@hellfire
The Instrument of Accession
Indian position: Maharaja Hari Singh, the ruler of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947 executed the
Instrument of Accession under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947 and acceded his state to the Dominion of India. India claims that the accession is unconditional and final.
Pakistan's position: Pakistan rejected this accession as this accession was predicated on fraud and violence. Pakistan claimed that the Maharaja had no authority to sign the Instrument of Accession as he had lost the confidence of his people. Moreover, regarding the signing of the Instrument of Accession, its timing, terms and conditions, the timing of the landing of Indian troops, and even the very existence of such a document are controversial.
The UN position: The UN holds that while the accession of Kashmir to India may not be invalid, it's incomplete. Many Security Council members held that Lord Mountbatten’s letter regarding accession
(which stated that the question of State’s accession should be settled by the reference to the people) was an integral part of the terms of accession.
The Security Council passed Resolutions that established self-determination as the governing principal for the settlement of the Kashmir dispute. It explicitly and by implications, rejected India's claim that Kashmir was legally Indian territory.
It is also pertinent to mention that the UN through its resolutions 91 (March 1951) and 122 (January 1957) also repudiated Indian stance that the issue of accession of Kashmir had been resolved by the constituent assembly of Kashmir. These resolutions reiterated that the question of accession could not be resolved by any means other than enunciated in the UN resolutions on the subject.
The UN Resolutions are still valid.
@hellfire ... Please tell us what is it that You want to discuss here ? Pakistani Position, Indian Position or the
position that actually matters (i.e The UN Position) ?
Sir, The UN resolutions on Kashmir are still valid, even though India has made many efforts to declare them
‘dead’, particularly after the signing of the Simla Agreement.
This Indian claim has been refuted by various UN representatives who, on several occasions, have clarified that, only a bilateral agreement, which solves the problem, would legally supersede the numerous existing UN resolutions on that dispute. Also, in the absence of any fundamental change in the circumstances, the UN resolutions can become invalid only when the UN Security Council declares them null and void.
In April 1990, the UN Representative, Francis Guiliani, clarified: ‘a bilateral agreement, which solved the problem, would supersede the resolution aimed at solving the issue. However, as long as the problem remained, the resolutions would remain in effect regardless of when they were adopted