The latest most advanced Weapon systems in the world
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The Qaher-313
Iran’s new domestically-designed and developed fighter jet, Qaher-313 (Conqueror-313), is ‘super advanced’ and capable of ‘evading radars.’
The aircraft has a “very low radar cross section” and is capable of conducting operations at low altitudes.
Highly-advanced materials and electro-ionic systems had been used in the structure of Qaher-313, and the aircraft is capable of carrying advanced armaments.
Qaher-313 can take off and land on short runways and it has easy maintenance.
The new single-seat bomber has been manufactured based on state-of-the-art technologies and modern defense technologies.
It features a downward Wing-tip device which Flightglobal.com noted vaguely resembles the Boeing Bird of Prey prototype, but with a more faceted design similar to the 1970s-era Lockheed Have Blue that was developed into the now retired F-117 Nighthawk. Flight Global also said, "given the apparent small size of the aircraft and its single engine design, the Qaher 313 could be powered by reverse engineered variants of the General Electric J85 turbojet that Iran is known to have in its possession." Iran has General Electric J85s as well as a dozen other jet engines as a result of old Northrop F-5s and other American aircraft in its inventory from pre-1979 as well as newer engines from Russia and China. Iran also builds various turbo fan engines like the Toloue-4 and Toloue-5 for its UAVs. Iranians have designed the aircraft using CATIA three-dimensional interactive design software and tested it using simulation software including Gambit numerical grid generation software, fluent flow analysis and simulation software, CFD models and they have additionally tested the aerodynamics using small sized jet and propeller flying models.
The aircraft is designed with extra stability and so does not need a fly-by-wire (FBW) system.
A prototype version of the Qaher-313 was portrayed to have test-flown at some point before the presentation. According to the head of the design team, two sub-sized models have been created and tested. One of the models uses a propeller engine while the other uses a small micro jet engine. The models were shown in a video clip (along with descriptions by the head of the design team) the same day.
The engine used by the design had been successfully tested. He also confirmed that the aircraft had not yet been flown, but that taxi and flight tests will occur in the near future.
[url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/02/02/286875/irans-fighter-jet-can-evade-radars/]PressTV - Iran?s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister[/URL]
Qaher-313 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Iran’s new domestically-designed and developed fighter jet, Qaher-313 (Conqueror-313), is ‘super advanced’ and capable of ‘evading radars.’
The aircraft has a “very low radar cross section” and is capable of conducting operations at low altitudes.
Highly-advanced materials and electro-ionic systems had been used in the structure of Qaher-313, and the aircraft is capable of carrying advanced armaments.
Qaher-313 can take off and land on short runways and it has easy maintenance.
The new single-seat bomber has been manufactured based on state-of-the-art technologies and modern defense technologies.
It features a downward Wing-tip device which Flightglobal.com noted vaguely resembles the Boeing Bird of Prey prototype, but with a more faceted design similar to the 1970s-era Lockheed Have Blue that was developed into the now retired F-117 Nighthawk. Flight Global also said, "given the apparent small size of the aircraft and its single engine design, the Qaher 313 could be powered by reverse engineered variants of the General Electric J85 turbojet that Iran is known to have in its possession." Iran has General Electric J85s as well as a dozen other jet engines as a result of old Northrop F-5s and other American aircraft in its inventory from pre-1979 as well as newer engines from Russia and China. Iran also builds various turbo fan engines like the Toloue-4 and Toloue-5 for its UAVs. Iranians have designed the aircraft using CATIA three-dimensional interactive design software and tested it using simulation software including Gambit numerical grid generation software, fluent flow analysis and simulation software, CFD models and they have additionally tested the aerodynamics using small sized jet and propeller flying models.
The aircraft is designed with extra stability and so does not need a fly-by-wire (FBW) system.
A prototype version of the Qaher-313 was portrayed to have test-flown at some point before the presentation. According to the head of the design team, two sub-sized models have been created and tested. One of the models uses a propeller engine while the other uses a small micro jet engine. The models were shown in a video clip (along with descriptions by the head of the design team) the same day.
The engine used by the design had been successfully tested. He also confirmed that the aircraft had not yet been flown, but that taxi and flight tests will occur in the near future.
[url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/02/02/286875/irans-fighter-jet-can-evade-radars/]PressTV - Iran?s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister[/URL]
Qaher-313 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The SC
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Chip Scale Atomic Clock
The growing demand for more precise navigation and positioning systems and also for secure telecommunication urges the development of precise but low power consuming clocks. Chip scale atomic clocks (CSAC) promise to be the key technology to master the increasing requirements in precision and size.
http://www.armymantech.com/pdfs/CSAClock.pdf
The continuously increasing requirements for microsecond accuracy of time synchronization of multifunctional IEDs, IEC 61850 merging units (MU) and phasor measurement units (PMU) and their application for protection and control resulted in the use of different solutions based on GPS technology. However, the dependency on GPS is a concern, due to the possibilities of denial-of-service attacks, or loss of GPS due to solar storms. That is why our industry is looking for alternative solutions that can ensure the correct and precise synchronization of the devices in each substation when the GPS signal is not available for whatever reason.
After eight years of successful participation in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) chip scale atomic clock (CSAC) initiative, Symmetricom announced in January 2011 the general availability of what it says is the world’s smallest, lowest power atomic oscillator. The world’s first chip scale atomic clock, the SA.45s CSAC measures less than 16cm3 in volume, is only 1.25 sm high, weighs just 35 grams and consumes a mere 120mW of power. Such breakthrough performance opens up an entirely new class of portable applications.
The SA.45s CSAC accuracy and stability is the result of the use of cesium-based atomic clock technology in a form factor that will support a range of portable applications requiring precise synchronization and time keeping in GPS-denied environments, making it possible to integrate even in an individual IED or PMU.
The SA.45s reportedly provides 10 megahertz and 1 pulse per second (PPS) outputs at standard CMOS levels, with short-term stability (Allan Deviation) of 2E-10 @ 1 sec, long-term aging of 3E-10/month, and frequency change over temperature of 5E-10 over an operating range of -10° C to +70° C.
One of the key technology breakthroughs in Symmetricom’s SA.45s CSAC is the housing of the cesium atoms in a resonance cell based on a microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) design. The cesium atoms are “excited,” or heated to a vapor state by a beam generated from a vertical-cavity surface emitting a laser (VCSEL) that passes between upper and lower polymide heater/suspension strips. The VCSEL was designed by Sandia Labs, one of Symmetricom’s partners on the CSAC team. The entire physics package is less than one cubic centimeter in volume and uses only 10 milliwatts of power.
The clock's circuitry (designed by Symmetricom Inc.) measures time by counting the frequency of the microwaves – exactly 4,596,315,885 of them constitute one second.
A technician measuring the wavelength of the CSAC's vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser...
One thing the CSAC doesn't do, however, is keep track of the time of day. Instead, it's intended mainly for use with other atomic clocks, allowing two or more geographically-separated groups of people to stay exactly coordinated over time.
While there are various small, inexpensive devices already being sold as "atomic clocks," these simply display a signal received from a remote atomic clock
These groups could include miners in underground tunnels, divers in the deep ocean, or other people who are physically blocked from receiving time signals by GPS. Security personnel disarming improvised explosive devices could also use the technology, as the electromagnetic interference that they utilize to keep telephone signals from detonating the explosives also disables GPS devices. Additionally, CSACs could find use in cross-country phone and data lines, allowing the various data packets to stay coordinated in the event of a GPS outage.
PAC World magazine :*Atomic Clock
Good Timing For Nanoscale Atomic Clocks
The radio spectrum is a dwindling natural resource. By some estimates in less than a decade there will be no more frequencies left for the next-generation of palmtop computers and handheld communicators. But according to mechanical engineering professor Albert P. Pisano, director of Berkeley's Electronic Research Laboratory, outfitting every wireless device — from a next-generation palmtop computer to a basic FM radio — with a nano-mechanical clock that's accurate down to ten quandrillionths of a second per day could reopen the radio spectrum for tomorrow's new business.
"Nanotechnology is going to revolutionize how you divide the frequency spectrum and what you use it for," says Pisano, who several months ago with Berkeley professors Liwei Lin and Luke P. Lee, Cornell University professor Amit Lal, and industrial partner Frequency Electronics, Inc. launched the Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock project.
"Now, FM stations are .2 megahertz apart," Pisano adds. "But what if they could be .02 megahertz apart?"
Prof. Pisano
Professor Al Pisano is also a director of the Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center. (Click for larger image.)
Peg Skorpinski photo
Of course, atomic clocks — which calculate the passage of time (not the time of day) based on the resonant frequency of specific kinds of atoms — are nothing new. In most homes, atomic clocks have eliminated the frustration of VCRs that annoyingly blink "12:00" by setting themselves via an onboard radio receiver that "sets" itself based on a radio signal from a centrally-located atomic clock maintained by NIST (US National Institute for Standards and Technology) in Fort Collins, Colorado. Traditional atomic clocks like the ones that tell your VCR the time and are used in myriad scientific applications are table-top rigs of power-hungry lasers, mirrors, and high-frequency electronic circuitry that cost upwards of $1,000. Less accurate atomic clocks that regulate data flow for the Internet are shoe-box sized devices that consume 150 watts of power and cost $2000. Pisano and his team hope to shrink the package down to one-centimeter cubed, reduce the power consumed down to 50 milliwatts, and cut the cost to possibly $100.
With atomic clocks the size of sugar cubes, Pisano says, next-generation wireless devices can share radio frequencies based on time.
"Currently, signals are divided into different wavelengths," he says. "But there's a limit to how close you can pack those wavelengths together. To this "wavelength division" multiplexing you can now add economical time-division multiplexing. You can pack far more data into a spectrum if you not only spread it across frequencies but also across time."
Microfabrication Lab
Components of the Nano Mechanical Atomic Clock will constructed at UC Berkeley's state-of-the-art Microfabrication Laboratory. (Click for larger image.)
Bart Nagel photo
The approach, Pisano explains, is not so different than two people communicating on walkie-talkies. Each user takes a turn talking, or transmitting over the specified frequency. But with onboard atomic clocks, devices could take turns that might last only 250 nanoseconds to so. That's where the Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock comes in. To prevent transmissions from stepping on each other's toes, the devices need to track the passage of time with far more accuracy than provided by classic crystal oscillator-based clocks like those on your wall or wrist. Chip-scale atomic clocks are of great interest to the military as well, potentially enabling "jam resistance and strong-encryption in data communication...and missile and munitions guidance," according to a project overview from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency that sponsors Pisano and his team's research.
Pisano's approach exploits much the same physics as full-size atomic clocks but, he says, "we've taken everything that makes an atomic clock large and require a lot of power and thrown it out."
Your Turn
Has the time come for nanoscale atomic clocks?
We want to hear from you...
So far, the group has developed a preliminary design and begun work on several of the individual components necessary for a fully-fledged, centimeter-cubed atomic clock. A "modestly-functioning" prototype is still three years away, Pisano says.
The Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock will work by using photons to pump the atoms in rubidium vapor to a higher energy state. Once the atoms are pumped to a higher physical layer inside the device, they're disturbed by radio frequency microwaves generated by an oscillator so that they drop down again to a lower layer. A tiny laser determines the opacity of that layer caused by the quantity of atoms there and adjusts the frequency of the oscillator to depopulate the higher layer as efficiently as possible.
"Basically, I have a bottle full of molecules that soak up light if I shake the molecules at the right frequency," Pisano says. "Once I know that the frequency is correct, I can compute how long it takes for exactly one second to pass."
There are several technical and scientific challenges that the research team will face, but one of the researchers' biggest hurdles will be reducing the power consumption of the device so it's not dwarfed by its batteries. The most practical way to ease power consumption, Pisano explains, is by using the atomic clock as a periodic reference for a standard crystal oscillator. Once a day or so, the atomic clock could be "woken up" to recalibrate the crystal oscillator.
"We're essentially making a fat atomic wristwatch," Pisano says.
Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering
Chip-scale atomic clock survives 500g shock on any axis
Symmetricom’s new SA.45s chip-scale atomic oscillator outputs a 10-MHz, 3.3V square wave and a 400-nsec, 1-pulse/sec signal. You can use an RS-232 interface to the device’s internal DSP to provide status and modify the pulse output. The SA.45s has a center-frequency accuracy of ±5×10−11 and can survive 500g shock on any axis. It occupies 16 cc of volume, weighs 35g, and requires 115 mW of power. Allan-deviation stability is 2×10−10 over a tau of 1 sec. The device features SSB (single-sideband) RF-output phase noise at 1 Hz of less than −53 dBc (decibels referred to carrier)/Hz. With a 110-second warm-up, the oscillator has MTBF (mean time between failures) of greater than 100,000 hours.
This oscillator finds use in applications such as dismounted IED (improvised-explosive-device) jammers, UAV s (unmanned aerial vehicles), next-generation man-pack radios, military handheld GPS (global-positioning-system) units, and geophysical sensors. It comes in a 1.6×1.39×0.45-in., hermetically sealed package. Option 001 operates from −10 to +70°C, and Option 002 operates from −40 to +85°C.
Chip-scale atomic clock survives 500g shock on any axis | EDN
The growing demand for more precise navigation and positioning systems and also for secure telecommunication urges the development of precise but low power consuming clocks. Chip scale atomic clocks (CSAC) promise to be the key technology to master the increasing requirements in precision and size.
http://www.armymantech.com/pdfs/CSAClock.pdf
The continuously increasing requirements for microsecond accuracy of time synchronization of multifunctional IEDs, IEC 61850 merging units (MU) and phasor measurement units (PMU) and their application for protection and control resulted in the use of different solutions based on GPS technology. However, the dependency on GPS is a concern, due to the possibilities of denial-of-service attacks, or loss of GPS due to solar storms. That is why our industry is looking for alternative solutions that can ensure the correct and precise synchronization of the devices in each substation when the GPS signal is not available for whatever reason.
After eight years of successful participation in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) chip scale atomic clock (CSAC) initiative, Symmetricom announced in January 2011 the general availability of what it says is the world’s smallest, lowest power atomic oscillator. The world’s first chip scale atomic clock, the SA.45s CSAC measures less than 16cm3 in volume, is only 1.25 sm high, weighs just 35 grams and consumes a mere 120mW of power. Such breakthrough performance opens up an entirely new class of portable applications.
The SA.45s CSAC accuracy and stability is the result of the use of cesium-based atomic clock technology in a form factor that will support a range of portable applications requiring precise synchronization and time keeping in GPS-denied environments, making it possible to integrate even in an individual IED or PMU.
The SA.45s reportedly provides 10 megahertz and 1 pulse per second (PPS) outputs at standard CMOS levels, with short-term stability (Allan Deviation) of 2E-10 @ 1 sec, long-term aging of 3E-10/month, and frequency change over temperature of 5E-10 over an operating range of -10° C to +70° C.
One of the key technology breakthroughs in Symmetricom’s SA.45s CSAC is the housing of the cesium atoms in a resonance cell based on a microelectro-mechanical system (MEMS) design. The cesium atoms are “excited,” or heated to a vapor state by a beam generated from a vertical-cavity surface emitting a laser (VCSEL) that passes between upper and lower polymide heater/suspension strips. The VCSEL was designed by Sandia Labs, one of Symmetricom’s partners on the CSAC team. The entire physics package is less than one cubic centimeter in volume and uses only 10 milliwatts of power.
The clock's circuitry (designed by Symmetricom Inc.) measures time by counting the frequency of the microwaves – exactly 4,596,315,885 of them constitute one second.
A technician measuring the wavelength of the CSAC's vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser...
One thing the CSAC doesn't do, however, is keep track of the time of day. Instead, it's intended mainly for use with other atomic clocks, allowing two or more geographically-separated groups of people to stay exactly coordinated over time.
While there are various small, inexpensive devices already being sold as "atomic clocks," these simply display a signal received from a remote atomic clock
These groups could include miners in underground tunnels, divers in the deep ocean, or other people who are physically blocked from receiving time signals by GPS. Security personnel disarming improvised explosive devices could also use the technology, as the electromagnetic interference that they utilize to keep telephone signals from detonating the explosives also disables GPS devices. Additionally, CSACs could find use in cross-country phone and data lines, allowing the various data packets to stay coordinated in the event of a GPS outage.
PAC World magazine :*Atomic Clock
Good Timing For Nanoscale Atomic Clocks
The radio spectrum is a dwindling natural resource. By some estimates in less than a decade there will be no more frequencies left for the next-generation of palmtop computers and handheld communicators. But according to mechanical engineering professor Albert P. Pisano, director of Berkeley's Electronic Research Laboratory, outfitting every wireless device — from a next-generation palmtop computer to a basic FM radio — with a nano-mechanical clock that's accurate down to ten quandrillionths of a second per day could reopen the radio spectrum for tomorrow's new business.
"Nanotechnology is going to revolutionize how you divide the frequency spectrum and what you use it for," says Pisano, who several months ago with Berkeley professors Liwei Lin and Luke P. Lee, Cornell University professor Amit Lal, and industrial partner Frequency Electronics, Inc. launched the Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock project.
"Now, FM stations are .2 megahertz apart," Pisano adds. "But what if they could be .02 megahertz apart?"
Prof. Pisano
Professor Al Pisano is also a director of the Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center. (Click for larger image.)
Peg Skorpinski photo
Of course, atomic clocks — which calculate the passage of time (not the time of day) based on the resonant frequency of specific kinds of atoms — are nothing new. In most homes, atomic clocks have eliminated the frustration of VCRs that annoyingly blink "12:00" by setting themselves via an onboard radio receiver that "sets" itself based on a radio signal from a centrally-located atomic clock maintained by NIST (US National Institute for Standards and Technology) in Fort Collins, Colorado. Traditional atomic clocks like the ones that tell your VCR the time and are used in myriad scientific applications are table-top rigs of power-hungry lasers, mirrors, and high-frequency electronic circuitry that cost upwards of $1,000. Less accurate atomic clocks that regulate data flow for the Internet are shoe-box sized devices that consume 150 watts of power and cost $2000. Pisano and his team hope to shrink the package down to one-centimeter cubed, reduce the power consumed down to 50 milliwatts, and cut the cost to possibly $100.
With atomic clocks the size of sugar cubes, Pisano says, next-generation wireless devices can share radio frequencies based on time.
"Currently, signals are divided into different wavelengths," he says. "But there's a limit to how close you can pack those wavelengths together. To this "wavelength division" multiplexing you can now add economical time-division multiplexing. You can pack far more data into a spectrum if you not only spread it across frequencies but also across time."
Microfabrication Lab
Components of the Nano Mechanical Atomic Clock will constructed at UC Berkeley's state-of-the-art Microfabrication Laboratory. (Click for larger image.)
Bart Nagel photo
The approach, Pisano explains, is not so different than two people communicating on walkie-talkies. Each user takes a turn talking, or transmitting over the specified frequency. But with onboard atomic clocks, devices could take turns that might last only 250 nanoseconds to so. That's where the Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock comes in. To prevent transmissions from stepping on each other's toes, the devices need to track the passage of time with far more accuracy than provided by classic crystal oscillator-based clocks like those on your wall or wrist. Chip-scale atomic clocks are of great interest to the military as well, potentially enabling "jam resistance and strong-encryption in data communication...and missile and munitions guidance," according to a project overview from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency that sponsors Pisano and his team's research.
Pisano's approach exploits much the same physics as full-size atomic clocks but, he says, "we've taken everything that makes an atomic clock large and require a lot of power and thrown it out."
Your Turn
Has the time come for nanoscale atomic clocks?
We want to hear from you...
So far, the group has developed a preliminary design and begun work on several of the individual components necessary for a fully-fledged, centimeter-cubed atomic clock. A "modestly-functioning" prototype is still three years away, Pisano says.
The Integrated Nano Mechanical Regulated Atomic Clock will work by using photons to pump the atoms in rubidium vapor to a higher energy state. Once the atoms are pumped to a higher physical layer inside the device, they're disturbed by radio frequency microwaves generated by an oscillator so that they drop down again to a lower layer. A tiny laser determines the opacity of that layer caused by the quantity of atoms there and adjusts the frequency of the oscillator to depopulate the higher layer as efficiently as possible.
"Basically, I have a bottle full of molecules that soak up light if I shake the molecules at the right frequency," Pisano says. "Once I know that the frequency is correct, I can compute how long it takes for exactly one second to pass."
There are several technical and scientific challenges that the research team will face, but one of the researchers' biggest hurdles will be reducing the power consumption of the device so it's not dwarfed by its batteries. The most practical way to ease power consumption, Pisano explains, is by using the atomic clock as a periodic reference for a standard crystal oscillator. Once a day or so, the atomic clock could be "woken up" to recalibrate the crystal oscillator.
"We're essentially making a fat atomic wristwatch," Pisano says.
Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering
Chip-scale atomic clock survives 500g shock on any axis
Symmetricom’s new SA.45s chip-scale atomic oscillator outputs a 10-MHz, 3.3V square wave and a 400-nsec, 1-pulse/sec signal. You can use an RS-232 interface to the device’s internal DSP to provide status and modify the pulse output. The SA.45s has a center-frequency accuracy of ±5×10−11 and can survive 500g shock on any axis. It occupies 16 cc of volume, weighs 35g, and requires 115 mW of power. Allan-deviation stability is 2×10−10 over a tau of 1 sec. The device features SSB (single-sideband) RF-output phase noise at 1 Hz of less than −53 dBc (decibels referred to carrier)/Hz. With a 110-second warm-up, the oscillator has MTBF (mean time between failures) of greater than 100,000 hours.
This oscillator finds use in applications such as dismounted IED (improvised-explosive-device) jammers, UAV s (unmanned aerial vehicles), next-generation man-pack radios, military handheld GPS (global-positioning-system) units, and geophysical sensors. It comes in a 1.6×1.39×0.45-in., hermetically sealed package. Option 001 operates from −10 to +70°C, and Option 002 operates from −40 to +85°C.
Chip-scale atomic clock survives 500g shock on any axis | EDN
Umair Nawaz
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Found this project...........Seems interesting
another teja on the horizon.
The SC
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[video]http://files.abovetopsecret.com/images/hpmbomb.gif[/video]
[video]http://www.survivalfoodgear.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/survival-EMP-bomb-diagram.jpg[/video]
TK Anti EMPS Systems
TechnoKontrol Anti EMPS Systems - Anti Electromagnetic Pulse
Technologies
Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse (NEMP) / Non Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse
(NNEMP) / Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) / Protection and Safety Panels-
Wall-Textile Technologies for Military and Strategic Infrastructures
Technokontrol has designed via its R&D programme our unique Anti-EMPS
technologies which can work in many different sectors for the protection and safety of
the military, national security, strategic infrastructures and law enforcement sectors
including strategic databases, cyber warfare and information technology bases
including satellites, telecommunications, radars,financial services, government
databanks and military installations.
Our exclusive, simple to install, transport, and anti-electromagnetic(Anti-EMPS)
technology panels/protecting technology products will allow all types of military,
strategic, national security departments, private corporations and even civilians to be
protected in the event of any type of EMPS attack, from a ground attack by enemy
Special Forces, common criminals trying to rob a financial institutions databanks,
terrorists to close down a power station or open a dams gates to flood an area or even
to bring down aircraft.
Technokontrol Anti-EMPS technology products are effective against EMPS pulses
emitted from EMPS bombs/devices which can be delivered in different sizes and
means thus not needing to have an extreme technological advanced or unique
delivery/launch systems or technologies as a “stealth bomber” or “long range missile
launcher” but can be carried in a brief case or even delivered by courier without even
knowing of its devastating effects.
Once the EMPS Bomb has been activated which could also include in any mode of
transport for example and especially fuel transports systems whom rely on
GPS,GMS,satellite technologies as rail, shipping, aircraft and even trucking causing
accidents, explosions and full technical failures. Other damages include power
shutdowns,environmental damage, loss of life at all levels and even hostage taking at
grand level as destroying cruise ships, oil rigs and gas-oil tankers technological
control operations centres thus rendering the ships un-controlled and un-directed to
their physical sinking/destruction or even causing explosions as engines can be shut
down without special cooling off periods or engine burn outs thus causing
over-heating of the engines and close down of emergency safety and security systems
causing disastrous consequences.
EMP Device
Thus Technokontrol developing different types of specialist alloy “Anti-EMPS
Technologies” to be easily installed in low cost effective materials and textiles to
allow the quick and wide installation of these "Anti-EMPS Protective
Technologies" for and especially for the military and law enforcement but also for
the industrial, civilian and industrial-commercial strategic sectors which aren´t as
prepared as the military. (Most military modern nations are more prepared than the
civilian sector but we still feel that there is much to be done at present and in the
near future as assets via EMPS bombings can be easily attacked and destroyed and
with the simplest incorrect maintenance or installation errors being also factors to
increase the effectiveness of any EMPS attack regardless of “hardening/protecting” of
the electronics installed into military operational equipment even at original
fabrication level).
As this is and will be a new type of “EMPS Modern Warfare” as with “no energy",
there isn´t anything, life, water, food, transport, fuels,telecommunications, medical,
police services, government,etc. Thus causing the downfall of the nations society,
commerce, industry,government and all types of institutions as we understand it in
today´s world.
EMPS warfare technology will make a nation return to the “Middle Ages” in a matter
of seconds
This EMPS warfare technology will make a nation return to the “Middle Ages” in a
matter of seconds and only will be allowed to be “rebuilt” with the assistance and
agreement of the outside world which would normally be its probable “initial enemyprosecutor”
who already caused this destruction for some reason. In a simple
conclusion the “damage-explosion” of an EMPS attack will be more of an “social
systematic-implosion” against the government or rulers of the effected nation due to
the lack of basic human needs as mentioned before and no clear knowledge of an
“emergency–recovery” plan which could be viable prepared or in financial wealthlymodern-
emerging nations but nil in poor nations or regions or countries controlled by
terrorists/criminlas or un-elected/un-stable governments.
EMPS Bombing is by far the most effective way to attack an exact location, region,
country but also can be used to “bring down to their knees” any rogue nation,
terrorist groups or illegal /occupation/invasion/ wars between regions, states or
nations without causing human deaths but allowing as many people to live as possible
without any human basic-essential living needs thus destroying the enemies
possibility to continue due to not having any electronically operational hardware but
also due to the immediate social unrest and auto-implosion-destruction of their own
nation due to internal fighting once this occurred due to the lack of supplies, foods,
fuels, medicines, etc. Thus allowing wars to be finished in weeks rather than months
or years with the total fall of the “enemy”.
The XXI century is also leading the world to move into a new "Technological Military
Era", where human deaths and/or injuries are each time are less and less in each
battle-anti terrorism scenario due to the more advanced and high-technology military
accurate hardware used in each military or anti-terrorism scenarios are more
efective. These new types of technological warfare won´t stop terrorism or sabotage
attacks against important national infrastructures as pipelines, refineries, factories,
jumbo tanks, rail freight transports, police stations, military bases,etc. This will only
increase the spectrum of terror or piracy armament portfolio against normal stable
nations, governments or corporations for whatever reason, from economical
blackmail to political power control, simple eco-politcial-terrorism or to pure
international criminal activities.
These types of terrorist or piracy attacks which could also include EMPS Bombings if
obtained or fabricated by the “other-side” also will have additional national costs
which are the financial, industrial, commercial instability at all levels and the worst of
all the social and psychological costs of the civilian population which is most cases
are nations which are also the voters of these governments of whom are elected to
protect these same people/voters. Thus being paramount that as many as possible
basic infrastructures operations centres must be protected at all costs in the event of
the worst possible scenarios, especially power grids, water resources,
telecommunications centres, civil protection, armed forces, government
institutions,strategic fuel deposits, fuel delivery services and most importantly food
and medical services to the general population.
EMPS Attack technology and its psychological deterrent effect
The psychological effect of a (possible) EMPS attack by any nation/s and its
consecuences can be related to other types of social psychological effects(PTSS) for
all wars but can be compared in today´s modern day warfare with the example of
continuos high-tech military technologies which for an example can be part of any
"aerial drone attack programme" may cause over a period of time legal, criminal,
punitive liabilities and damages against a government or foreign military
manufacturer or supplier due to their direct & indirect psychological, physical and
mental damages of normal civilians or habitants of a region, state, country which
aren´t at war but effected indirectly due to their physical location.
However, these mental stresses as the most common being PTSS also effects the
“enforcers or military” thus all parties understanding the value of the psychological
warfare effects especially with the use of all types of armaments as IED´s(Improvised
Explosive Devices) with the increase of mental issues or illnesses of both sides of the
attacked/occupied or territorial controlled civilian/military population as PTSS (Post
Traumatic Stress Syndrome) due to the continuous in many cases aggressive military/terrorist attacks on both sides which in many cases may be justified due to harbouring such wanted terrorists-criminals but also in many occasions to impose
mental stress to reduce any possible assistance of the local habitants to these terror
groups. The contra-effect is then the use of IED´s to continue a never ending battle of
will but the pyscological drama of all parties doesn´t stop once back home but only
begins with the traumatic psychological battlefield stresses of all parties and for the
rest of their lives, especially worse for the modern nations where living standards and
human lives are more valuable socially.
This continuous mental stress pressure (PTSS) of the civilian population by means of
the above mentioned high-tech strategic warfare methods which includes anyone
unrelated or directly,indirectly related due to their political,religious, terrorist causes
which in many occasions creates un-necessary deaths, injuries, hardships,
psychological mental long term damage/illnesses and even worst a grave
regional/national populous "media-backlash", mistrust, hate and longing for revenge
which again continues the planting, seeding and growth of a next generation of
possible normal civilians to fight against these types of foreign physical,
military,social and psychological aggressions/attacks by means of going into terrorist
groups or common criminal activities against an established stable government due to
past warfare effects or even historical or personal reasons of being invaded or
attacked at younger ages and wishing to “pay back” by some way or manner these
personal or family damages.
Thus confirming the possible use of this “EMPS Attack Technology” as a final
deterrent would resolve many issues immediately or at least swiftly because the
consecuences are extremely well understood and all parties will understand that no
electronic hardware would work thus sweeping clean an area clean with any
telecommunications, economy, transport,electronics, missile launchers, radios, GPS,
etc, and stopping the use of “drone bombings-military occupation/controls” and
allowing the civilians to continue their lives as normal and as best as possible and to
regain their trust. Also by implementing a realistic “re-building civilian programme”
with already established selected civilians of that region to benefit from real effective
financial, economic,educational, medical assistance to create the right base to grow a
new society with normal values but always with a secure and realistic future by
means of employment and security.
Not only would the EMPS Attack deterrent would be effective but it will be required
as mandatory by all selected nations to create a balance of powers and not allowing
this technology to fall into the wrong hands thus having technologies or safety
products as manufactured by Technokontrol to protect and to hinder any type of
attack from anywhere or anyone for whatever reason.
The great savings from financial, logistical,military,social,geo-political using these
technologies are extremely important and must be considered as another great
positive point towards the production of these EMPS technologies and also the safetysecurity
technologies to protect one owns nation, society, family,etc.
We should consider this technology as such as an important military deterrent as the
nuclear aramament which has now been effective for more than seven decades and
this could be the new long term safer but more strategic deterrent but will be harder
to control as too much data and operational units have been shown as effective from
private manufacturers without taking into account all the military technological and
financial investment also during the last decades into this technology and even more
extreme armament as lazers, etc.
Historical technological creation of EMPS-Cyber Warfare technologies
Due to our belief that modern day warfare is moving into a new direction we believe
that new modern military technologies based on pre-WWII technological electromagnetic studies and research technologies mainly invented by the Russians
and by the best military German research engineering teams created and effectively
tested during 1940-45 having created the first “High Intensity Electromagnetic
Electromagnetic Lazer Mobile Artillery Gun in 1944 as a new German Wonder
Weapon”, which was the real technological birth place of “electromagnetic armament
technology” has been the bases of these new upgraded and developed “Modern Era”
type of electronic military battlefield ground-aerial-sea armament of the XXI century.
Cyber-war is and has become a real life “virtual battlefield” where governments,
private global corporations, financial institutions are presently spending billions of
Euros in protecting, preparing, training, anticipating and creating all types of
defensive, anti-cyber-attack technology but also contra-offensive or even attack-viral
software to hinder, control and to protect these national strategic interests. Who
would of thought of modern warefare as todays cyber wars during the 1970´s
Vietnam war? This is what will and is occurring with the EMPS technology which may
sound un-realistic or even too far into the future in today´s world but will be also a
new technological military-defence race but this time we have new comers and not
just the “cold war members” but financial criminal economies like the global crime
industry which ¡s todays largest global employeer with billions of dollars in disposable
assets whom may see this also as a new business venture and without going into
global terrorist groups of all backgrounds and political or religuos principles.
This present day cyber war can be understood by how the Iranians have suffered
months or even years of continuous delays in their nuclear power program having
introduced accidentally by purchasing corrupt technology or deliberately
downloading internally viral software by anti-Iranian operatives into their operational
technological operations industrial software programs which will never be recognized
by any foreign military or nation but it´s obvious that cyber warfare is active and
increasing daily from internet fraud, to internet hackers to all types of terrorists.
However, this type of war can be done from a basement in New York to a specialist
underground military bunker in Asia.
Nuclear test EMP measured 4700 km away 200 kt airburst
This cyber war has also put “against the wall” the strongest governments of the world
and to which they have even admitted that extreme sensitive data has been stolen and
continues to be stolen from top military USA top secret military and national security
databases which are extremely well protected by means of anti-cyber-attack
protected technologies and specialist cyber teams. Thus creating a more balanced
“battlefield ground” between the top global governments and even small budget, low
resourceful terror groups, criminals thus needing in the future to take these terror,
criminal groups out at physical ground level or with EMPS bomb technology if
required.
Top secret and highly classified sensitive military documents as the technical plans of
the new generation USA nuclear submarines are just one example how cyber warfare
has been effective by the enemy as these plans were stolen from the USA government
by means of cyber attacks. However, we all must be cautious due to many times
military officials from all sides stating this loss of information freely in the media can
also mean that there is a large part of “dis-information” and sometimes governments
wish their enemies to confirm what they already “know” what they have is known to
them or to “inform the other party something which may not even exist to make them
think in another direction” as pure “dis-information” and this formula is what helped
the allies to win WWII more than any direct military attack or battle scenario during
the whole campaign as “information” is the difference between losing a war or
winning thus the allies being extremely efficient in having their intelligence resources
at the right time and at the right place.
EMPS-Electromagnetic Pulse Systems & EMPS types
We must state that even though the norm for these types of EMPS can also be created
by the solar heat, solar flares, solar radiation, etc. We must then also take into
consideration that even though we have prepared our Technokontrol Anti-EMPS
Technology for a direct military, criminal or terrorist attack, we also must consider
also natural disasters which may also occur at any time without any real firm
precision even though scientific studies state that during 2014-2015 the sun solar
activity will be at its highest in many years and we have already suffered in some
parts of the world these effects as in Ottawa, Canada and in Australia where the solar
radiation brought down many electronic base services.
Even in most related data to solar radiation may be very precise no one can really
predict anything 100% when we can´t even forecast the weather in the next three to
five days, how can us humans predict a solar flare or radiation sometime in the near
future or ever. We must also understand that only several degrees of temperature
increase or decrease at global level can be disastrous for the human population,
natural and all living species and we mustn’t forget our recent “five century long
XIV-XIX centuries” of the so called "little ice age" which left the world in a precarious
natural and human situation so if this to where to occur the other way round and a
“little hot age" things could be possibly even worse due to our present modern needs
of technology and electronics for anything in our daily lives.
Technical data regarding types of EMP: EMP1, EMP2 and EMP3
EMP- TYPE E1-Nuclear EMPS
The EMP1 pulse is the very fast component of nuclear EMP. The EMP1 component is
a very brief but intense electromagnetic field that can quickly induce very high
voltages in electrical conductors. The EMP1 component causes most of its damage by
causing electrical breakdown voltages to be exceeded. EMP1 is the component that
can destroy computers and communications equipment and it changes too quickly for
ordinary lightning protectors to provide effective protection against it.
The Earth's magnetic field quickly deflects the electrons at right angles to the
geomagnetic field, and the extent of the deflection depends upon the strength of the
magnetic field. At geomagnetic field strengths typical of the central United States,
central Europe or Australia, these initial electrons spiral around the magnetic field
lines in a circle with a typical radius of about 85 metres (about 280 feet). These initial
electrons are stopped by collisions with other air molecules at an average distance of
about 170 metres (a little less than 580 feet). This means that most of the electrons
are stopped by collisions with air molecules before they can complete one full circle of
its spiral around the Earth's magnetic field lines.
This interaction of the very rapidly-moving negatively-charged electrons with the
magnetic field radiates a pulse of electromagnetic energy. The pulse typically rises to
its peak value in about 5 nanoseconds. The magnitude of this pulse typically decays to
half of its peak value within 200 nanoseconds. (By the IEC definition, this EMP1 pulse
is ended at one microsecond (1000 nanoseconds) after it begins.) This process occurs
simultaneously with about 1025 other electrons.
There are a number of secondary collisions which cause the subsequent electrons to
lose energy before they reach ground level. The electrons generated by these
subsequent collisions have such reduced energy that they do not contribute
significantly to the EMP1 pulse.
These 2 MeV gamma rays will normally produce an EMP1 pulse near ground level at
moderately high latitudes that peaks at about 50,000 volts per metre. This is a peak
power density of 6.6 megawatts per square metre.
The process of the gamma rays knocking electrons out of the atoms in the
mid-stratosphere causes this region of the atmosphere to become an electrical
conductor due to ionization, a process which blocks the production of further
electromagnetic signals and causes the field strength to saturate at about 50,000
volts per metre. The strength of the EMP1 pulse depends upon the number and
intensity of the gamma rays produced by the weapon and upon the rapidity of the
gamma ray burst from the weapon. The strength of the EMP1 pulse is also somewhat
dependent upon the altitude of the detonation.
There are reports of "super-EMP" nuclear weapons that are able to overcome the
50,000 volt per metre limit by the very nearly instantaneous release of a burst of
gamma radiation of much higher energy levels than are known to be produced by
second generation nuclear weapons. The reality and possible construction details of
these weapons are classified, and therefore cannot be confirmed by scientists in the
open scientific literature.
EMP-TYPE EMP2- NNEMP-Non Nuclear EMP
The EMP2 component is generated by scattered gamma rays and inelastic gammas
produced by weapon neutrons. This EMP2 component is an "intermediate time" pulse
that, by the IEC definition, lasts from about 1 microsecond to 1 second after the
beginning of the electromagnetic pulse. The EMP2 component of the pulse has many
similarities to the electromagnetic pulses produced by lightning, although the
electromagnetic pulse induced by a nearby lightning strike may be considerably
larger than the EMP2 component of a nuclear EMP. Because of the similarities to
lightning-caused pulses and the widespread use of lightning protection technology,
the EMP2 pulse is generally considered to be the easiest to protect against.
According to the United States EMP Commission, the main potential problem with the
EMP2 component is the fact that it immediately follows the EMP1 component, which
may have damaged the devices that would normally protect against EMP2.
According to the EMP Commission Executive Report of 2004, "In general, it would not
be an issue for critical infrastructure systems since they have existing protective measures for defence against occasional lightning strikes. The most significant risk is
synergistic, because the EMP2 component follows a small fraction of a second after
the first component's insult, which has the ability to impair or destroy many
protective and control features. The energy associated with the second component
thus may be allowed to pass into and damage systems.
EMP-TYPE EMP3-Solar EMP
The EMP3 component is very different from the other two major components of
nuclear EMP. The EMP3 component of the pulse is a very slow pulse, lasting tens to
hundreds of seconds, that is caused by the nuclear detonation heaving the Earth's
magnetic field out of the way, followed by the restoration of the magnetic field to its
natural place. The EMP3 component has similarities to a geomagnetic storm caused
by a very severe solar flare.[Like a geomagnetic storm, EMP3 can produce
geo-magnetically induced currents in long electrical conductors, which can then
damage components such as power line transformers.
Because of the similarity between solar-induced geomagnetic storms and nuclear
EMP3, it has become common to refer to solar-induced geomagnetic storms as "solar
EMP."[At ground level, however, "solar EMP" is not known to produce an EMP1 or
EMP2 component.
Types and sizes of present and future EMP Bombs
There are at present proof of small EMPS attack weapons which emit short,
high-energy pulses reaching 10 gigawatts, which could destroy complex electronics
systems. This EMPS bomb attacks systems can now already presently take out
electronic systems of nuclear or electric power plants, banks, trains, or even a simple
telephone switchboard. These systems can be carried in boxes, suitcases, briefcases,
computer bags, etc.
Any type of EMPS attack from a thermonuclear warhead to a solar flare would cause
ionospheric radiation and electronic effects to any national or international region,
territory or nations. Once these issues and greater understanding of these new types
of armaments were confirmed and the consequences understood most military
computers and electronic systems were "prepared/protected" to minimize such
damage, but civil systems remain extremely vulnerable.
There are mainly two types of non-nuclear EMP (NNEMP) and one main nuclear High
Altitude HEMP devices which have been developed since the Vietnam War mainly.
One uses conventional explosives to induce the EMP; another uses a single-use,
high-power microwave generation device.
These smaller versions of EMPS Bomb/Explosive Systems can be used by Special
Forces teams who infiltrate the enemy's and detonate a device near their electronic
devices. It destroys the electronics of all computer and communication systems in a
quite large area. The EMP bomb can be smaller than a HERF gun to cause a similar
amount of damage and is typically used to damage not a single target (not aiming in
one direction) but to damage all equipment near the bomb.
The efficient execution of an Information Warfare campaign against a modern
industrial or post-industrial opponent will require the use of specialized tools
designed to destroy information systems. High Power Electro-magnetic Pulse
generation techniques and High Power Microwave technology have matured to the
point where practical electro-magnetic bombs are becoming technically feasible, with
new applications in both Strategic and Tactical IW (Information Warfare).
Targets of the EMPS-bombs:
The telecommunication systems
The national power grid
Finance and banking systems
The national transporting systems
The mass media
EMP Targets
A Radio Frequency Weapon is one that uses intense pulses of RF energy to destroy or
degrade the electronics in a target. These weapons can be employed in a narrow
beam over a long distance to a point target. They are categorized as High Power
Microwave Weapons (HPM) and Ultra Wide Band Weapon (UWB). The phrase
non-nuclear electro-magnetic pulse is sometimes used.
Advantages of the HPM:
All weather
Low cost per engagement
Possible to engage multiple targets
Non-lethal to humans
Not able to detect attacks
What can Electro-magnetic EMPS do to a nation or attacked location?
The high temperatures and energetic radiation produced by nuclear explosions also
produce large amounts of ionized (electrically charged) matter which is present
immediately after the explosion. Under the right conditions, intense currents and
electro-magnetic fields can be produced, generically called EMP (Electro-magnetic
Pulse), that are felt at long distances. Living organisms are impervious to these
effects, but electrical and electronic equipment can be temporarily or permanently
disabled by them. Ionized gases can also block short wavelength radio and radar
signals (fireball blackout) for extended periods.
The occurrence of EMP is strongly dependent on the altitude of burst. It can be
significant for surface or low altitude bursts (below 4,000 m); it is very significant for
high altitude bursts (above 30,000 m); but it is not significant for altitudes between
these extremes. This is because EMP is generated by the asymmetric absorption of
instantaneous gamma rays produced by the explosion. At intermediate altitudes the
air absorbs these rays fairly uniformly and does not generate long range electromagnetic
disturbances.
The formation EMP begins with the very intense, but very short burst of gamma rays
caused by the nuclear reactions in the bomb. About 0.3% of the bomb's energy is in
this pulse, but it last for only 10 nanoseconds or so. These gamma rays collide with
electrons in air molecules, and eject the electrons at high energies through a process
called Compton scattering. These energetic electrons in turn knock other electrons
loose, and create a cascade effect that produces some 30,000 electrons for every
original gamma ray.
In low altitude explosions the electrons, being very light, move much more quickly
than the ionized atoms they are removed from and diffuse away from the region
where they are formed. This creates a very strong electric field which peaks in
intensity to 10 nanoseconds. The gamma rays emitted downward however are
absorbed by the ground which prevents charge separation from occurring.
This creates a very strong vertical electric current which generates intense electromagnetic
emissions over a wide frequency range (up to 100 MHZ) that emanate
mostly horizontally. At the same time, the earth acts as a conductor allowing the
electrons to flow back toward the burst point where the positive ions are
concentrated. This produces a strong magnetic field along the ground. Although only
about 3x10^-10 of the total explosion energy is radiated as EMP in a ground burst
(10^6 joules for 1 Mt bomb), it is concentrated in a very short pulse. The charge
separation persists for only a few tens of microseconds, making the emission power
some 100 gigawatts. The field strengths for ground bursts are high only in the
immediate vicinity of the explosion. For smaller bombs they aren't very important
because they are strong only where the destruction is intense anyway. With
increasing yields, they reach farther from the zone of intense destruction. With a 1 Mt
bomb, they remain significant out to the 2 psi overpressure zone (5 miles).
High altitude explosions produce EMPs that dramatically more destructive. About
3x10^-5 of the bomb's total energy goes into EMP in this case, 10^11 joules for a 1
Mt bomb. EMP is formed in high altitude explosions when the downwardly directed
gamma rays encounter denser layers of air below. A pancake shaped ionization region
is formed below the bomb. The zone can extend all the way to the horizon, to 2500 km
for an explosion at an altitude of 500 km. The ionization zone is up to 80 km thick at
the center. The Earth's magnetic field causes the electrons in this layer to spiral as
they travel, creating a powerful downward directed electro-magnetic pulse lasting a
few microseconds. A strong vertical electrical field (20-50 KV/m) is also generated
between the Earth's surface and the ionized layer, this field lasts for several minutes
until the electrons are recaptured by the air. Although the peak EMP field strengths
from high altitude bursts are only 1-10% as intense as the peak ground burst fields,
they are nearly constant over the entire Earth's surface under the ionized region.
The effects of these fields on electronics is difficult to predict, but can be profound.
Enormous induced electric currents are generated in wires, antennas, and metal
objects (like missiles, airplanes, and building frames). Commercial electrical grids are
immense EMP antennas and would be subjected to voltage surges far exceeding those
created by lightning, and over vastly greater areas. Modern VLSI chips are extremely
sensitive to voltage surges, and would be burned out by even small leakage currents.
Military equipment is generally designed to be resistant to EMP, but realistic tests are
very difficult to perform and EMP protection rests on attention to detail. Minor
changes in design, incorrect maintenance procedures, poorly fitting parts, loose
debris, moisture, and ordinary dirt can all cause elaborate EMP protections to be
totally circumvented. It can be expected that a single high yield, high altitude
explosion over an industrialized area would cause massive disruption for an
indeterminable period, and would cause huge economic damages (all those damaged
chips add up).
What is a Fireball Blackout? How can it block Radar Systems?
A separate effect is the ability of the ionized fireball to block radio and radar signals.
Like EMP, this effect becomes important with high altitude bursts. Fireball blackout
can cause radar to be blocked for tens of seconds to minutes over an area tens of
kilometers across. High frequency radio can be disrupted over hundreds to thousands
of kilometers for minutes to hours depending on exact conditions.
The technology base for EMPS-bombs
Explosively Pumped Flux Compression Generators (FCG)
The central idea behind the construction of FCGs is that of using a fast explosive to
rapidly compress a magnetic field, transferring much energy from the explosive into
the magnetic field. The initial magnetic field in the FCG prior to explosive initiation is
produced by a start current. The start current is supplied by an external source, such
a high voltage capacitor bank (Marx bank), a smaller FCG or the MHD device. A
number of geometrical configurations for FCGs have been published. The most
commonly used arrangement is that of the coaxial FCG.
The coaxial arrangement is of particular interest in this context, as its essentially
cylindrical form factor lends itself to packaging into munitions. In principle, any
device capable of producing a pulse of electrical current of the order of tens of kilo
Amperes to Mega Amperes will be suitable.
Explosive and Propellant driven MHD Generators
The fundamental principle behind the design of MHD devices is that a conductor
moving through a magnetic field will produce an electrical current transverse to the
direction of the field and the conductor motion. In an explosive or propellant driven
MHD device, the conductor is a plasma of ionized explosive or propellant gas, which
travels through the magnetic field. Current is collected by electrodes which are in
contact with the plasma jet. The electrical properties of the plasma are optimized by
seeding the explosive or propellant with suitable additives, which ionize during the
burn.
High Power Microwave Sources (Vircator)
The fundamental idea behind the Vircator is that of accelerating a high current
electron beam against a mesh (or foil) anode. Many electrons will pass through the
anode, forming a bubble of space charge behind the anode. Under the proper
conditions, this space charge region will oscillate at microwave frequencies. If the
space charge region is placed into a resonant cavity which is appropriately tuned,
very high peak powers may be achieved.
Coupling modes
The major problem area in determining lethality is that of coupling efficiency, which is
a measure of how much power is transferred from the field produced by the weapon
into the target.
Front door coupling occurs typically when power from an electro-magnetic weapon is
coupled into an antenna associated with radar or communications equipment. The
antenna subsystem is designed to couple power in and out of the equipment.
Back Door Coupling occurs when the electro-magnetic field from a weapon produces
large transient currents or electrical standing waves (when produced by a HPM
weapon) on fixed electrical wiring and cables interconnecting equipment, or
providing connections to mains power or the telephone network.
A low frequency bomb built around an FCG will require a large antenna to provide
good coupling of power from the weapon into the surrounding environment. Whilst
weapons built this way are inherently wide band, as most of the power produced lies
in the frequency band below 1 MHz compact antennas are not an option.
Microwave bombs have a broader range of coupling modes and given the small
wavelength in comparison with bomb dimensions, can be readily focussed against
targets with a compact antenna assembly.
The importance of glide-bombs as delivery means for HPM warheads is threefold.
Firstly, the glide-bomb can be released from outside effective radius of target air
defences, therefore minimizing the risk to the launch aircraft. Secondly, the large
standoff range means that the aircraft can remain well clear of the bomb's effects.
Finally the bomb's autopilot may be programmed to shape the terminal trajectory of
the weapon, such that a target may be engaged from the most suitable altitude and
aspect.
Targeting Electro-Magnetic Bombs
The task of identifying targets for attack with electro-magnetic bombs can be
complex. Certain categories of target will be very easy to identify and engage.
Buildings housing government offices and thus computer equipment, production
facilities, military bases and known radar sites and communications nodes are all
targets which can be readily identified through conventional photographic, satellite,
imaging radar, electronic reconnaissance and humint operations. These targets are
typically geographically fixed and thus may be attacked providing that the aircraft
can penetrate to weapon release range. With the accuracy inherent in GPS/inertially
guided weapons, the electro-magnetic bomb can be programmed to detonate at the
optimal position to inflict a maximum of electrical damage.
Mobile and camouflaged targets which radiate overtly can also be readily engaged.
Mobile and relocatable air defence equipment, mobile communications nodes and
naval vessels are all good examples of this category of target. While radiating, their
positions can be precisely tracked with suitable Electronic Support Measures (ESM)
and Emitter Locating Systems (ELS) carried either by the launch platform or a remote
surveillance platform. In the latter instance target coordinates can be continuously
data-linked to the launch platform. As most such targets move relatively slowly, they
are unlikely to escape the footprint of the electro-magnetic bomb during the weapon's
flight time.
Mobile or hidden targets which do not overtly radiate may present a problem,
particularly should conventional means of targeting be employed. A technical solution
to this problem does however exist, for many types of target. This solution is the
detection and tracking of Unintentional Emission (UE). UE has attracted most
attention in the context of TEMPEST surveillance, where transient emanations
leaking out from equipment due poor shielding can be detected and in many instances
demodulated to recover useful intelligence. Termed Van Eck radiation, such emissions
can only be suppressed by rigorous shielding and emission control techniques, such
as are employed in TEMPEST rated equipment.
Whilst the demodulation of UE can be a technically difficult task to perform well, in
the context of targeting electro-magnetic bombs this problem does not arise. To
target such an emitter for attack requires only the ability to identify the type of
emission and thus target type, and to isolate its position with sufficient accuracy to
deliver the bomb. Because the emissions from computer monitors, peripherals,
processor equipment, switch-mode power supplies, electrical motors, internal
combustion engine ignition systems, variable duty cycle electrical power controllers
(thyristor or triac based), super-heterodyne receiver local oscillators and computer
networking cables are all distinct in their frequencies and modulations, a suitable
Emitter Locating System can be designed to detect, identify and track such sources of
emission.
A good precedent for this targeting paradigm exists. During the SEA (Vietnam)
conflict the United States Air Force (USAF) operated a number of night inter-diction
gun-ships which used direction finding receivers to track the emissions from vehicle
ignition systems. Once a truck was identified and tracked, the gun-ship would engage
it.
Because UE occurs at relatively low power levels, the use of this detection method
prior to the outbreak of hostilities can be difficult, as it may be necessary to over-fly
hostile territory to find signals of usable intensity. The use of stealthy reconnaissance
aircraft or long range, stealthy Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) may be required. The
latter also raises the possibility of autonomous electro-magnetic warhead armed
expendable UAVs, fitted with appropriate homing receivers. These would be
programmed to loiter in a target area until a suitable emitter is detected, upon which
the UAV would home in and expend itself against the target.
Technokontrol Anti-EMPS Defence against EMPS-bombs and EMPS personal
carried device attacks.
The most effective defence against electro-magnetic bombs is to prevent their
delivery by destroying the launch platform or delivery vehicle, as is the case with
nuclear weapons. This however may not always be possible, and therefore systems
which can be expected to suffer exposure to the electro-magnetic weapons effects
must be electro-magnetically hardened.
The most effective method is to wholly contain the equipment in an electrically
conductive enclosure; Technokontrol has developed the Anti-EMPS Protection
Panels for such protection systems termed a Faraday cages or TK-EMPS Panel
Protected Bunker-Buildings, which prevents the electro-magnetic field from
gaining access to the protected equipment. However, most such equipment must
communicate with and be fed with power from the outside world, and this can provide
entry points via which electrical transients may enter the enclosure and effect
damage. While optical fibers address this requirement for transferring data in and
out, electrical power feeds remain an on-going vulnerability. The use of these
protective systems with our own electromagnetic power supply as the TK-Omega
RF5000 and TK-Orion RF5000 will also not to need to require external energy
supply thus closing down all and any leaks thus allowing the base or bunker totally
EMPS protected and anti EMPS attack proof.
Where an electrically conductive channel must enter the enclosure, electro-magnetic
arresting devices must be fitted. A range of devices exist, however care must be taken
in determining their parameters to ensure that they can deal with the rise time and
strength of electrical transients produced by electro-magnetic devices. Reports from
the US indicate that hardening measures attuned to the behaviour of nuclear EMP
bombs do not perform well when dealing with some conventional microwave electromagnetic
device designs. Thus needing to use Technokontrols Anti-EMPS Protection
Technology which as being simple and effective will not need to be applied to the
internal electronics of any of the devices required for protection as the whole area,
zone, section will be protected for all outside EMPS and thus needing to install an
antenna to continue to operate with the outside world once the danger has been
overcome or passed allowing normal operations to continue if desired.
Technokontrol Anti-EMPS Protection Panels will save any military, government or
corporation to do significant “hardening/protecting” of their systems, as electromagnetic
damage to any single element of a complex system could inhibit the function
of the whole system. Hardening new build equipment and systems will add a
substantial cost burden. Older equipment and systems may be impossible to harden
properly and may require complete replacement. In simple terms, hardening by
design is significantly easier than attempting to harden existing equipment. Thus
using Technokontrol Anti-EMPS technology will avoid mass change-over investments
and allowing all electronics to continue their normal operations reducing cost, time,
burden and protecting classified data, locations or confidential interests to outside
operators.
Intermittent faults may not be possible to repair economically, thereby causing
equipment in this state to be removed from service permanently, with considerable
loss in maintenance hours during damage diagnosis. This factor must also be
considered when assessing the hardness of equipment against electro-magnetic
attack, as partial or incomplete hardening may in this fashion cause more difficulties
than it would solve. Indeed, shielding which is incomplete may resonate when excited
by radiation and thus contribute to damage inflicted upon the equipment contained
within it.
Electromagnetic damage to any single element of a complex system could inhibit the
function of the whole system.
Other than hardening against attack, facilities which are concealed should not radiate
readily detectable emissions. Where radio frequency communications must be used,
low probability of intercept (i.e... spread spectrum) techniques should be employed
exclusively to preclude the use of site emissions for electro-magnetic targeting
purposes. Appropriate suppression of UE is also mandatory.
EMPS Weapons
Complex and expensive experimental efforts are more timely and cost-effective if they
are tested by theoretical and computational modelling. Such computations are made
tractable by viewing the device as a system consisting of a pulsed power source,
microwave source, and an antenna.
Electro-magnetic bombs are Weapons of Electronical Mass Destruction with
applications across a broad spectrum of targets, spanning both the strategic and
tactical. As such their use offers a very high payoff in attacking the fundamental
information processing and communication facilities of a target system. The massed
application of these weapons will produce substantial paralysis in any target system,
thus providing a decisive advantage in the conduct of Electronic Combat, Offensive
Counter Air and Strategic Air Attack.
Because EMPS-bombs can cause hard electrical kills over larger areas than
conventional explosive weapons of similar mass, they offer substantial economies in
force size for a given level of inflicted damage, and are thus a potent force multiplier
for appropriate target sets.
What will happen if we don´t anticipate this new modern day technological
threat? Why must TechnoKontrol Anti-Electromagnetic EMPS technology
should be used?
Electro-magnetic bombs are Weapons of Electronical Mass Destruction with
applications across a broad spectrum of targets, spanning both the strategic and
tactical. As such their use offers a very high payoff in attacking the fundamental
information processing and communication facilities of a target system. The massed
application of these weapons will produce substantial paralysis in any target system,
thus providing a decisive advantage in the conduct of Electronic Combat, Offensive
Counter Air and Strategic Air Attack.
EMPS-bombs can cause hard electrical kills over larger areas than conventional
explosive weapons of similar mass, they offer substantial economies in force size for a
given level of inflicted damage, and are thus a potent force multiplier for appropriate
target sets.
The non-lethal nature of electro-magnetic weapons makes their use far less politically
damaging than that of conventional munitions, and therefore broadens the range of
military options available.
EMPS-bombs can be an affordable force multiplier for military forces which are under
financial and economic pressures to reduce force sizes, increasing both their combat
potential and political utility in resolving disputes. Given the potentially high payoff
deriving from the use of these devices, it is incumbent upon such military forces to
appreciate both the offensive and defensive implications of this technology. It is also
incumbent upon governments and private industry to consider the implications of the
proliferation of this technology, and take measures to safeguard their vital assets from
possible future attack.
All governments, armed forces, corporations, business people, civilians and society in
general should be aware of this mass destructive technology and which at present has
no indication to be stopped due to not needing extremely difficult minerals or
chemicals or top global engineers or research teams to be created once it basics can
be copied and developed. No one can also predict what the “Sun-EMP3” will do
tomorrow as a simple point of view and that isn´t even taking into account the use of this EMPS technology in the hands of the wrong people with the wrong reasons.
What are our governments going to do to resolve this issue or at least to protect the
population and nation in general if the worst came to the worst scenario? What are
the emergency plans? Which bases will be protected?Whom will be selected to be
protected and why? Who will protect our families in the case of civil un-rest, lack of
food, electricity, transport, etc?
These are questions which must be answered today for tomorrow.
[video]http://technokontrol.com/en/products/electromagnetic-pulse.php[/video]
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Liquid body armor
Shear-thickening Fluid
The term "liquid body armor" can be a little misleading. For some people, it brings to mind the idea of moving fluid sandwiched between two layers of solid material. However, both types of liquid armor in development work without a visible liquid layer. Instead, they use Kevlar that has been soaked in one of two fluids.
The first is a shear-thickening fluid (STF), which behaves like a solid when it encounters mechanical stress or shear. In other words, it moves like a liquid until an object strikes or agitates it forcefully. Then, it hardens in a few milliseconds. This is the opposite of a shear-thinning fluid, like paint, which becomes thinner when it is agitated or shaken.
You can see what shear-thickening fluid looks like by examining a solution of nearly equal parts of cornstarch and water. If you stir it slowly, the substance moves like a liquid. But if you hit it, its surface abruptly solidifies. You can also shape it into a ball, but when you stop applying pressure, the ball falls apart.
Here's how the process works. The fluid is a colloid, made of tiny particles suspended in a liquid. The particles repel each other slightly, so they float easily throughout the liquid without clumping together or settling to the bottom. But the energy of a sudden impact overwhelms the repulsive forces between the particles -- they stick together, forming masses called hydroclusters. When the energy from the impact dissipates, the particles begin to repel one another again. The hydroclusters fall apart, and the apparently solid substance reverts to a liquid.
Before impact, the particles in shear-thickening fluid are in a state of equilibrium. After impact, they clump together, forming solid structures.
The fluid used in body armor is made of silica particles suspended in polyethylene glycol. Silica is a component of sand and quartz, and polyethylene glycol is a polymer commonly used in laxatives and lubricants. The silica particles are only a few nanometers in diameter, so many reports describe this fluid as a form of nanotechnology.
To make liquid body armor using shear-thickening fluid, researchers first dilute the fluid in ethanol. They saturate the Kevlar with the diluted fluid and place it in an oven to evaporate the ethanol. The STF then permeates the Kevlar, and the Kevlar strands hold the particle-filled fluid in place. When an object strikes or stabs the Kevlar, the fluid immediately hardens, making the Kevlar stronger. The hardening process happens in mere milliseconds, and the armor becomes flexible again afterward.
In laboratory tests, STF-treated Kevlar is as flexible as plain, or neat, Kevlar. The difference is that it's stronger, so armor using STF requires fewer layers of material. Four layers of STF-treated Kevlar can dissipate the same amount of energy as 14 layers of neat Kevlar. In addition, STF-treated fibers don't stretch as far on impact as ordinary fibers, meaning that bullets don't penetrate as deeply into the armor or a person's tissue underneath. The researchers theorize that this is because it takes more energy for the bullet to stretch the STF-treated fibers.
Research on STF-based liquid body armor is ongoing at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Delaware. Researchers at MIT, on the other hand, are examining a different fluid for use in body armor. We'll look at their research next.
Body armor nicknamed "bullet-proof custard"
A revolutionary new form of body armor nicknamed “bullet-proof custard” has been invented to help save British troops’ lives. It took a team of scientists with the global defense and security company BAE Systems in Bristol, U.K., to formulate the top-secret substance, which will absorb the force of a shot or shrapnel by thickening and hardening instantly on impact and dispersing the impact over a wider area than the heavier Kevlar® vests. BAE Systems will develop the liquid armor so it can take the force of more powerful guns, including the AK-47 assault rifle. The company believes soldiers could be using the new protective vests in two years.
Shear-thickening Fluid
The term "liquid body armor" can be a little misleading. For some people, it brings to mind the idea of moving fluid sandwiched between two layers of solid material. However, both types of liquid armor in development work without a visible liquid layer. Instead, they use Kevlar that has been soaked in one of two fluids.
The first is a shear-thickening fluid (STF), which behaves like a solid when it encounters mechanical stress or shear. In other words, it moves like a liquid until an object strikes or agitates it forcefully. Then, it hardens in a few milliseconds. This is the opposite of a shear-thinning fluid, like paint, which becomes thinner when it is agitated or shaken.
You can see what shear-thickening fluid looks like by examining a solution of nearly equal parts of cornstarch and water. If you stir it slowly, the substance moves like a liquid. But if you hit it, its surface abruptly solidifies. You can also shape it into a ball, but when you stop applying pressure, the ball falls apart.
Here's how the process works. The fluid is a colloid, made of tiny particles suspended in a liquid. The particles repel each other slightly, so they float easily throughout the liquid without clumping together or settling to the bottom. But the energy of a sudden impact overwhelms the repulsive forces between the particles -- they stick together, forming masses called hydroclusters. When the energy from the impact dissipates, the particles begin to repel one another again. The hydroclusters fall apart, and the apparently solid substance reverts to a liquid.
Before impact, the particles in shear-thickening fluid are in a state of equilibrium. After impact, they clump together, forming solid structures.
The fluid used in body armor is made of silica particles suspended in polyethylene glycol. Silica is a component of sand and quartz, and polyethylene glycol is a polymer commonly used in laxatives and lubricants. The silica particles are only a few nanometers in diameter, so many reports describe this fluid as a form of nanotechnology.
To make liquid body armor using shear-thickening fluid, researchers first dilute the fluid in ethanol. They saturate the Kevlar with the diluted fluid and place it in an oven to evaporate the ethanol. The STF then permeates the Kevlar, and the Kevlar strands hold the particle-filled fluid in place. When an object strikes or stabs the Kevlar, the fluid immediately hardens, making the Kevlar stronger. The hardening process happens in mere milliseconds, and the armor becomes flexible again afterward.
In laboratory tests, STF-treated Kevlar is as flexible as plain, or neat, Kevlar. The difference is that it's stronger, so armor using STF requires fewer layers of material. Four layers of STF-treated Kevlar can dissipate the same amount of energy as 14 layers of neat Kevlar. In addition, STF-treated fibers don't stretch as far on impact as ordinary fibers, meaning that bullets don't penetrate as deeply into the armor or a person's tissue underneath. The researchers theorize that this is because it takes more energy for the bullet to stretch the STF-treated fibers.
Research on STF-based liquid body armor is ongoing at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the University of Delaware. Researchers at MIT, on the other hand, are examining a different fluid for use in body armor. We'll look at their research next.
Body armor nicknamed "bullet-proof custard"
A revolutionary new form of body armor nicknamed “bullet-proof custard” has been invented to help save British troops’ lives. It took a team of scientists with the global defense and security company BAE Systems in Bristol, U.K., to formulate the top-secret substance, which will absorb the force of a shot or shrapnel by thickening and hardening instantly on impact and dispersing the impact over a wider area than the heavier Kevlar® vests. BAE Systems will develop the liquid armor so it can take the force of more powerful guns, including the AK-47 assault rifle. The company believes soldiers could be using the new protective vests in two years.
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The Qaher-313
Iran’s new domestically-designed and developed fighter jet, Qaher-313 (Conqueror-313), is ‘super advanced’ and capable of ‘evading radars.’
The aircraft has a “very low radar cross section” and is capable of conducting operations at low altitudes.
Highly-advanced materials and electro-ionic systems had been used in the structure of Qaher-313, and the aircraft is capable of carrying advanced armaments.
Qaher-313 can take off and land on short runways and it has easy maintenance.
The new single-seat bomber has been manufactured based on state-of-the-art technologies and modern defense technologies.
It features a downward Wing-tip device which Flightglobal.com noted vaguely resembles the Boeing Bird of Prey prototype, but with a more faceted design similar to the 1970s-era Lockheed Have Blue that was developed into the now retired F-117 Nighthawk. Flight Global also said, "given the apparent small size of the aircraft and its single engine design, the Qaher 313 could be powered by reverse engineered variants of the General Electric J85 turbojet that Iran is known to have in its possession." Iran has General Electric J85s as well as a dozen other jet engines as a result of old Northrop F-5s and other American aircraft in its inventory from pre-1979 as well as newer engines from Russia and China. Iran also builds various turbo fan engines like the Toloue-4 and Toloue-5 for its UAVs. Iranians have designed the aircraft using CATIA three-dimensional interactive design software and tested it using simulation software including Gambit numerical grid generation software, fluent flow analysis and simulation software, CFD models and they have additionally tested the aerodynamics using small sized jet and propeller flying models.
The aircraft is designed with extra stability and so does not need a fly-by-wire (FBW) system.
A prototype version of the Qaher-313 was portrayed to have test-flown at some point before the presentation. According to the head of the design team, two sub-sized models have been created and tested. One of the models uses a propeller engine while the other uses a small micro jet engine. The models were shown in a video clip (along with descriptions by the head of the design team) the same day.
The engine used by the design had been successfully tested. He also confirmed that the aircraft had not yet been flown, but that taxi and flight tests will occur in the near future.
[url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail/2013/02/02/286875/irans-fighter-jet-can-evade-radars/]PressTV - Iran?s super advanced Qaher-313 can evade radars: Defense minister[/URL]
Qaher-313 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a fake plane,all aircraft analysts have said its nothing more than a sleek plastic model.
Further, the canopy appears to be constructed of "basic plastic," the air intakes are unusually small, and "The whole impression is of some plastic parts pasted to an old flying platform." One expert says the cockpit and ejection seat seem real, but the Qaher-313 displayed seemed too small to be a capable fighter. A photo of the cockpit shows a simple glass cockpit design using civilian avionics from Dynon Avionics and Garmin which are normally found on much less sophisticated general aviation aircraft. The markings on the backup airspeed indicator in this photo seem unrealistic, suggesting a stall speed in landing configuration of merely 70 knots and a never exceed speed of about 260 knots; values more likely to be found on a small turboprop aircraft.[23] Video footage showing the plane airborne could have been a radio-controlled model aircraft. Poor-quality footage posted on the internet provided no sense of scale for the platform being flown, and also failed to show its take-off or landing. Its stealth factors are also claimed to be into question, having no visible weapons carrying capability, either internally or externally.
gslv mk3
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AUSTERLITZ
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Top 7 ‘breakthrough’ military weapons | SmartPlanet
Go to the link,some really interesting new weapons incoming.
Go to the link,some really interesting new weapons incoming.
AUSTERLITZ
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Panzerhaubitze2000,probably best SPH atm.
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Leopard a7 ,best MBT right now.
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Virginia class SSN,quietest and most lethal mass produced SSN around.
AUSTERLITZ
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European Meteor BVR,soon to be best BVR in the world.
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M829A3.Best tank round in service.On m1a2 abrams.
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IMI israeli APAM round,specially for anti infantry and urban warfare.[India getting it for arjun mk2
]
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The new american 'super' Bunker buster.Reportedly developed to 'deal' with the 'iranian situation'.See comparison of penetration with GBU-28 current best normal bunker buster in the world that smashed saddam's hardened underground bunkers.
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CBU-97/CBU-105.Deadliest Anti armour smart cluster bomb.3 CBU destroy 90 iraqi tanks in desert storm.India got it.
Thanks uncle sam.
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APG-77 AESA radar of f-22.With 1500 modules the best radar atm.
AUSTERLITZ
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Russian PANTSIR S1E.Best point defence low level system.Designed to intercept cruise missile and PGM as well as aircraft.
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Russian TOPOL-M ICBM.Deadliest ICBM in existence.
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Russian ISKANDER-M.Unstoppable short range tactical ballistic missile.
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American New generation FORD class supercarrier,with f-35s.Mobile soveriegn US territory.
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New american next gen zumwalt class destroyer.
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On Feb. 4, a couple of days after the entire world highlighted the oddities of the first prototype of its Qaher 313 stealth fighter jet and the reasons why the F-313 will never get off the ground, the Iranian MEHR News Agency published an article to explain the aircraft’s top features.
The F-313′s top 10 features piece addresses some of the doubts surrounding the Qaher and its ability to fly and are aimed to persuade skeptics that Tehran’s new aircraft is not only airworthy, but it is also “one of the most sophisticated fighter jet in the world,” as Ahmadinejad said.
Here below you’ll find a long excerpt of the MEHR article:
The top 10 technical characteristics of the F-313 fighter jet and some of the related data on its features and appearance:
1- Using Two inlets and inlet ducts make up the air induction system to deliver air to the engine. Due to an indirect angle of the engine to the air inlets, the radar reflectivity is reduced, and it makes angled design of inlet ducts to the surface to get radar energy wave, just like in F35.
2- The hot exhaust gas mixes with cold air through the inlet ducts, and gets cooler before it gets out of the exhaust system, to reduce heat effects on the surface of the aircraft.
3- Use of radar-absorbent materials in the body, to absorb wave energy and reduce radar reflection, for greater stealth effect of Qaher F-313 fighter.
4- Considering the estimated length and height of the aircraft is less than 16 and 4 meter, the two compartments with payload capacity of carrying two 2000 pound bombs, or greater number of smaller smart guided missiles, or at least 6 air-to-air missiles in the category of R-17 or PL-12.
5- Relatively large vertical tail surface has created favorable directional stability and with canted vertical tails create aerodynamic benefits as well specific appropriate lateral maneuvering capabilities.
6- The very large canopy gives a 360 degree visibility, which is essential for low altitude fly-by flights, especially helps ground mission attacks, and it is also very useful in close dog-fights.
7- The angled wings is perfect example of indigenous design for aircrafts, which gives a side profile like M, and similar to a W profile, is the best form to use in aircrafts.
8- Single-cycle landing gear is another proof that F-313 is a light weight aircraft, with minimum flying weight of 12 to 14 ton, and maximum flying weight of 20 ton.
9- There are 8 analog displays in the cockpit, which shows Multi-Function Display (MFD) technology has more room to improve in F-313, Qaher fighter jet.
10- Considering F-313 normal steering lever, the control systems, with the wing movable surfaces, rudder, and vertical stabilizer are hydraulics, and not fly-by-wire (FBW) system, since many today’s aircraft use “side-steering lever” control.
The advance computer designing software (CATIA) were used for designing F-313, and aerodynamic analysis methods such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) also were used, with the help of numerical grid generation software (GAMBIT), flow analysis software (FLUENT) and other design computation software, which shows a complete scientific work in various areas of indigenous scientific and technology was used for F-313.
The prototypes are already flying, and tests made. Maybe the one shown in the inauguration is not the final product, but it shows the concept that has been approved to be tested, developed and manufactured.
No nation on earth will act as a clown by officially showcasing falsely something as important as a fighter airplane. And by the way, everytime Iran showcased something, it was working and highly efficient, be it missiles, submarines, ammunition, anti-tank weapons, air defence systems, tanks, ships, or air-planes civilian and military.
The critics have just to accept that it is an original concept different than the mainstream concepts in avionics, and that it is a new comer built by Iran for Iranian's needs, i.e; to defend themselves and deter any wannabe attackers.
The main critics are Zionist Jews and their media paid servants, they are the same ones behind the sanctions, the threats of nuclear attacks and the media frenzy to sell more of their fake stories, and to create conflicts to perpetuate their false status.
But Iran takes it seriously, because those people who suffer from an inferiority complex projected to the naive and mostly uneducated world as a complex of superiority are dangerous as all the mentally ill and unstable people.
The F-313′s top 10 features piece addresses some of the doubts surrounding the Qaher and its ability to fly and are aimed to persuade skeptics that Tehran’s new aircraft is not only airworthy, but it is also “one of the most sophisticated fighter jet in the world,” as Ahmadinejad said.
Here below you’ll find a long excerpt of the MEHR article:
The top 10 technical characteristics of the F-313 fighter jet and some of the related data on its features and appearance:
1- Using Two inlets and inlet ducts make up the air induction system to deliver air to the engine. Due to an indirect angle of the engine to the air inlets, the radar reflectivity is reduced, and it makes angled design of inlet ducts to the surface to get radar energy wave, just like in F35.
2- The hot exhaust gas mixes with cold air through the inlet ducts, and gets cooler before it gets out of the exhaust system, to reduce heat effects on the surface of the aircraft.
3- Use of radar-absorbent materials in the body, to absorb wave energy and reduce radar reflection, for greater stealth effect of Qaher F-313 fighter.
4- Considering the estimated length and height of the aircraft is less than 16 and 4 meter, the two compartments with payload capacity of carrying two 2000 pound bombs, or greater number of smaller smart guided missiles, or at least 6 air-to-air missiles in the category of R-17 or PL-12.
5- Relatively large vertical tail surface has created favorable directional stability and with canted vertical tails create aerodynamic benefits as well specific appropriate lateral maneuvering capabilities.
6- The very large canopy gives a 360 degree visibility, which is essential for low altitude fly-by flights, especially helps ground mission attacks, and it is also very useful in close dog-fights.
7- The angled wings is perfect example of indigenous design for aircrafts, which gives a side profile like M, and similar to a W profile, is the best form to use in aircrafts.
8- Single-cycle landing gear is another proof that F-313 is a light weight aircraft, with minimum flying weight of 12 to 14 ton, and maximum flying weight of 20 ton.
9- There are 8 analog displays in the cockpit, which shows Multi-Function Display (MFD) technology has more room to improve in F-313, Qaher fighter jet.
10- Considering F-313 normal steering lever, the control systems, with the wing movable surfaces, rudder, and vertical stabilizer are hydraulics, and not fly-by-wire (FBW) system, since many today’s aircraft use “side-steering lever” control.
The advance computer designing software (CATIA) were used for designing F-313, and aerodynamic analysis methods such as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) also were used, with the help of numerical grid generation software (GAMBIT), flow analysis software (FLUENT) and other design computation software, which shows a complete scientific work in various areas of indigenous scientific and technology was used for F-313.
The prototypes are already flying, and tests made. Maybe the one shown in the inauguration is not the final product, but it shows the concept that has been approved to be tested, developed and manufactured.
No nation on earth will act as a clown by officially showcasing falsely something as important as a fighter airplane. And by the way, everytime Iran showcased something, it was working and highly efficient, be it missiles, submarines, ammunition, anti-tank weapons, air defence systems, tanks, ships, or air-planes civilian and military.
The critics have just to accept that it is an original concept different than the mainstream concepts in avionics, and that it is a new comer built by Iran for Iranian's needs, i.e; to defend themselves and deter any wannabe attackers.
The main critics are Zionist Jews and their media paid servants, they are the same ones behind the sanctions, the threats of nuclear attacks and the media frenzy to sell more of their fake stories, and to create conflicts to perpetuate their false status.
But Iran takes it seriously, because those people who suffer from an inferiority complex projected to the naive and mostly uneducated world as a complex of superiority are dangerous as all the mentally ill and unstable people.
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EDA high-resolution passive radar locks development milestone
Spanish contractor Indra has completed development and demonstration of the Array Passive ISAR (APIS) adaptive processing equipment, which it claims is the world's first passive radar to make use of Inverse Synthetic-Aperture Radar (ISAR) technology.
Alongside Indra (which has acted as lead contractor), development of the European Defence Agency- (EDA-) sponsored APIS architecture has involved Italy's Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT) and Vitrociset SpA, Hungary's Academy of Sciences' Computer and Automation Research Institute (Hungarian acronym MTA SZTAKI), Spain's Universidad de Alcalá and the University of Cyprus.
As described by the EDA, the 24-month-long APIS programme has been designed to "study and realise" a multi-channel, multi-static single receiver for an Array Passive Radar (APR) that makes use of digital signals-of-opportunity (in this case, digital terrestrial TV transmissions).
In more detail, the envisaged APR would exploit multiple-frequency channels from an illuminator-of-opportunity (IO), multiple IOs located in different positions but operating in the same band - an example here being Digital Video Broadcast - Terrestrial (DVB-T) repeaters - and/or other possible combinations that would include terrestrial, airborne and space-based emitters.
APIS was also intended to "define and implement" an adaptive Space Adaptive Processing (SAP) - ISAR processing technique in which SAP was to be used to filter out direct signals, multipath interference, jamming signals and 'hot' (generated by direct and multipath signals from sources other than the reference one) and spatially correlated clutter, with the whole being intended to create a high-level signal-to-disturbance ratio.
Implementation of adaptive SAP-ISAR processing was noted as requiring new ISAR algorithms for application to SAP filtered signals. Indra notes APIS as making use of a MUltipe Signal Classifiction (MUSIC) algorithm - which is a technique that estimates the frequency content of a signal or an autocorrelation matrix using eigenspace methodology - approach to non-deterministic digital beam forming.
EDA high-resolution passive radar locks development milestone - IHS Jane's 360
Indra develops the first high resolution passive radar system
Indra has completed development work on a passive high resolution primary radar system, under a project sponsored by the European Defence Agency. This is the first such system in the world that can show images using inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR)
Passive radar does not emit any form of radiation and instead uses signals already existing in the environment. Indra’s radar system takes advantage of digital terrestrial television (DTT) signals as the sources of illumination. The advantages of this type of radar are that it’s undetectable—given that it doesn’t emit any signal—its low cost and the ability to use it just about anywhere, even in mobile situations, given the wide coverage of DTT signals.
This Spanish company has taken a step forward in the development of these systems by giving it an advanced inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) processing capacity. This represents the first time that this technique, which uses the target’s movement to obtain its radar image, has been applied to radar.
Indra has employed the most innovative signal processing algorithms in this solution, such as STAP (Space-Time Adaptive Processing) and non-deterministic (algorithms based on MUSIC) digital beam forming techniques (Digital Beamforming).
The system’s smart capabilities make it the most advanced currently available and the only one that can offer high resolution images.
The APIS project (Array Passive ISAR Adaptive Processing) lasted 24 months and included the participation of Spain’s National Telecommunications Engineering Consortium (CNIT) and the University of Alcalá, among others.
España, technology for life
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The Russian 3D air defense radar 1L121-E
The Russian company NNIIRT has introduced an export version of its 1L121-E mobile 3-D air-defence radar at the Aero-India 2013 airshow in India. The 1L121-E solid-state active phased array radar that operates in the UHF band is designed to detect small air targets such as low-flying mini unmanned aerial vehicles (mini UAVs) and precision-guided munitions (PGMs). The radar is mounted on vehicular platforms and is operated by a crew of three.
The 1L121-E provides full hemispheric coverage and is designed to operate on the move or on the halt. Moving from stationary to mobile operation requires about two minutes. The array comprises 36 transmit/receive modules arranged in a phased array controlled matrix covering 60 degrees in elevation, reaching up to 90 km range with minimum distance of five kilometers. At this operating mode the radar can simultaneously track 64 targets. For full-hemispheric coverage 90 degree elevation is employed, reducing detection range to 20 km. The minimum range is set at only two kilometers, simultaneously tracking only 32 targets. When covering full-hemispheric scan the radar mechanically rotates at rates of 50 to 800 m/s.
The radar detects and classifies up to four different target types, positioning each target with an accuracy of 100 meters, with 1 degree accuracy in elevation and azimuth. It will differentiate between two targets spaced 300m apart. In addition to the detection of targets the radar also performs electronic profiling of the target, assessing signals emitted by aircraft, drones or PGMs. This input can assist in threat assessment, jammer location and identification of non-cooperating targets (IFF).
This radar was first shown during the Moscow Air Show (MAKS) exhibition in 2011. It was Developed by Nizhegorodskiy Naucsno-Issledovatelskiy Institut Radiotekhniki (NNIIRT), the organization responsible for numerous Russian ground-based radar developments. At MAKS 2011 it was displayed on a tracked MT-LBu vehicle. Now at Aero-India it is shown on a BTR-80 wheeled platform. Similar installations were also done on GAZ-3937 Vodnik 4×4 wheeled chassis.
Mobile Radar Optimized to Detect UAVs, Precision Guided Weapons - Defense Update - Military Technology & Defense News
Radar technology looks to the future
Radar technology looks to the future - Military & Aerospace Electronics
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