Was this guy a real Kashmiri? Kao (RAW’s 1st chief)

[Umair Nawaz]

Wait what? You live in Kashmir valley? How is that possible when you said you live in azad Kashmir? or have I missed something?

Azad Kashmir is part of Valley. Come on whom im talking to?

 

[INDIC]

Durand line is a recognized international Border its not disputed. What Afghans think is their isolated opinion.

Kashmir Valley is UNSC Declared disputed territory u can cry a river but fact is fact.

Afghans consider Durand Line as disputed.

 

[Umair Nawaz]

Afghans considered Durand Line as disputed.

Afghan dont consider nor they have directly said something like that nor did in any talks they raised such issue.
But still whatever they think is their isolated opinion. I think i already answered this.

 

[INDIC]

Azad Kashmir is part of Valley. Come on whom im talking to?

 

[pk_baloch]

Afghan dont consider nor they have directly said something like that nor did in any talks they raised such issue.
But still whatever they think is their isolated opinion. I think i already answered this.

nor they fight for durand with pakistanis like india do in LOC

 

[INDIC]

Afghan dont consider nor they have directly said something like that nor did in any talks they raised such issue.
But still whatever they think is their isolated opinion. I think i already answered this.

Who told you Afghans don't consider Durand Line as disputed.

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

Okay. One challenge here. It is said that Kao was a fiercely private man. Rarely seen in public. Photographed very few times in his life.

So can somebody post new unseen photo of him?

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

You missed the point.

Wow.. Did not know that.. Ironical that the biggest military defeat of Pakistan (East Pakistan 1971) was engineered by a Kashmiri

Kao sounds like some Chinese name LOL.

On topic: Upon doing further research, it does look like RAW's first chief was of Kashmiri (Pandit specifically) ethnicity/ancestry, but he was born in Benaras.

Looks like a No-nonsense type!!

Did you know that RAW was behind the Occupy Wall Street protests in Western countries? It was a protest carried out by whites to protest against poverty in Western countries. RAW demonstrated that poverty in literal sense exists even among whites of Western countries. OWS protestors said that US is spending money on occupying Afghanistan when it’s citizens are in poverty. But the Western media twisted the facts and misinterpreted it as being protest against uneven distribution of wealth and not about absolute poverty.

Why did RAW do that? It was retaliation against repeated Western (especially Denmark and US) incitement of Kashmiris to shout that dirty slogan, “Bhooka nanga Hindustan. Jaan se pyara Pakistan.”

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

'Personal control' slur on R&AW on Kao’s memoir

TNN Jul 23, 2011, 03.49am IST

NEW DELHI: The country's premium spy agency appears to be caught at the centre of a mystery over the memoirs written by its first chief R N Kao. The Central Information Commission (CIC) on Friday asked the Research & Analysis Wing (R&AW) to disclose if Kao's memoirs are with it.

The order was in response to an RTI application filed by a former R&AW officer Nisha Priya Bhatia who asked the cabinet secretariat whether the agency had taken steps to gain "administrative control" over the memoirs.

Kao's memoirs were left with the agency with instructions that they should be published after a certain number of years. "These memoirs running into several volumes were handed over by one chief of the R&AW to another," she claimed. Bhatia alleged that some senior R&AW officials have now established personal control over these valuable memoirs because of royalty, name and fame that could be earned through their publication.

R&AW said it is an organization exempt from the transparency law and except allegations of corruption and human rights violation, no other information can be furnished.

Bhatia claimed that "personal control" of these memoirs by some officials of R&AW is an act of corruption.

Information commissioner Shailesh Gandhi directed the R&AW to explain whether the allegations of Bhatia that Kao gave memoirs to be published after a certain period and that they are not with the agency but in personal possession of some individuals, are correct or not.

Gandhi said if the allegations are false, then the agency can state it, else it becomes a case of criminal misconduct under section 13(d) of the Prevention of Corruption of Act and entire information should be provided to Bhatia.

'Personal control' slur on R&AW on Kao's memoir - Times Of India

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

Did you know that RAW was behind the Occupy Wall Street protests in Western countries? It was a protest carried out by whites to protest against poverty in Western countries. RAW demonstrated that poverty in literal sense exists even among whites of Western countries. OWS protestors said that US is spending money on occupying Afghanistan when it’s citizens are in poverty. But the Western media twisted the facts and misinterpreted it as being protest against uneven distribution of wealth and not about absolute poverty.

Why did RAW do that? It was retaliation against repeated Western (especially Denmark and US) incitement of Kashmiris to shout that dirty slogan, “Bhooka nanga Hindustan. Jaan se pyara Pakistan.”

Now you know why it fizzled out so quickly.

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

'Personal control' slur on R&AW on Kao’s memoir

TNN Jul 23, 2011, 03.49am IST

NEW DELHI: The country's premium spy agency appears to be caught at the centre of a mystery over the memoirs written by its first chief R N Kao. The Central Information Commission (CIC) on Friday asked the Research & Analysis Wing (R&AW) to disclose if Kao's memoirs are with it.

The order was in response to an RTI application filed by a former R&AW officer Nisha Priya Bhatia who asked the cabinet secretariat whether the agency had taken steps to gain "administrative control" over the memoirs.

Kao's memoirs were left with the agency with instructions that they should be published after a certain number of years. "These memoirs running into several volumes were handed over by one chief of the R&AW to another," she claimed. Bhatia alleged that some senior R&AW officials have now established personal control over these valuable memoirs because of royalty, name and fame that could be earned through their publication.

R&AW said it is an organization exempt from the transparency law and except allegations of corruption and human rights violation, no other information can be furnished.

Bhatia claimed that "personal control" of these memoirs by some officials of R&AW is an act of corruption.

Information commissioner Shailesh Gandhi directed the R&AW to explain whether the allegations of Bhatia that Kao gave memoirs to be published after a certain period and that they are not with the agency but in personal possession of some individuals, are correct or not.

Gandhi said if the allegations are false, then the agency can state it, else it becomes a case of criminal misconduct under section 13(d) of the Prevention of Corruption of Act and entire information should be provided to Bhatia.

'Personal control' slur on R&AW on Kao's memoir - Times Of India

Intelligence agencies communicate through metaphors. So the apparently irrelevant article below actually hints at the strategy of RAW.

So THAT's why women's feet and hands are always cold! Why they are slaves to their hormones

By CHLOE LAMBERT

PUBLISHED: 23:20 GMT, 11 February 2013 | UPDATED: 08:21 GMT, 12 February 2013

My health complaint is starting to affect my love life.

When I go to bed at night, my boyfriend wriggles to the other side and wraps himself in the duvet to create a barrier between us.

The problem? My icy hands and feet.

Cold hands and feet reflect a perfectly natural process by which the body keeps your vital organs safe and warm

‘Get them off me!’ he wails as I try to warm my toes on his toasty calves.

‘Why are your feet so cold?’

It’s something I’ve started to wonder about myself. Since childhood, I’ve always had cold hands and feet, and put it down to bad circulation.

But the recent cold snap has rendered them so numb that when I pull off my gloves and boots, I half worry they’ll be left behind.

It seems worse this year than ever, and no amount of woolly socks, slippers or hot baths will shift the deep chill.

In fact, the only time I can say I’m truly warm is when I wake up in the mornings — but within minutes of pulling off the duvet my feet are numb.

I decided to do some investigating, and the experts have some reassuring news: cold hands and feet reflect a perfectly natural process by which the body keeps your vital organs safe and warm.

The problem is that if you’re a woman, this happens much more easily and dramatically — we do feel the cold more, and it’s all down to hormones.

All of us — men and women — feel cold when our skin gets cold.

Thermo-receptor cells, less than a millimetre below the surface of the skin, are what cause us to experience changes in temperature, says Michael Tipton, professor of human and applied physiology at the University of Portsmouth.

Normally, the skin is kept at a comfortable temperature thanks to blood pumping through the capillaries — tiny, branch-like blood vessels that make up our microcirculation.

A woman's temperature will vary during her menstrual cycle as oestrogen levels rise and fall

But when the thermo-receptors detect cold, they react by causing the capillaries to shut down, diverting blood flow — and warmth — to the heart, lungs and other internal organs. This process is called vasoconstriction.

Incredibly, when we’re cold the amount of blood flowing into the skin in the extremities can become as low as 0.02 litres per minute (the maximum rate is two to three litres per minute).

‘It’s a bit like placing a blood pressure cuff on the arm,’ says Professor Tipton.

‘It’s the hands, face and feet that tend to be coldest and that’s partly because they’re exposed, but it’s also because the body will sacrifice these extremities to keep the internal organs warm.’

That’s why our hands turn white, and even blue, in the cold, and why those who survive extremely cold conditions lose fingers and toes to frostbite.

However, in some people — typically women — this process can go haywire, causing their blood vessels to shut down even from a minimal amount of cold.

‘We know from studies that if you lower people’s temperatures by placing them in cold air, vasoconstriction happens more quickly in women,’ says Professor Tipton.

‘The blood flow to skin is shut down sooner and more intensely than in men, and afterwards it takes women longer to warm up.’

So even though women may feel the cold more than men, it’s their skin temperature — not their core body temperature — that’s colder.

Indeed, a study of 219 people published in The Lancet in 1998 showed that while the body temperature of the women who were studied was on average 0.4 f hotter than the men, their hands were 2.8 f colder.

This is partly down to hormones.

In women, the female hormone oestrogen regulates the peripheral blood vessels; high levels of this hormone make them more sensitive to temperature.

As a result, a woman’s temperature will vary during her menstrual cycle as oestrogen levels rise and fall.

It’s suggested this mechanism allows a pregnant woman to ensure her baby is protected from cold, but the causes are still unclear.

There’s also the fact that women have 10 per cent more body fat than men.

‘Insulation works both ways,’ says Professor Tipton.

‘The more fat you’ve got, the more you’re defending the inner organs, but it also means you’re stopping heat from reaching the skin.

‘And fatter people tend to have lower skin temperatures.’

This phenomenon also explains why women are five times more likely to have Raynaud’s syndrome, a disorder thought to affect 10 per cent of women in Britain to some degree.

It is characterised by extremely cold hands and feet when exposed to the cold — even touching something cold, such as reaching into the freezer.

‘Raynaud’s refers to a wide spectrum of conditions known as vasospastic disorders, which means your microcirculation system is very sensitive,’ says Ian Franklin, a vascular surgeon at Imperial NHS Trust and chairman of the Circulation Foundation.

This means that the natural vasoconstriction response to the cold is exaggerated.

‘It overshoots, so only mild cold causes it to shut down,’ he says.

Apart from layering up, what's the best way to stay warm? Light exercise

Exactly what causes Raynaud’s is unknown, but it can run in families.

The problem can also be triggered by auto-immune conditions such as arthritis and lupus — when it’s known as secondary Raynaud’s.

In a Raynaud’s attack, the capillaries temporarily go into spasm and the blood supply to the extremities is so severely interrupted that the fingers change colour, going white then blue as the supply of oxygenated blood is cut off.

When heat is restored, the hands may swell up and become red and painful as the blood flow returns.

‘Cold sets it off, but it can be triggered by many things, such as smoking — because nicotine shuts down circulation — and emotion or anxiety, because adrenaline diverts the blood to the muscles,’ says Mr Franklin.

Professor Tipton adds that the process of vasoconstriction is also thought to go some way to explaining why rates of heart attack go up during winter months.

This has previously been thought to be due to cold placing extra strain on the heart, but more recent work has suggested it’s to do with changes in blood flow.

‘If you become cold and the bloodflow shifts from the peripheries of the body to the centre, the body reacts by getting rid of some fluid to make room for the increased blood volume.

‘This is why you’ll find that after standing in the cold for a while you’re bursting to go to the loo.

‘However, all these fluid shifts also increase the likelihood of clotting, and we think that may result in the increased cardiac problems we see every winter.’

Cold hands and feet can occasionally be a sign of something more sinister — the blood flow in your body may be interrupted because a vein or artery in the leg has become furred up by fatty deposits, a condition known as peripheral arterial disease.

But here the cold feet tend to be accompanied by other symptoms, such as pain in the arms or legs during exercise (because not enough blood and oxygen is reaching the muscles), says vascular surgeon Jonathan Earnshaw at Gloucestershire Royal Hospital.

‘When people are referred to us with cold hands and feet, it tends to be Raynaud’s or that they have inadequate circulation because of narrowed arteries and veins,’ he says.

‘But this group tend to be older, smokers or diabetic.

‘If you’re young and you just get cold feet, you’re probably at the very mild end of the spectrum of Raynaud’s.’

So, apart from layering up, what’s the best way to stay warm?

The experts are unanimous in their answer: light exercise. This restores blood flow to the muscles and skin.

‘Most people have problems in winter because they stop exercising,’ says Professor Tipton.

‘If you cycle to work or jog while it’s cold, it takes four or five minutes to start to warm up.’

It really does work. I wrap myself up in a hat and gloves, and take my bike out round the local park. Within minutes I start to feel something I haven’t felt in quite some time: my feet.

Unfortunately, though, the effects last for only a short time after you finish exercising, so unless I go for a sprint before bed, my long- suffering boyfriend has no escape from my icy grasp at night.

All I can do is reassure him: ‘Cold hands, warm heart.’

So THAT's why women's feet and hands are always cold!... It's all down to hormones | Mail Online

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

Rameshwar Kao was also known as Ramji amongst his friends and colleagues. A fiercely private man, Kao was rarely seen in public. He knew too much to make a public statement or write a book. Some attribute this to a life devoted to adventure and espionage which made it very difficult for him to mingle publicly. He was a recluse leading a heavily guarded life in his New Delhi bungalow, very rarely giving interviews. From 1989 onwards, Kao dedicated his time largely to the task of restoring the dignity and honour of the Kashmiri Pandits. He interacted with various political leaders and the Indian government to see that the Kashmir problem was not forgotten. He died in 2002 at age 84.

 

[Bharat Muslim]

Pandit Rameshwar Nath Kao

The Czar of India's Counter Intelligence

by Dr. B.N. Sharga

R.N.Kao’s ancestor Pt. Ghasi Ram Kao was originally a resident of Srinagar district of the Kashmir Valley. He came out from the Kashmir valley in the beginning of the 18th century in search of a job and landed in Delhi with his son Pt. Damodar Das Kao and other family members. Pt. Damodar Das Kao had two sons, Gulab Rai and Daya Nidhan besides a daughter Benobibi who was married in a Channa family. Pt. Daya Nidhan Kao came to Oudh from Delhi during the rule of Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula (1775-1798) and became a dewan in his court. He settled down with his family in Kashmiri Mohalla, Lucknow where he built two houses for his living. He had two sons, Badri Nath and Bhola Nath besides a daughter Gaurishuri who was married in a Dar family of the locality. Pt. Bhola Nath Kao constructed a big well for providing drinking water to his community members residing in the area. This well was subsequently named after him as ‘Bhola Nath Ka Kuan’. This historical well still exists on Ab. Aziz Road and now the whole locality is known by that name. Munshi Ram Sahai ‘Tamanna’ has written in his book that once Nawab Asaf-ud-Daula paid a visit to his house in Kashmiri Mohalla while going to Dargah Hazrat Abbas to pay his obeisance there, which is considered to be the most sacred shrine of Shia Muslims. Pt. Badri Nath Kao had four sons viz. Ratan Nath, Kedar Nath, Kameshwar Nath and Bishambhar Nath besides three daughters Dhanwanti Shuri, Anandi Shuri and Sharika Shuri. His eldest daughter Dhanwanti Shuri was married with Pt. Ayodhya Nath Kaul Bakshi and his younger daughter Sharika Shuri was married with Pt. Brij Nath Hukku of the locality. Pt. Kedar Nath Kao after completing his education, became a deputy collector during the British period and lived in Ram Nagar, Benaras (Varanasi) for quite some time. He had two sons Triloki Nath and Dwarika Nath.

Pt. Triloki Nath Kao, after completing his education became a chemist and shifted from Lucknow to Baroda whereas his younger brother Pt. Dwarika Nath Kao became a deputy collector. Pt. Triloki Nath Kao was married to Daya Shuri Zutshi who was the daughter of Pt. Shambhu Nath Zutshi of Lucknow. He had three sons viz. Parmeshwar Nath, Arjun Nath and Gyan Nath besides three daughters, Rameshwari, who was married to Pt. Rameshwar Nath Gurtu, Lakshmishwari, who was married to Pt. Vishwanath Sapru and Shantishwari, who was a professor in the Banaras Hindu University and remained unmarried till her death in 1998. Pt. Dwarika Nath Kao was married to Khemwati Kaul who was the daughter of Pt. Srikishan Kaul of Lahore. He had two sons Rameshwar Nath and Shyam Sunder Nath. Pt. Rameshwar Nath Kao was born on 2nd October 1917 in Benaras where his grand father Pt. Kedar Nath Kao was posted as deputy collector at that time. His father Pt. Dwarika Nath Kao died quite young at Lucknow in 1923. His younger brother Pt. Shyam Sunder Nath Kao was born after the death of his father and so was a posthumous child. R.N.Kao was brought up by his uncle Pt. Triloki Nath Kao, so he had his early schooling in Baroda which was under the Bombay Presidency in the British period. He did his matriculation in 1932 and intermediate in 1934 from Baroda. He then came to Lucknow for higher studies. He did his B.A. in 1936 from Lucknow University and M.A. in English literature in 1938 from the University of Allahabad and was an inmate of the Muir Hostel. R.N.Kao also did job in a cigarette company for some time which was floated by Pt. Jag Mohan Narain Mushran who was the Chief Judge of the Benaras State at that time, for his son who died subsequently. In 1938, R.N.Kao joined the law classes in the Allahabad University and did his LL.B (Prev.) in 1939. He simultaneously appeared for the Indian Police Examination. He was selected as an I.P. in 1940 and so could not complete his law course at the University. R.N.Kao after his selection in the I.P. was sent to Moradabad for an extensive course in Police Training College there. Since he had a fetish for cleanliness so temperamentally his relationship with his superior British officers at the Training College and other British trainees was not very cordial, since they used to dress up very shabbily. After completing his training he got his first posting in Kanpur in 1940 as an A.S.P. in the civil police. R.N.Kao soon realised that while doing service in the civil police department and performing routine duties, he will not be able to show much of his talent and calibre, so he switched to Intelligence Bureau (I.B.) which was constituted by the British to gather vital informations in the country. He was the first Hindu officer to join this highly sensitive department which was packed with British and Muslim officers at that time. R.N.Kao got married at Allahabad on 21st January 1942 to Malini, the daughter of Justice Tej Narain Mulla of Allahabad. When India became free in 1947 and Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru became its first Prime Minister, the Intelligence Bureau (I.B.) was reorganised to suit the needs of an independent country. Its founder director Bhola Nath Mullick saw to it that this vital intelligence gathering agency in the country would not become another Gestapo (Secret Service) of Adolf Hitler of Germ a n y . B.N.Mullick groomed this agency on different lines and R.N.Kao was entrusted with the task of looking after the security ring of the Prime Minister Pt. Nehru. R.N.Kao performed this challenging job very well and made his own mark in this specific field. In 1950s Pt. Nehru sent R.N.Kao to Ghana to help Prime Minister Nkrumah and to set up an intelligence and security organisation in that country, a job he carried out with great professional skill. When the air crash of the famous jetliner ‘Kashmir Princess’ took place just before the historic Bandung Conference, R.N.Kao was deputed by India along with Chinese and British secret agents to find out the real cause of this air mishap. After the massive Chinese invasion of 1962, the Indian government felt the need of having an altogether separate wing apart from IB for gathering foreign intelligence. Consequently, a super secret technical intelligence agency known as Aviation Research Centre (ARC) was constituted in 1963 and R.N.Kao was made its director. His professional ability and skill in the areas of organising and management of intelligence was superb because he deeply studied the working of the secret intelligence service of UK known as ‘Scotland Yard’, CIA of America and BND of the then West Germany. When Mrs. Indira Gandhi became the Prime Minister of the country after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri in 1966, she felt the need to have a dynamic and scientific intelligence network in the country to monitor foreign intelligence. She entrusted this task to R.N.Kao as she had seen his style of working earlier from close quarters during his stint with Pt. Nehru at the Teen Murti House. R.N.Kao did this job in a remarkable time and constituted a new wing for exclusively gathering foreign intelligence known as Research & Analysis Wing (RAW) on 21st September 1968. Mrs. Indira Gandhi appointed him as its founder director and simultaneously he was made a Secretary (Research) in the Cabinet Secretariat. His main job was to assist Mrs. Gandhi on security matters of the country. R.N.Kao played a key role in the liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 by providing vital intelligence inputs to our armed forces during the Indo-Pak war in which about 90,000 Pakistani soldiers armed to the teeth under the command of Gen. N.A.K.Niazi surrendered before the Indian troops in Dhaka, under the command of Lt. Gen. Jagjeet Singh Arora without firing a single bullet. Nowhere in the world such a thing had ever happened before in military warfare, the credit for which squarely goes to R.N.Kao and his meticulous planning. R.N.Kao retired from active government service in 1977 after attaining the age of superannuation. After his retirement from service, he became a senior advisor to Mrs. Indira Gandhi in 1980 when she became the Prime Minister of the Country for the second time. After the Operation Blue Star, Mrs. Gandhi felt the need to have an elite force trained exclusively to deal firmly with the growing menace of terrorism in the country. She again entrusted this task to R.N.Kao to raise these special units to carry out surgical missions and other specific operations. R.N.Kao subsequently raised the battalions of National Security Guards capable of handling most sophisticated weapons and performing difficult tasks under most abnormal conditions. He worked with Mrs. Indira Gandhi till her assassination in 1984. From 1980, he supervised both IB and RAW and thus became a czar of Indian intelligence. He floated the idea for the first time in a democratic India for a special security ring around the Prime Minister. When Rajiv Gandhi became the Prime Minister of the country in 1984, he again appointed R.N.Kao as his security advisor. The split in the Congress Party and formation of Jan Morcha by V.P.Singh forced Rajiv Gandhi to bow out from office in 1988 and with him, R.N.Kao also sought retirement and started leading a calm and quiet life at his residence ‘Sakeeta’ E-10/2, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi. On 16th January 2002, R.N.Kao paid a visit to the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi to see his younger brother Shyam Sunder Nath Kao, who was admitted there for some treatment. All of a sudden, he felt pain in his chest. He was at once admitted in the Intensive Care Unit for observation, where he breathed his last in the early morning of 20th January 2002 at the age of 84 years. He was cremated at the Nigambodh Ghat where his grandson lit his funeral pyre. Many dignitaries of the country like the leader of the opposition in Parliament Mrs. Sonia Gandhi and the Governor of Jammu & Kashmir state Mr. Girish Saxena attended his funeral. The President of the country K.R.Narayanan in his condolence message said, “Kao occupied a crucial position in our government set up and significantly contributed to enhance the efficiency and professionalism of law enforcement agencies by introducing innovative mechanisms of intelligence collection.”

R.N.Kao was most meticulously dressed person with soft voice and pleasing manners. It is because of this temperament that he was liked by his colleagues even belonging to other services. He never threw his rank or his powerful connections at them. He helped those in distress and sometime people took undue advantage of his attitude. Suave and polite, he was never known to raise his voice. In the intelligence circle, some top officials trained by him are known as ‘Kaoboys’. They are nor mavericks but are identified by their quiet, behind the door operations for which their mentor R.N.Kao was famous. R.N.Kao always avoided publicity and was shy of facing a camera. During his long service period, he was photographed only once. In his death, the country has lost the biggest name in the intelligence community. It is said that after his role in the creation of Bangladesh, the Americans became so much impressed by the Indian intelligence support to Mukti Bahini that they started teaching the whole operation to their secret agents in West Point. He was a perfect gentleman to the core of his heart. The exalted position of RAW in our country and outside and its rich contribution to our national security owe a lot to R.N.Kao. Those who had a chance to work under him still remember his kindness and generosity. It is hoped that the central government would duly honour this giant of Indian counter intelligence by conferring upon him the civil title ‘Bharat Ratna’ posthumously as his name fully deserves this recognition for his extraordinary service to the nation in its hour of peril. One can achieve anything in life if he has a firm determination and an iron will to do the same, so says ‘Nirankar Sevak’, a noted Hindi poet very candidly in the following lines:

Aakash ka yeh jaal utho
chal ke tod dein
Tufan aur andhiyon ki
dishaon ko mo dein
Dharti ke dukh ko dekh jo
nahin pigal sake
Un badalon ko muthi mein
kas kar nichor dein

*(Dr. B.N. Sharga has authored six-volume ‘Kashmiri Panditon Ke Anmol Ratan’, a history of Kashmiri Pandits in Diaspora.)

Pt. RN Kao

 

[Shan-e-ibrahim]

his nose tells he is kashmiri .

 

[Shamain]

No , kashmiris arent such ******