With Democracy, a Stronger Diplomacy for Indonesia
By
Vita A.D. Busyra on 08:40 am Jun 13, 2014
Indonesia has made huge strides in international diplomacy and relevance since the time of the former strongman Suharto. (JG Photo/Safir Makki)
Jakarta. Indonesia’s confidence and competence in playing a leading role on the international stage will continue to grow in line with its assertive stance about its political stability and human rights protections relative to its neighbors in the Southeast Asian region, foreign policy experts said on Thursday.
The country was an active player in international diplomacy during the New Order era of the late Suharto, but lacked legitimacy because of its poor record on human rights, former foreign minister Hassan Wirajuda said at a discussion in Jakarta.
Sixteen years after the strongman’s downfall, and with democratic reforms still being implemented, the country has won much-needed diplomatic currency thanks to its improved rights record and fast-growing economy.
“I can’t say that the reforms we enjoy today are [the result of] a revolution, but they were more of a corrective effort by the country for the injustices that we committed in the past to advance democracy,” Hassan said. “Before, there was no democracy. So now we’re strengthening our rule of law, our law enforcement, including eradicating the practices of corruption, collusion and nepotism, honoring our human rights [obligations], introducing regional autonomy, and finding ways to overcome various crises.”
In line with that progress, he said, Indonesia’s foreign policy has also improved during the reform era, particularly under President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.
Hassan, who served as foreign minister from 2001 to 2009, including in Yudhoyono’s first administration from 2004 to 2009, said the president had shown that Indonesia could be a peace and unity to other countries by offering solutions to those countries in conflict such as in the Middle East and, closer to home, Myanmar, where ethnic Rohingya Muslims continue to be persecuted.
Jakarta’s top diplomats have in recent years become increasingly engaged in regional and wider international issues, while Indonesia’s participation at international forums have been marked by a more assertive stance.
Indonesia’s rise contrasts with its neighbors in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, many of which cannot claim to enjoy a true democracy.
Thailand last month experienced its 12th military coup in 80 years. Some civil liberties have suffered under the ruling parties in Singapore and Malaysia.
The Philippines enjoys a thriving democracy, but remains one of the deadliest places in the world for journalists, compared to Indonesia’s nearly unfettered press freedom.
Myanmar has begun introducing democratic reforms, but the military remains in charge of the government; in Cambodia, the government of Hun Sen has been widely accused of abuses of civil and human rights; and Vietnam is still nominally communist, while Laos is socialist.
However, Hassan warned that Indonesia still had several domestic issues that it needed to properly address if it wanted to increase its international clout, primarily its handling of low-level separatist insurgencies in Papua and Maluku, two of the least-developed regions in the country.
“There are human rights violations,” he admitted. “The people of Papua and Maluku continue to demand independence and sovereignty. But even though they’re free to voice their wishes, their demand to set up independent states cannot be accepted.”
Resolving both conflicts peacefully would boost Indonesia’s international standing significantly, experts say, citing the prominence afforded to the Yudhoyono administration after it managed to end a nearly three-decade armed insurgency in Aceh province in 2005.
Arif Susanto, an international relations lecturer at the London School of Public Relations, which hosted Thursday’s discussion, said he hoped the younger generation of Indonesians would play an increasing role in promoting political and foreign affairs issues and human rights concerns, including through social media.
With the advent and spread of this platform, he said, once-abstract issues like foreign affairs were now open to wide public discourse.
More and more, he said, it is the public, not the government, that has the say in determining policies.
With Democracy, a Stronger Diplomacy for Indonesia | The Jakarta Globe