in accordance with "Building 2 prepared by two" principle, a project building 25-ton ore import terminal 2, the annual unload 30 million tons of ore a total investment of 2.7 billion budget; two re-construction of two 250,000 tons grade ore terminal and eventually built four ore terminal, the formation of 60 million tons capacity.



To build 30 thousand-ton Crude Oil Terminal 2, the annual unloading capacity of 38 million tons, total investment 1.5 billion yuan; the same period in the first leg supporting the building of oil saving and oil pipelines, expansion of the national strategic reserve of crude oil capacity of 1,000 and 1,500 million tons.

Under the Datong-Qinhuangdao line expansion streaming needs, was launched 200 million tons a year capacity, planning and construction of 16 berths 5-10 million ton of coal. In which a building eight berths into the water capacity of 100 million tons of coal, 7.7 billion investment.

In Caofeidian build 10 million-ton LNG terminal 1 and terminal, pipelines and other facilities, the annual unloading capacity of 600 million tons, total investment of about 9.0 billion.




2, relying on imported ore terminal, combined with the overall relocation of Shougang Group, from Shougang Group, Tangshan Iron and Steel United in Caofeidian fine building 15 million tons of steel production base, a phase of the project eight million tons, a total investment of 63.5 billion yuan project. Products to the automotive, appliance, construction, shipbuilding, pressure vessels and other long-term national dependence on imported mainly of fine plates.




3, relying on imported crude oil terminal, construction of 15 million tons of crude oil reserve base in North China. Meanwhile, the use of imported crude oil, construction, 10 million-ton oil refinery, 1 million-ton ethylene refining integration project, a total investment of 27.3 billion.




4, relying on "North-South transport of coal" and the Datong-Qinhuangdao line expansion diversion project, the use of seawater cooling Caofeidian deep grooves, construction, 4.6 million kilowatts of large thermal power plants and to implement industrial zone central heating. The project consists of two parts, one invested 18.22 billion yuan for the construction of four installed capacity of 1000MW of ultra-supercritical coal-fired generating units; second is the use of imported LNG, invested 2.5 billion yuan to build two 300MW gas-fired thermal units.





In accordance with the development of circular economy ideas, in order to achieve the industrial zone industrial group of the most effective use of resources and pollution of the "zero emissions", in the construction of the four leading industries, based on the comprehensive utilization of resources at the same time the implementation of plans and industrial waste recycling project These include: the use of coke coal tar refining iron and steel industry, construction, 300,000 tons coal tar processing equipment, development of coal chemical industry and deep-processed products; the use of iron and steel plant of industrial waste residue, construction, annual output of 2.4 million tons of slag superfine powder project; the use of The cooling sea water desalination plant construction projects, desalination of concentrated brine processed for the chlor-alkali industry.







Caofeidian supporting infrastructure construction




Caofeidian order to speed up the overall development of the city began in 2003 Caofeidian supporting the construction of infrastructure projects. At present, the construction work has been fully carried out, Tung Island Road, Qinglin roads, electricity, communications, engineering and ore terminal project to ensure completion before the end of production, water supply engineering, railway engineering and steel mills Shugang of Reclamation projects, but also will be completed before the end of 2006. As follows:




1, Caofeidian, i. road works. By Lin bird fort to Caofeidian Island, a total length of 18.4 kilometers. The project was officially started in March 2003, by the end of May 2004 across the board to achieve linking, the main project be completed by the end of September, total investment 264 million yuan.




2, Qinglin road projects. Highway by Don Green Tuo Hong Kong exports to the forest birds at Fort Camp a total length of 52.3 km, a highway standards, total project investment of 560 million yuan. The project was started in September 2002, as of now the main line of roadbed and bridge and culvert project has been completed, this year will come the laying of asphalt pavement.




3, power supply works. In two phases according to plan construction of a pier for the protection of ore production and iron and steel plants supply the construction period, first to South Zone 220-kilovolt substation at Fort raises 110 kV line 68 km, and in Caofeidian Jian 2 × 2 Wan kW substation; 2 (After the completion of the steel plant) from an gezhuang 500 kV substation to the implementation of 220 kV Caofeidian power. At present, a 110-kilovolt power line project now under construction, by the end of June with the conditions for the ore terminal transmission.





4, communication engineering. The initial building program to build the module Bureau 2, with a total capacity of 4000, a total investment of 28.7 million yuan. At present, the erection of the five farm-to-forest bird Tanghai Fort communication cable, in the forest birds and Fort Caofeidian set up separate GSM and CDMA mobile communications base stations, wireless signal to cover the entire island and fort in the forest bird opened a wide , narrowband switch 608, is now operational.




5, ore terminal project. A project mainly building 25-ton ore terminal 2, and the supporting construction of pier 2, yard hydraulic fill 2 square kilometers, the total investment is estimated at 2.7 billion (not including the railway investments). The project was started in March 2004 construction date, total investment 900 million yuan. In June to stand-alone installation, linked to trial in November, with production capacity before the end of the year.




6, water supply project. The project includes water works, water works, water works and water distribution projects, the annual 82 million cubic meters of water supply in order to Douhe reservoir for water supply and water delivery pipeline 95 km away from the project total investment of 780 million yuan. At present, the project had been completed at Fort Tanghai County to the forest birds in paragraph 23 km pipeline installation. Tanghai to complete the pipeline segment basis Fengnan 31 km.




7, steel plant site hydraulic fill construction. A total area of 20 square kilometers, the construction in two phases, one built to 11.95 square kilometers, hydraulic fill volume of 54.68 million m3, a total investment of 1.387 billion yuan. Reclaimed is currently made to the construction in full swing, this year plans to invest 800 million yuan to complete the causeway 19,971 meters, hydraulic fill 34 million square meters, forming an area of 6 square kilometers land area. In August 2006 to complete a 11.95 square kilometers of the hydraulic fill.




8, Shugang railway projects. The project by the South Station Luan integration by Luannan, Tanghai County, to Caofeidian Island, according to national railway grade Ⅰ, in-line standard construction (lane reserved for electrification condition), line length of 75km, some of which land area 54 kilometers, coastal waters, some 21 kilometers, the project estimates a total investment of 1.4 billion. At present, the Ministry of Railways has completed the feasibility study review, in April 2005 to complete construction design is scheduled to start construction in May 2005, June 2006 operational.




Starting in 2005, officially opened Caofeidian a prelude to large-scale development and construction. 250,000-ton ore terminal in just 13 months time to finish the main terminal and supporting facilities construction projects, the successful realization of domestic and international transport, loading and unloading of imports of iron ore this year more than 1000 million tons, the whole year will reach 11 million tons ; Coal Terminal access to national approval, and the terminal being built in the main steel sheet pile construction; Crude Oil Terminal access to national approval, the ongoing construction of approach bridge piles, the end of the laying of pipelines; LNG terminal and storage tank area have been completed and the report of the test paper for project approval to report and preliminary design, build land and geological survey work in progress, recently launched the construction of; Tang Beijing Shougang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. quality steel base project has been completed the project approval to validate their reports, ground handling tests and all the No. 1 blast furnace 600 Dorgan cement pile and auxiliary pile pouring, is stepping up its organizational equipment bidding and the "leveling"; Resources Caofeidian Power Plant 2 × 30 kilowatt thermal electric power generating units required for project approval documents have been completed and is undergoing ground treatment, Pile driving and host bids; 22 projects such as the rule of Steel will also start construction this year.





Caofeidian blowing sand made to project China's largest land reclamation project. According to the plan, Caofeidian reclamation required the construction of a total area of 310 square kilometers (more than Shanghai Lingang New City project, equivalent to 20 in Macau area). Up to now, Caofeidian has more than 15 square km area of land reclamation, industrial areas thirsty.




The next five years, development and construction of industrial zone project completion of about 150 billion yuan investment in 2010, gross domestic product to reach 560 billion yuan, fiscal revenue reached 70 billion yuan, Hong Kong City area of 90 square kilometers and built-up areas.

 

[我本皇汉]

Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge

Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge


- The world's largest cable-stayed bridge
Project investment: 7.89 billion

Project duration: 2003 - 2008

Su-Tong Bridge is located in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province and Suzhou in eastern (Changshu) between the cities of Shenyang, the Ministry of Communications plans to the national key trunk roads across the mouth of the Yangtze River an important channel, but also the main backbone of Jiangsu Province Highway Network "vertical and 1" -- Ganyu to Wujiang an important part of the expressway is China's largest bridge in the history of engineering, general construction conditions, the most complex of the large bridge engineering. Su-Tong Bridge opened to traffic completely changed the Nantong Across the river, "hard pass" an embarrassing history, from the bridge crossing the river to the Changshu only 7 minutes, from rapid integration into the Su Nan plate.




The Yangtze River has so far built 164 bridges. In addition to Wuhan, Nanjing and other old bridge outside are all run for nearly 30 years to build. Early Jiangyin Bridge, the world's fourth-largest long-span suspension bridge, the world's third largest suspension bridge Runyang.





Su Tong Bridge was opened, for the first 165 of the. Although the time is definitely not the last one, but the space is the final one mouth of the Yangtze. As the geological conditions than Jiangyin, Runyang two bridges is more difficult, not possible suspension, but only with cable. This Bridge is the world's largest cable-stayed bridge span of the twin towers. His works difficult, the scale of the vast, high-precision technology, coupled with the four created by the "World's most" of the record, it represents a bridge between China and the world the highest level of the building, the National Geographic magazine as "an unparalleled engineering "was the theme of the Su-Tong Bridge made an interview with the coverage, enough to be called" Yangtze River Bridge No. 1. " Full-Bridge share of steel about 25 million tons of concrete 140 Wan Fang, filling 320 Wanfang. Bridge Project construction period of six years, the actual five-year construction period. The project was June 27, 2003 started construction, with a total investment of 7.89 billion.




Su-Tong Bridge route length of 32.4 kilometers. Bridge project spanning the main span of 1088 meters using twin-pairs of cable-plane cable-stayed bridge design to create the "deepest group pile foundation," "the highest bridge towers," "the longest cable-stayed" and the "largest main span of the" four the world record.




113 consisting of river crossing bridge piers, up to 8146 meters, there are 92 standing in the river among the piers. The first of these two main towers 68 and 69 piers, each pier cost about 6 billion, pier length 114 meters, width 48 m, equivalent to the size of a football field, thickness of 9 meters, concrete is poured up to 5 million cubic meters, Tun Next by 131, up to 120 meters, each root diameter of 2.5 to 2.8 m in the composition of bored piles, which is the world's largest and deepest buried bridge pile foundation, so the first one set world records. Of the world's largest cable-stayed bridge main span of 1088 meters, the longest cable-stayed 577 meters, the largest group pile foundation 131, the maximum main bridge tower 300.4 meters.




Two main tower piers, the erection of a "human" shape of the towering, each tower of up to 300.4 meters. This far exceeds Japan's Tatara Bridge, the bridge towers, which up to 224 meters, is currently ranked first in the world. It is also built in Hong Kong than in the Stonecutters Bridge, the bridge towers above 6 meters, ranked the throne of the world's highest tower, setting the first two world records.




Each bridge towers, to extend on both sides of 68 double-sided steel cable, a total of 136 pairs, 272 to form a group of four "human" shape, each with 34 "people", which 2088 meters of the main bridge, depends on this 136 ticks as a "person" the word guy, traction with 46,000 tons of heavy steel girder bridge. Two main piers of the span of 1088 meters, than the world's largest long-span cable-stayed bridge (Tatara Bridge in Japan) and 890 meters, 198 meters to grow. Stonecutters Island in Hong Kong than in building long-span cable-stayed bridge of 1018 meters, but also grow 70 meters. This is the first three world records.




This group of four "human"-shaped cable, the more the larger outside, the most outer side of the four "human" character maximum. This eight cables up to 577 meters of each root and weighs 59 tons, compared with Japan's Tatara Bridge, the longest cable-stayed to grow more than 100 meters. This set the first four world records.





The reason why so much money in the construction of the bridge tower pier is to the whole Yangtze golden waterway to the sea shipping. Main span 1088 meters, so that the main channel Jingkuan 891 meters, bridges, clear height 62 meters and can be 50000-ton container ships. The current daily maximum and shipping 6 1000.




15 typhoon resistant




According to Su Tong Bridge in the construction process through the wind, earthquake, anti-ship collision, anti-erosion and other technical tests, the capture of large groups such as pile foundation design and construction of hundreds of items of scientific research topic. The bridge construction site of Chief Engineer, Chief Engineer, Director Wu Shouchang In an interview with Post reporters yesterday, said that thanks to the elimination of the world's most advanced facilities in shock, according to the design, under normal circumstances 50000-ton ocean-going vessel crashed into the piers, bridges and boats are nothing would happen. Su-Tong Bridge is located in an earthquake six minimum security zone, seismic intensity is not a great area, but the event of an earthquake would have great impact on the bridge, so the bridge in the planning and design to take a two-stage maximum security: to ensure that a case of an earthquake in the Millennium safe nothing to do; in the event of an earthquake in 2500 will not collapse, "said the popular point is the 'small earthquake is not bad, earthquake not fall'."




In the wind design, the Su-Tong Bridge can withstand 50 m / s wind speed, the bridge structure to meet the 75 m / s wind speed. In other words, Su Tong Bridge in the design capacity of 15 can be anti-typhoon, the main structure can be anti-big typhoon 18. Su-Tong Bridge in Nantong and the Soviet Union has accelerated the opening of the northern Jiangsu Sunan region's integration into the economic section, the process of economic radiation of Shanghai, so that travel time to Shanghai, Nantong, shortened to 1 hour or so, the same between the Yangtze River Delta city group City effect will be more apparent.







Highest in the world




Su-Tong Bridge main span of the largest span of 1088 meters, is the world's largest long-span cable-stayed bridge.


The most basic Su Tong Bridge pier base is made up 131 of about 120 meters in diameter from 2.5 to 2.8 m of the pile group composition, caps a long 114 meters wide and 48 m, an area of a football field is 40 meters water depth The following 300 meters thick on soft soil to build up, is the world's largest and buried the deepest group of pile foundation.

Currently the world's highest bridge tower bridge towers have been built up for the Tatara Bridge, 224 meters of the steel tower, Su Tong Bridge 300.4 meters high concrete tower, for the world's highest bridge towers.

Lasuo Su Tong's longest cable-stayed bridge up to a maximum of 577 meters, than Japan's Tatara cable-stayed bridge 100 meters long, the world's longest cable-stayed

 

[SinoIndusFriendship]

In the last 30 years China has developed MORE than ALL OF EUROPE + USA + JAPAN + KOREA in the last 100 years.

This is NOT a myth.

If you think this is amazing, the next 30+ years will eclipse the previous 30+ years!

---------- Post added at 08:26 AM ---------- Previous post was at 08:26 AM ----------

Yeah, I've been to many places, and NOTHING comes close to China..... gonna visit the heartland of Africa next.

 

[我本皇汉]

Western Development

Western Development

- Large-scale systems engineering




Project Investment: 850 billion or more

Project duration :2000-2020

As early as in the fifties, Comrade Mao Zedong in his famous "On the Ten Major Relationships" on the stress properly handle the coastal industry and the industrial relations. He simply said: "My all light and heavy industry, there are about 70% in coastal areas, only 30% in the Mainland. This is the history of the formation of an irrational situation. Coastal industrial base must be fully utilized, however, in order to balance the layout of industrial development, the Mainland industry must develop ......"




In November 1999, the Central Economic Work Conference to finalize the development of the western region of strategic decisions. The meeting proposed to lose no time in implementing the western development strategy, which is directly related to expanding domestic demand and promote economic growth is related to national unity, social stability and border defense, and related to the coordinated development of east and west and eventually realize common prosperity. From the overall situation, from a strategic height fully understand the significance of developing the western region should be regarded as the party and the country an important strategic task in a more prominent position. Subsequently, in December at a national planning conference, the State Development Planning Commission Zeng said: "We should like special economic zones as the year to accelerate the development of the western region."





The scope of Western Development in Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and other 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, covering an area 6.85 million square km, accounting for 71.4%. The end of 2002 population of 367 million people, accounting for 28.8% of the country. 2003 GDP 2.266 trillion yuan, accounting for 16.8%. In the western region is rich in resources, market potential, an important strategic position. However, due to natural, historical, social and other reasons, the relatively backward western region's economic development, per capita gross domestic product equivalent to only two-thirds of the national average, less than the average level of the eastern region 40% of the urgent need to speed up reform and opening up and the pace of modernization.




Implementation of the western development is a long and arduous historical task, but also a large-scale systems engineering. We should have a sense of urgency, but also mentally prepared for long-term struggle. The overall strategic objectives are: the efforts of several generations, to the mid-21st century, when the country basically realize modernization, and fundamentally change the face of the relatively backward western regions, and strive to build a beautiful scenery, economic prosperity, social progress, national unity, and the people rich new west.




In 2000, the western development will achieve substantial progress, the new start of the "Top Ten Project", that is, Nanjing-Xi'an railway, Chongqing-Huaihua Railway, the western road construction, airport construction in western Chongqing Light Rail, Sebei - Xining - Lanzhou Gas Transmission Pipeline , 300,000 tons potash fertilizer project in Qinghai, the western returning farmland to forest and pasture, the western university infrastructure, such as Sichuan Zipingpu. At the same time last year, has also started construction of a number of supporting the project. Now that these projects are in the smooth construction.




June 29, the western development strategy landmark projects - the Qinghai-Tibet railway line started construction. This is 1118 kilometers long railway is expected to be completed in 2007. Qinghai-Tibet Railway will be north-south Qinghai and Tibet, the two provinces to become communications in Tibet, Qinghai, liaison with the Mainland major channel of strategic significance, but also a road network in the western hinterland, an important part of the skeleton.




"West to east," a comprehensive way. By the State Council approval, Hongjiadu Hydropower Station, Yinzidu, Wujiangdu Hydropower Station Extension Project, Tianshengqiao to Guangdong third back to 500 kV AC Transmission Line Project, Yunnan Baofeng to Luo 500 kV AC Transmission Line Project in 2000 years, November 8 at the same time in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces, autonomous regions and construction. Prior to this, the "west to east" has an important role in Chongqing Wanxian to the Three Gorges Power Station 500 kilovolt AC transmission line project, and Yunnan Xuanwei thermal power plants under construction. "Tenth Five-Year" period, from Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong, the Three Gorges power transmission will be 10 million kilowatts.




"Natural Gas" takes effect. At present, the West-East Gas Project preparation is progressing smoothly. China National Petroleum Corporation in conjunction with the China International Engineering Consulting Corporation re-investigation into the pipeline, the relevant departments and provinces are actively implementing the downstream market. Under the current planning scheme, an initial annual gas supply volume of 12 billion cubic meters or so, after the in-depth with the resource exploration and downstream gas market development, and gradually increase the amount of gas. Will be replaced each year tens of millions of tons of coal, natural gas in energy consumption structure will increase the proportion of 1-2 percentage points.





This year, the state will be a new batch of major projects started. Will add 500 million mu of forests or grassland in the pilot project, Baise, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia Nierji water, "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Road, an important trunk road in the western region, Lanzhou - Chongqing oil pipeline engineering, agriculture and economy with local characteristics , the center of urban infrastructure construction, western education, hi-tech and health care projects. Addition, we must speed up the Tarim and Heihe comprehensive treatment project and coves and a number of hydropower stations in the western region of the preparatory work for major projects.




In the construction of the airport, according to "15" in the western region during the Civil Aviation Airport "in implementation of the Hub project, the development of regional airports, optimizing the route structure and improve operational efficiency," the basic principles, this year will start the construction of Xi'an Xianyang International Airport, while building to Chengdu Shuangliu Airport, Kunming Wujiaba Airport, Xi'an Xianyang Airport, Lanzhou Airport and Urumqi airport as the center of the regional aviation network, and gradually form a major hub airport as the center of the wheel-spoke feeder air transportation network.




In railway construction, in order to build the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as an opportunity, "15" railway construction in the western region will be one climax after another. Mainly include: the construction of east-west crossing railway lines. Strengthen the bridge channel, Jing-lan channel-building, research the construction of the northwest and convenient railway corridor in north China, and strengthen Shanghai Kun-channel, construction along the river channel; the construction of the western provinces and regions of channel rail.




West large-scale infrastructure construction must have the funding. Countries in the investment arrangements, focusing on the central and western regions, especially in the western regions. In last year's scheduling investment in treasury bonds for investment in the western region more than 430 billion yuan of treasury bonds, but also arranged a considerable number of the central budget for investment and the central special construction fund. Overall, the western region in infrastructure, ecological environment and science and technology education, the building has been fully launched and accelerated. National highway trunk roads and the road network significantly speed up the progress of construction, new traffic mileage of 10,000 kilometers, of which 1,000 km expressway. So far, last year's arrangements, counties have more than half of the progress of road works. Rural power network reconstruction project has been completed nearly two-thirds. Grain for Green completed a total of more than 1120 mu of barren hills wasteland to complete more than 780 million mu of forests and pastures

 

[我本皇汉]

Development of key projects in western

Qinghai-Tibet Railway project a total investment of 33.0 billion up to 1118 kilometers of this railway

West to east project a total investment of 526.5 billion yuan from Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi and Guangdong, the Three Gorges power transmission will be 10 million kilowatts.

West-East Gas Project total investment of 209.7 billion yuan an initial annual gas supply capacity of about 12 billion cubic meters

Ningxi Railway a total investment of 23.5 billion short Xi'an-Nanjing, Nanjing-Xi'an railway Railway, 1075.6 kilometers length, design speed of 160 km.

From Lanzhou to Chengdu oil pipeline project across a total investment of 15 billion yuan in Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Chongqing and four provinces and cities, length of 1247 kilometers

300 thousand tons in Qinghai potash fertilizer project, a total investment of 2.2 billion yuan

 

[我本皇汉]

Five vertical and seven horizontal "National Trunk Highway

- The world's largest highway project

The total project investment: 900 billion yuan

Project duration: 1991 - 2020




The "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Highway Planning and Construction Project in China with the main highway road network based framework, with a total mileage of about 3.5 million kilometers. "Five vertical" refers to the same river - Sanya, Beijing - Zhuhai, Chongqing - Beihai, Beijing - Fuzhou, Erenhot - estuaries. "And seven horizontal" refers to Lianyungang - Horgos, Shanghai - Chengdu, Shanghai - Ruili, Hengyang - Kunming, Qingdao - Yinchuan, Dandong - Lhasa, Suifenhe - Manchuria.




According to economic and social development strategic plan, The People's Republic of China Ministry of Communications in the "Eighth Five-Year" plan proposed during the road construction and development policy and long-term goal planning.

The plan's contents: From 1991 to 2020, with 30 years or so, and built 12 long-35000km "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Road, the main trunk line will be the nation's important cities, industrial centers, transportation hubs and major land-based Port link up and connect all of the current population of more than 1 million of the mega-cities and the vast majority of the current population of 50 million or more, medium-sized cities, and gradually form a pattern compatible with the national economic development, coordination with other modes of transport, mainly by the high - Grade Highway (high-speed, level 2 road) consisting of fast, efficient and safe national highway trunk system. In the technical standards for the industry in general with the Beijing-Guangzhou line, the economically developed east of Beijing-Guangzhou line, traffic volume, with the main highway; west traffic is small, with one or two main roads.

[Transfer from Jagged Community http://bbs.tiexue.net/]






Among them, the "five vertical" is about 15 590km, consists of the following five high-grade highway from north to south and vertical components:

Tongjiang - Sanya, about 5 700km;

Beijing - Fuzhou, about 2 540km;

Beijing - Zhuhai, about 2 310km;

Erenhot - Estuary, about 3 610km; Erenhot - Taiyuan - Xian - Chengdu - Kunming - Estuary

Chongqing - Zhanjiang, about 1 430km.

[Transfer from Jagged Community http://bbs.tiexue.net/]






"And seven horizontal" total mileage of about 20 300km, consists of the following seven high-grade highway from east to west horizontal components:

Suifenhe - Manzhouli, about 1 280km;

Dandong - Lhasa, about 4 590km;

Qingdao - Yinchuan, about 1 610km;

Lianyungang - Horgos, about 3 980km;

Shanghai - Chengdu, about 2 770km;

[Transfer from Jagged Community http://bbs.tiexue.net/]
Shanghai - Ruili, about 4 900km;

Hengyang - Kunming, about 1 980km.




The Trunk Highway System is completed, will be 2% of the country's total commitment to the country's total highway mileage of more than 20% of the traffic in large cities, the inter-provincial, regional, formed between 400 ~ 500km round trip the same day, 800 ~ 1000km day of direct modern high-grade highway network, and will bring considerable economic benefits. It is estimated that, by that time an annual saving of current consumption in the country one-tenth of road transport diesel fuel to reduce transportation costs and reduced passenger and the transit time of the direct benefits arising from up to 400 ~ 500 billion yuan, an indirect benefit up to 2 00 billion yuan above.




The end of 2001, "five vertical and seven horizontal" road construction progressing smoothly, the southwest was bored through access to the sea, marking the completion of the three important basic sections. 2002 road construction is still the national highway trunk line construction, "five vertical and seven horizontal" National Trunk Highway newly started 1300km. To "15" end of the national highway mileage will reach 1.6 million km (2001 Census National Highway Nian Di, China's total highway mileage has reached 1.69 million km), of which expressways will exceed 25 000km, the National Trunk Highway in the "two vertical and two Cross-sections of three important "will be fully completed, the" five vertical and seven horizontal "Most road sections will be run through the western development of the eight major channels will also be comprehensive construction.

 

[我本皇汉]

China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-capacity fiber-optic network

- A world-class optical fiber communication networks








Project investment: 7 billion yuan

Project duration: 1988 - 1998










China's optical fiber research from the mid-70s started, after three decades of development, China's optical fiber and cable industries have been ranked in the world. China's six major basic telecom operators, cable length used totaled 4.322 million kilometers, consumption of fiber is about 80.72 million kilometers; plus radio and television, electricity, oil and others, the country used by cable length is approximately 5.772 million kilometers, consumption of fiber 107.81 million km. 90 years the rapid development of the domestic telecommunications industry led to the rapid growth of fiber optic communications market. At present, China-based long-haul fiber-optic transmission network accounts for more than 90% of the domestic has eight vertical and eight horizontal built fiber optic backbone network, covering more than 85% of the counties and cities nationwide.




Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications in 1988 and started eight vertical and eight horizontal fiber optic communications lines and construction of the project, China began building contains 22 optical cable lines, a total length of 33,000 kilometers of "eight vertical and eight horizontal" large-capacity optical fiber communication trunk transmission network. 1998 Lanssila (Lanzhou - Xining - Lhasa) the project is completed, marking the eight vertical and eight horizontal fiber optic cable backbone mesh-like shape built two years in advance, Lanssila optical cable trunk lines through the average elevation of 3,000 meters of alpine permafrost zone, the whole 2700 kilometers long, is China's telecommunications building in the history of the most difficult construction projects, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and the People's Liberation Army soldiers from the joint construction. Result of China's nationwide network covers more than the capital cities and 90% of prefectures and cities, nationwide long-distance optical cable up to 20 million km, formed the main cable, satellite and digital microwave, supplemented by long-distance backbone network.




China now has an annual output of nearly 20 million kilometers of optical fiber preform production capacity, annual output of 40 million kilometers fiber production capacity, annual output of 40 million fiber km of fiber optic cable capacity; with a hundred optical fiber and cable companies, equipment manufacturers, materials manufacturers, able to meet domestic market demand, and produces a considerable number of products into the international market. Has formed a full range of optical fiber and cable products, materials and equipment manufacturers supporting the manufacturing systems, fiber optic cable product quality is excellent, with independent intellectual property rights OPGW, ADSS optical fiber cable and submarine fiber optic cable is even more remarkable.




China has mastered the world's most wide information highway, the transmission of information terabit capacity (ie, 1 × 1012 bits) of optical fiber WDM systems, full ownership of China's independent intellectual property rights system. Opened a year ago and put into operation in Shanghai to Hangzhou, a trunk (80 × 40Gb / s) system, available to more than 4000 million people in the same time calls. China Telecom started in 2007 a new transmission lines projects at the national level, the flames of communications 1.6TDWDM high-end optical network equipment will be covered Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Hubei, Jiangxi and Anhui provinces.





According to market research firm InfoneticsResearch recent speech entitled "Asia-Pacific optical network hardware: China, Japan, India and South Korea," the study reports that in 2007 China's optical network hardware spending in the Asia Pacific region ranked number one in Japan more than doubled, more than India, South Korea and other Asia-Pacific region all countries. 2007 Asia-Pacific optical network hardware spending 3.4 billion U.S. dollars, China accounted for 43%.

Huawei Group since 2003 has been in the Asia Pacific region optical network hardware market ranked first in market share has been steady growth. Alcatel - Lucent ranked second. Followed by ZTE and NEC.










"Eight vertical and horizontal 8" high-capacity fiber-optic network




8 vertical is:

(&#9352 Harbin - Shenyang - Dalian - Shanghai - Guangzhou;

(&#9353 Qiqihar - Beijing - Zhengzhou - Guangzhou - Haikou - Sanya;


(&#9354 Beijing - Shanghai;

(&#9355 Beijing - Guangzhou;

(&#9356 Hohhot - Beihai, Guangxi; project length is 4,000 km, invest more than 800 million yuan, 98 March Completed

(&#9357 Hohhot - Kunming;

(&#9358 Xining - Lhasa; total length of 2454 kilometers Engineering, Investment 6 million yuan, 98 July Completed

(&#9359 Chengdu - Nanning.




8 Cross are:

(&#9352 Beijing - Lanzhou; total length of 2052 kilometers projects, investment 4 billion yuan, 96-year Completed

(&#9353 Qingdao - Yinchuan;

(&#9354 Shanghai - Xi'an;

(&#9355 Lianyungang - Yining, Xinjiang;

(&#9356 Shanghai - Chongqing;


(&#9357 Hangzhou - Chengdu;

(&#9358 Guangzhou - Nanning - Kunming;

(&#9359 Guangzhou - North Sea - Kunming.







China Fiber History Summary




In 1991, China stopped the construction of a building of long-distance cable communication systems, and make great efforts to develop optical fiber communication system's decision.

In 1993, China's first international optical cable - the Sino-Japanese submarine fiber optic cable put into operation, from the Nanhui, Shanghai to Japan Miyazaki, a total length of 1252 kilometers, for 15.12 thousand pairs of people at the phone, or open other non-voice services.


In 1996, the total length of more than 2100 km, crossing 14 countries in the Asia-Europe cable operational.

In 1997, the Sino-US undersea fiber optic cable began, the northern route in early December 1999 all built, and in January 19, 2000 formally put into use, is a major Asian telecommunications lines connecting the United States.

In 1999, connecting more than 30 countries and regions Yaou Hai at the end of fiber optic cable (total length 40,000 kilometers) officially started commercial operations.

In 1999, the maximum transfer rate of China's first national-level Route (Jinan - Qingdao) 8 × 2.5Gb / s dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) system, built so that a pair of fiber optic communications capacity has expanded eight-fold.

In 2000, China Telecom and Korea Telecom, Japan Telecom, the U.S. MFN companies, seven of the world's leading telecommunications operators signed a high-speed trans-Pacific undersea fiber optic cable - Asia and the United States the construction of submarine cable agreement.

In 2006, China, the United States, South Korea six operators signed an agreement in Beijing, a joint venture to build 500 million U.S. dollars between China and the United States first terabyte-class, 10G wavelength submarine cable systems - Trans-Pacific Express cable system is expected to Beijing Olympic Games on the eve of completion.


In 2006, East Asia, FLAG (EAC) Qingdao landing submarine part of the project (WDM) put into trial operation, the shoulder of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games communications and logistical support missions in East Asia FLAG, also known as the Olympic Submarine Cable (EAC), is a major national communications infrastructure projects is one of South Korea submarine cable to replace another one ring cable Asia-Pacific region. The submarine cable network in the original EAC, based on a new 350-km long submarine cable.




Around the world there for more than 1.5 billion in cable television subscribers, covering more than half of the world population. In which there are 200 million of China's huge user base, and is still 5 million per year rate of growth; households rate of 17 percent, exceeding the rate of telephone households (9%) and computer-home rate (1.2%), urban coverage of 86%, 50% national coverage, has become China's highest coverage in the user information networks. SARFT approved by the 1300 cable television network covering more than 400 cities and 2,000 counties (of which 400 counties have optical cable to the township or village), network line length more than 300 million km, of which the length of optical fiber network more than 300 thousand kilometers, is the world's largest cable television network.

 

[我本皇汉]

"Water Diversion" project

- The world's largest water conservancy project

Project Investment: 500 billion yuan

Project duration: 2002 - 2020

North water diversion project is the second, after the Three Gorges Project, China's another major land construction projects, on China's social progress and economic significance of sustainable development even more than the Three Gorges Project. Of this vast project, for us to improve resource utilization efficiency and the rational allocation of resources, enhance environmental awareness and social welfare responsibility, have put forward higher requirements.




From the fifties that "diversion" scenario, after decades of study, the overall layout of water diversion determined as follows: respectively from the Yangtze River upper, middle and lower reaches of water diversion to meet the northwest, north China's development throughout the needs, namely, Water Diversion Project Water Diversion Middle Route Project and the south-east line project. Water diversion works were divided into eastern, central and western three water diversion lines. After the completion of the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, Haihe River interconnection, would constitute China's water resources "four horizontal 3 vertical, north-south allocation, mutual economic thing," the general pattern.




Midline works to ease Beijing, Tianjin, North China's water crisis, for Beijing, Tianjin and Henan, Hebei and along the urban life, industry to increase the water supply 6.4 billion m3, by 3 billion for agriculture m3. Greatly improve the water ecological environment and investment environment, promote economic development of China's central region. Danjiangkou Reservoir Dam heightening improve middle and lower Hanjiang River flood control standards to protect the Han Dynasty and the Wuhan City, North Plains safety. Downstream water from the Yangtze River, the basic one level along the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, carrying water to the north to the eastern part of the Huang-Huai plain water, end of Tianjin.




East-line project since the early '50s, there is envisaged that in 1972, after a severe drought in northern China, water and electricity organized by the Department for research. 20 years by the South-North Water Planning Office, led the Huaihe River Water Resources Commission, the Haihe River Water Resources Commission, Ministry of Water Resources, Tianjin Survey and Design Institute with the relevant provinces and municipalities, departments have done a lot of collaborative investigation, design and research activities. In 1976 that "the recent South-North Water Project Planning Report," submitted to the State Council, and conduct preliminary. In March 1983 the State Council approved the MEW reported a "south-east line first phase of the project feasibility study report." Ministry of Water Resources in September 1993 in conjunction with a joint review of the relevant provinces and cities, and through "south-east-line project revision of the planning report" and the "South-North Water Transfer East Route Phase I feasibility study revision of the reporting." Water diversion project started in December 2002, as at the end of 2007 the accumulated total completed investment in the construction of the design elements of the total investment 60.7%.





East-line project for Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin and a net increase of five provinces and cities water supply 14.33 billion m3, of which, industrial and shipping water 6.656 billion m3. Agriculture 7.676 billion m3. East-line project will be basically resolved after the implementation of Tianjin, Hebei Heilonggang shipped East, Shandong, northern Shandong, Southwest, and parts of the city's water shortage Jiaodong issues, and have the water supply to Beijing conditions. The promotion of the Bohai Sea area and the eastern plains Huanghuaihai economic development and improving the environment deteriorated because of water shortage. For the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Jining to Xuzhou section of navigation guaranteed source of water throughout the year. To Luxi and two commodity grain base in northern Jiangsu been consolidated and developed.




West Line Project: In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Tongtian River and its tributaries, the upper reaches of the Yalong and Dadu River dams built library, dug through the Yangtze and the Yellow River watershed of the Bayan Har of the water tunnel, transfer the upper reaches of the Yangtze River water into the Yellow River. West Line project is to resolve issues relating to water supply aim of the blue, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other six provinces (autonomous regions) on the middle reaches of the Yellow River and Weihe River Guanzhong Plain water shortages. With the construction of the Yellow River Water Control Project on the backbone, but also to neighboring Gansu Hexi Corridor region of the Yellow River Basin water supply, if necessary, could also supply water to the Yellow River.




Water Diversion Project is to achieve optimal allocation of water resources in China's strategic initiatives. By geographical location, quantity of water transferred out of district and other conditions, West, Central, East three water diversion lines have their own water supply in a reasonable range, not a substitute for each other, according to the region's economic development needs; pre-work and the state's financial state conditions, such as step by step.










Project Content




Midline of the main South-North Water Project water from the water source area of engineering and construction of two main parts. Water District projects Danjiangkou and the Han River middle and lower compensation for the latter part of continued construction works; water diversion project that is the main channel and Tianjin Han cited trunk.




(A) Water District, Engineering 1. Danjiangkou continued construction project Danjiangkou reservoir control 60% of the Han River watershed area, multi-year average natural runoff is 40.85 billion m3, consider the upstream development of water storage in 2020 forecast 38.54 billion m3. Danjiangkou have already been constructed on the basis of the initial size, according to the original plan continued construction completed, crest elevation from the current 162m, increasing the height to 176.6m, the design water level from 157m to 170m, the total capacity of up to 29.05 billion m3, more than the initial increase in storage capacity of 11.6 billion m3, increase effective regulation capacity of 8.8 billion m3, increase the flood storage capacity of 3.3 billion m3. Danjiangkou reservoir the size of normal water level is 170m later, it will increase the flood covering an area of 370km2, according to the 1992 survey, the major indexes inundated by: Population: 22.4 million people in Housing: 4.794 million m2 of arable land: 23.5 million mu of industrial and mining enterprises: 120 (collectively township and village enterprises), submerged fixed assets 120 million yuan. 2. Middle and lower Hanjiang compensation works for exemption from the recent industrial and agricultural water diversion middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River and the shipping of water may have adverse effects, is required to construct: River drainage engineering or Nianpan Xinglong Mountain hub dongjing he River to supply water works, alterations or expansion of part of the Sluice Gate Station, and an additional part of the fairway renovation project.





(B) a water supply project. Main channel of the Yellow River south of the main canal headworks line has been built by the location of the square city Jianghuai Yakou and through limiting the scope of the Yellow River towards clear. The Yellow River north of the river water has compared the use of existing and new channels two types of programs, from gravity to ensure both water quality and full range of options to consider new channels of high-line program. Main channel from the Nanyang City Xichuan Taocha headworks diversion along the channel has been built 8km extension of the Funiu Shannan Foothills Qiangang ridge and plain white belt, to the northeast road, after Nanyang after the cross-over Shirakawa Jianghuai hojo Yakou into the Huaihe River Basin. The Baofeng, Yuzhou, Xinzheng west, north-west arc Bo Tsui in Zhengzhou Branch crossed the Yellow River. And then along the Taihang Mountain piedmont Dong Lu, Beijing-Guangzhou railway west of north, to Tangxian into the hilly area, too beijuma he entered Beijing border, over the Yongding River entered the Beijing area, the ending point is Yuyuantan. Total trunk length 1241.2km.




Xushui County, Hebei, Tianjin trunk from the main channel of the North West Black Hill east to Tianjin on the watershed, West Sluice total length of 142km. Trunk canal headworks design water level 147.2m, end 49.5m, full line of gravity, the main control point water level, flow as follows: control point or the Drainage Section Design flow (m3 / s) design water level (Yellow Sea elevation) (m) headworks ~ Party City 630 (increase 800) 147.2 ~ 500 119.5 ~ 137.8-off of the Yellow River into the 106.0 Beijing, Hebei 415 91.3 Progressive 70 Progressive Yuyuantan 40 49.5 Tianjin 61.1 trunk 70 64.9 ~ 2.7 of the Yellow River south of the channel Zongpo 1 / 25000; Yellow River north of the 1 / 30000 ~ 1 / 15000.




Channels across the board according to different soil, respectively, using concrete, cement, soil, shotcrete surface wiping means of full-face lining, seepage by roughness. Channel design with the design flow depth decrease from south to north, 9.5m from the canal head to Beijing 3.5m, Bottom width from 56m ~ 7m. Main channel of the engineering geological conditions, and major geological problems has been basically clear. The right of the expansive soil and loess section of drainage channel slope stability, liquefaction of saturated sand section of vibration issues and ground segment of the seismic issue of earthquake intensity, through the pressure of coal and coal mining areas of the mined-out area collapse problems in the design of to take corresponding measures to solve the project.




The main channel of communication the Yangtze River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, Haihe River Basin the four required to pass through the Yellow River and other rivers catchments area of 10km2 over 219, across the railway 44 is required to build a road bridge across the main channel 571, in addition to restraint gates, sub-gate, back water, buildings and tunnels, culverts, etc. on the main channel a total of 936 types of buildings, the largest of which is to wear the Yellow River project. Tianjin trunk the size of the river through 48, there is a building 119. 2. The total wear of the Yellow River main channel in the Yellow river basin planning taohuayu reservoir through the Yellow River, Yellow River project is large in scale, complexity of the issues, invest more, is the main channel of the most critical buildings. After several more comprehensive study of the program that the two kinds of inverted siphon aqueduct and tunnel type of technology are feasible. As the tunnel option can be avoided with the Yellow river regime, the Yellow River planning contradiction shield construction technology can learn from successful experiences both at home and abroad, so combining the two sides drainage line layout, recommended solitary Bo Tsui tunnel option. Through the Yellow River tunnel project total length of about 7.2km, the design water 500m3 / s, using two 8.5m diameter circular section of the tunnel.

(C) the amount of major projects and investment in earth excavation 600 million m3; stonework excavation O.6 100 million m3; earth filling 230 million m3; Concrete 15.83 million m3; lining of soil-cement 7.18 million m3; of reinforced steel, 700,000 t; Permanent covers an area of 42.2 mu (including the reservoir submerged 23.5 acres) Temporary covers an area of 11 mu midline major factor in the progress of engineering control is the main channel of Danjiangkou reservoir resettlement and the total wear the Yellow River Engineering Project. Shield machine used to wear the Yellow River project excavation, construction period will take about six years, and the need to consider the project preparation period. Estimates of the price level by the end of 1993, engineering, static total investment of 40 billion yuan.