Jamming a radar is actually difficult effort to carry out. If it is an AESA that each radar elements on active array tech are connected into a seperate T/R modules to generate effective electromagnetic waves to any direction while the frequnecies to be used are getting hopped per second.
In this electronic war, The mission of HavaSOJ like platforms are difficult indeed but Generally, Those type stand off jammers uses a few effective jamming technics: Deception and Noise. The people who is familiar on working principles of radars will get what I am talking.
In deception jamming, HavaSOJ will copy the enemy radar signals to send back multiple radar signals as if the original pulses are being reflected from an aerial object. The enemy radar will have serious trouble distinguishing original target data returns from generated jamming signals. With thie way, Radar will reach a wrong impression about targets’ altitude, range and bearing datas so It will result enemy radar to be tracked generated signals instead of original one. This technic is efective against PESA radars.
Main problem of deception jamming is that It requires knowing characteristics, working bandwidth of enemy radar. That’s why signal intelligence become a critical issue in deception jamming technique. Most modern AESA radars have a long operational bandwidth and one that changes working frequencies frequently per second on each pulse generated by seperate modules make it almost impossible for deception jamming.
This is where noise jamming come to play. HavaSOJ will flood a big set of frequency bandwidth with noise. If the level of noise is significantly higher than the returns of enemy radars, Radar will meet difficulty to distinguish own radar returns from background noise. It is not important How many times radar changes its frequency in this technics. The HavaSOJ will cover a large frequency of bandwith to spread noise on enemy radar. Noise jamming requires much higher power output because jamming power will be spread over entire target bandwith.
That’s why Most modern fighter aircrafts have very limited jamming capabilities against modern AESA radars. Fighters operate them for self protection with using mostly deception technics and very limited noise technic. Their output is not enough to use noise jamming effectively to jam entire band. A most modern AESA hopping frequency hundreds times per second can easily find a safe frequency within seconds If It is attempted to jam by a low powered attack from a fighter aircraft but You can not escape, If a HavaSOJ found your radar signals because HavaSOj will jam almost entire bandwidth a radar can work thanks to impressive output power to be spread over entire frequency spectrum. Noise jamming have also different kinds used on different scenarios. Barrage jamming, spot jamming and sweep jammings are the sub-technics used for noise jamming methods.
