Featured Story of Pakistan (1857–1947) I Creation & Struggle of Pakistan
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Never forget the sacrifice.!! Never forget the hardships.!! Never forget why.!! Some 8,000,000 Muslims attempted to migrate to #Pakistan from #India at the time of Independence in 1947. Some were lucky to escape...others were not.
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This episode of the documentary series includes the untold short stories of Pakistan Movement from the year 1947.
Shan Shahid instils a wave of enthusiasm by narrating the struggle & the paramount sacrifices given by our forefathers at the time of partition, which made the creation of Pakistan possible. Muslims of the Indian Subcontinent finally won the fight for freedom on multiple fronts; however, this freedom came with a heavy price and with many betrayals.
The narrated stories include:
- Announcement of Pakistan as a separate state.
- The illness of Jinnah.
- Christians’ vote for Muslim League.
- Partition of Bengal and Punjab.
- Violence and brutal killings of migrating Muslims.
- Radcliff Award and the associated problems – The Reality.
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ghazi52
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ghazi52
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Happy Independence Day
The following quotes of historians and world leaders describe how great a leader was Muhammad Ali Jinnah - the founder of Pakistan.
1. “Jinnah is one of the most extraordinary men in history.”
~ Jawaharlal Nehru
2. “Few individuals significantly alter the course of history. Fewer still modify the map of the world. Hardly anyone can be credited with creating a nation-state. Mohammad Ali Jinnah did all three”
~ Stanley Wolperpt, Jinnah of Pakistan
3. “There is no man or woman living who imputes anything against his honor or his honesty. He was the most upright person that I know, but throughout it all, he never, as far as I know, for one moment, attempted to deceive anybody, as to what he was aiming at or as to the means he attempted to adopt to get it.”
~ Sir Patrick Spen, the last Chief Justice of United India.
4. “Mr. Jinnah was the recipient of a devotion and loyalty seldom accord to any man.”
~ Harry S Truman, US President.
5. “If Muslim League had 100 Gandhis and 200 Abdul Kalam Azad and Congress had only one Jinnah than India would have never divided”
~ Vijay Laxmi Pandit
6. “Jinnah is Incorruptible and brave.”
~ Gandhi in an interview with Louis Fischer
7. “Jinnah was a historic personality which takes birth once in a Century.” ~ Mussolini
8. “Jinnah never made an agreement by bowing down to anyone but on equal basis.”
~ Lord Mountbatten
9. “Although without Gandhi, Hindustan would still have gained independence and without Lenin and Mao, Russia and China would still have endured Communist revolution, without Jinnah there would have been no Pakistan in 1947.”
~ John Biggs-Davison.
10. “I believe no power can buy Mr. Jinnah.”
~ Gandhi
11. “Good Character and Good Politics were those secrets due to which Jinnah got success”
~ Nehru
12. “Jinnah’s scheme of partition was good, (but) it would take at least 25 years to take shape. But great wars and great men shorten history, and Jinnah was such a man who could alter the history of a nation.”
~ Lord Lothian
13. “Muhammad Ali Jinnah is the only personality of India from whom whole nation has expectations.”
~ Allama Iqbal
14. “If Jinnah was in Sikhs they would worship him.”
~ Sardar Kartar Singh.
15. “Mr. Jinnah was one of the handsomest men I have ever seen; he combined the clear cut, almost Grecian features of the West with oriental grace and movement.”
~ Lord Wavell, Viceroy of India
(1943 – 1947)
16. “In that one decision, combining as it did sagacity, shrewdness, and unequalled political flair, he justified – I am convinced – my claim that he was the most remarkable of all the great statesmen that I have known. It puts him on a level with Bismarck.”
~ Agha Khan
17. “He set a great example to other statesmen to follow by his skill in negotiation, his integrity and his honesty.”
~ Gordon Johnson
18. “Gandhi died by the hands of an assassin; Jinnah died by his devotion to Pakistan.”
~ Lord Pethick Lawrence
19. “Mr. Jinnah, was great as a lawyer, once great as a Congressman, great as a leader of Muslims, great as a world politician and diplomat, and greatest of all as a man of action, By Mr. Jinnah’s passing away, the world has lost one of the greatest statesmen and Pakistan its life-giver, philosopher and guide.”
~ Surat Chandra Bose.
20. “I believe no power can buy Mr. Jinnah.”
~ Gandhi.
The following quotes of historians and world leaders describe how great a leader was Muhammad Ali Jinnah - the founder of Pakistan.
1. “Jinnah is one of the most extraordinary men in history.”
~ Jawaharlal Nehru
2. “Few individuals significantly alter the course of history. Fewer still modify the map of the world. Hardly anyone can be credited with creating a nation-state. Mohammad Ali Jinnah did all three”
~ Stanley Wolperpt, Jinnah of Pakistan
3. “There is no man or woman living who imputes anything against his honor or his honesty. He was the most upright person that I know, but throughout it all, he never, as far as I know, for one moment, attempted to deceive anybody, as to what he was aiming at or as to the means he attempted to adopt to get it.”
~ Sir Patrick Spen, the last Chief Justice of United India.
4. “Mr. Jinnah was the recipient of a devotion and loyalty seldom accord to any man.”
~ Harry S Truman, US President.
5. “If Muslim League had 100 Gandhis and 200 Abdul Kalam Azad and Congress had only one Jinnah than India would have never divided”
~ Vijay Laxmi Pandit
6. “Jinnah is Incorruptible and brave.”
~ Gandhi in an interview with Louis Fischer
7. “Jinnah was a historic personality which takes birth once in a Century.” ~ Mussolini
8. “Jinnah never made an agreement by bowing down to anyone but on equal basis.”
~ Lord Mountbatten
9. “Although without Gandhi, Hindustan would still have gained independence and without Lenin and Mao, Russia and China would still have endured Communist revolution, without Jinnah there would have been no Pakistan in 1947.”
~ John Biggs-Davison.
10. “I believe no power can buy Mr. Jinnah.”
~ Gandhi
11. “Good Character and Good Politics were those secrets due to which Jinnah got success”
~ Nehru
12. “Jinnah’s scheme of partition was good, (but) it would take at least 25 years to take shape. But great wars and great men shorten history, and Jinnah was such a man who could alter the history of a nation.”
~ Lord Lothian
13. “Muhammad Ali Jinnah is the only personality of India from whom whole nation has expectations.”
~ Allama Iqbal
14. “If Jinnah was in Sikhs they would worship him.”
~ Sardar Kartar Singh.
15. “Mr. Jinnah was one of the handsomest men I have ever seen; he combined the clear cut, almost Grecian features of the West with oriental grace and movement.”
~ Lord Wavell, Viceroy of India
(1943 – 1947)
16. “In that one decision, combining as it did sagacity, shrewdness, and unequalled political flair, he justified – I am convinced – my claim that he was the most remarkable of all the great statesmen that I have known. It puts him on a level with Bismarck.”
~ Agha Khan
17. “He set a great example to other statesmen to follow by his skill in negotiation, his integrity and his honesty.”
~ Gordon Johnson
18. “Gandhi died by the hands of an assassin; Jinnah died by his devotion to Pakistan.”
~ Lord Pethick Lawrence
19. “Mr. Jinnah, was great as a lawyer, once great as a Congressman, great as a leader of Muslims, great as a world politician and diplomat, and greatest of all as a man of action, By Mr. Jinnah’s passing away, the world has lost one of the greatest statesmen and Pakistan its life-giver, philosopher and guide.”
~ Surat Chandra Bose.
20. “I believe no power can buy Mr. Jinnah.”
~ Gandhi.
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While we are talking about creation & struggle for Pakistan, it may not be out of place for fellow members to read the following two articles:
The election that created Pakistan
Nadeem F. ParachaUpdated 11 May 2014
Even till the early and mid-1940s, the leadership of the All India Muslim League (AIML) wasn’t quite sure exactly what its status was among the sizeable Muslim minority of India.
In 1944, AIML’s leading man and strategist, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, while talking to reporters in Bombay (present-day Mumbai), was lamenting that even though his opponents in the Indian National Congress (INC) were doing much to undermine AIML’s influence among the region’s Muslims, more damage in this respect was being done by certain Muslim politicians and outfits.
Confessional religious parties like the Jamiat-i-Ulema-i-Hind (JUH), and radical right-wing outfits such as the Majlis-i-Ahrar and the Khaksar Movement were staunchly against the concept of ‘Muslim Nationalism’ being propagated by Jinnah and his party.
AIML’s Muslim Nationalism was derived from the thoughts of various Muslim intellectuals. Most of them had been inspired by the writings of 19th Century Muslim scholars such as Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Syed Ameer Ali.
Khan and Ali had pleaded to build a rational and modern Muslim middle-class in South Asia that would lead an intellectual and political movement to construct a distinct political and cultural identity for the Muslim minority of India.
But why were the AIML’s ideas in this regard being opposed by certain powerful Muslim groups?
JUH and radical groups like the Ahrar and the Khaksar believed that every Indian’s first goal should be independence from the British. They believed that Muslims of India were a significant minority (approximately 30per cent at the time) and (thus) would be in a position (after independence) to carve out a more powerful political, economic and cultural role for themselves in India.
They also claimed that AIML’s Muslim Nationalism was a construct based on the European idea of a nation-state and that Islam cannot be confined within the boundaries of nationalism.
AIML had performed poorly in most elections held in India’s Muslim-majority provinces. Bengal and Punjab contained the largest Muslim populations in undivided India. Though by the 1940s AIML had managed to make important inroads in Bengal, the party had been routed in Punjab in the elections held there in the 1930s.
In 1945 the British colonial government in India called for elections for the national and legislative assemblies. The election in the Punjab was to be held in February 1946.
The Congress’ aim was to win a majority in most provinces so it could press its claim to form a government of united (post-colonial) India. AIML’s goal was to win the polls in Muslim majority provinces so it could not only claim to be the largest Muslim party, but also assert its demand of carving out a separate Muslim nation-state from areas where the Muslims were in a majority.
The situation in the Punjab was tricky. Even though 57pc of Punjab’s population was Muslim, the AIML had badly lost the previous elections in the province.
Another defeat in the Punjab was guaranteed to deal a decisive blow to Jinnah and his party’s claims and demands.
The Congress understood this well and went all out to defeat the AIML in the Punjab.
The province was under the electoral dominance of the Unionists — a large outfit headed by Muslims belonging to the landed gentry and influential pirs (Muslim spiritual leaders). The party also had some Hindu and Sikh leaders.
In the last major election in the province (1937), the Unionists had won 95 seats (out of a total of 175). Congress had bagged 18 whereas the AIML had managed to win just one.
To guarantee another AIML thrashing in the Punjab, the Congress Party’s ace strategist, Sardar Patel, and the party’s leading Muslim leader, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, immediately went about constructing an airtight anti-AIML scenario.
The Congress, apart from contesting the election from its own platform (of Indian Nationalism), was also backing the Unionists in areas where the latter was expecting a tough fight from the AIML.
Apart from this, Patel dispatched a check of Rs50,000 (a hefty sum in those days) to Azad whose job it was to fund and co-ordinate anti-AIML Muslim groups such as the JUH, the Majlis-i-Ahrar and the Khaksar.
The Ahrar and the Khaksar enjoyed support among Punjab’s Muslim petty-bourgeoisies. These two parties (along with JUH), provided the Congress with fiery clerics who went about denouncing the AIML as being a party of ‘British agents,’ and ‘fake Muslims’.
The powerful Unionist Party on the other hand claimed that it alone was the true representative of Punjab’s Muslim majority.
Jinnah, who had till then been repulsed by populist political tactics, got together with Punjab’s AIML President, Khan of Mamdot, to chalk out a strategy to counter the ruckus being raised by the Congress with the help of the Unionists, the Ahrar, the Khaskar, the JUH and the Sikh nationalist outfit, the Akali dal.
Jinnah and Mamdot first brought in hundreds of members of AIML’s student-wing, the All India Muslim Students Federation (AIMSF), from various parts of India. Also brought in were members of the AIMSF’s women’s wing.
College and university students (both male and female) belonging to the AIMSF were dispatched across the Punjab in groups and asked to hold small rallies in the cities, villages and towns of the province.
They were to explain AIML’s manifesto as a fight against economic exploitation and a struggle to create a separate Muslim nation-state where there will be economic benefits for all and religious harmony.
To counter the fiery denouncements being aired by members of the Ahrar, the Khaksar and the JUH, the AIML managed to win the support of a group of JUH leaders who had disagreed with their party’s policy of siding with the Congress and the Unionists.
Led by Islamic scholar, Alama Shabir Ahmad Usmani, this batch of JUH renegades successfully began to counter the theological arguments (against a separate Muslim nation-state) being leveled by the anti-AIML clerics and ulema.
The anti-AIML clerics had accused the AIML of ‘misguiding the Muslims of India’ and working to keep the Muslims under the influence of the forces of exploitation. The pro-AIML clerics counter-attacked by accusing the Ahrar and other such outfits of being Congress agents who were working to keep the Muslims ‘under the thumb of India’s Hindu majority.’
AIML was also armed with a rather radical manifesto. Largely authored by one of the leading members of the AIML’s leftist lobby — Danial Latifi (a committed Socialist) — the manifesto promised sweeping land reforms, religious harmony and an end to economic exploitation.
Another (last minute) attainment that Jinnah and his party managed to achieve was the support of the influential pirs of the province. Punjab’s pirs had for long been associated with the Unionist Party, but just as the elections drew near, many of them were convinced by the AIML leadership to switch sides and become part of the AIML.
The voter turnout was high on the day of the polls. The Unionists were expected to win the bulk of the seats, followed by the Congress.
But the results shocked the Congress and the Unionists. The AIML managed to win 73 seats (out of 175). The Unionists could only bag 20. The Congress won 51 and the Sikh Akali dal 22.
The Ahrar and the Khaksars failed to win even a single seat. The AIML bagged the largest share of the total Muslim vote (65pc). Just 19pc of the Muslim votes went to Ahrar and the Khaksars.
Though the Congress, the Unionists and the Akali dal managed to form a wobbly and short-lived coalition government in the Punjab, AIML finally managed to augment itself as India’s largest Muslim party.
It also did well in two other Muslim majority provinces. It won 113 (out of 230) seats in the Bengal and 27 (out of 60) in Sindh.
The results greatly accelerated the party’s demand for a separate Muslim nation-state, and after winning the provincial election in another Muslim-majority region, the NWFP (in early/mid-1947), the party finally managed to carve out Pakistan from the rest of India (August 1947).
https://www.dawn.com/news/1105473
And
Sindh`s role in Pakistan movement
24 Jan 2010
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SINDH had never submitted to British subjugation and always played an important role in the struggle for Pakistan. The Muslims of Sindh supported the 'Jihad Movement' under the leadership of Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and also fought the British in the first war of independence of 1857.
Sindh was an important centre of activities during the Khilafat Movement. The Hijrat Tehrik also started in Sindh, when many Sindhi Muslims sold their properties and migrated to Afghanistan.
The separation of Sindh from the Bombay Presidency was the first step towards the foundation of Pakistan. When Muslims of Sindh realised the importance of separation of Sindh, the All India Muslim League passed a resolution in 1925 urging separation. The new leadership of Sindhi Muslims was more active in the movement for a separate province.
Subsequently, under the Government of India Act of 1935, Sindh was made a province with its own Legislative Assembly on April 1, 1936. After its initial reorganisation, the Sindh Provincial Muslim League Conference held its first session at Karachi in October 1938 under the presidentship of Quaid-i-Azam.
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The conference adopted a resolution which recommended to the All India Muslim League to devise a scheme of constitution under which Muslims may attain full independence. It was the province of Sindh which first adopted the resolution for an independent Muslim state.
The resolution was moved by Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi who recommended, “All India Muslim League should devise a scheme of constitution under which Muslims may attain full independence”.
A Muslim League Assembly party was established in Sindh ,of which Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah was elected leader and Mir Bandeh Ali Talpur deputy leader. The Quaid-i-Azam declared on the occasion that he was happy to see that the Muslim League had formed a parliamentary party in the Sindh Legislative Assembly and the Muslim majority in Sindh was in support of the policy and the programme of the Muslim League.
The Quaid's plea that India was never a united nation and that Muslim India had always been a separate entity was echoed by the late G.M. Syed, a member of the then working committee of the Muslim League and a Sindhi leader, who asserted that the Indus Valley civilisation as revealed by Moenjodaro was a clear indication that Pakistan territories had never formed part of India.
He went on to say that Sindh, Punjab, Afghanistan and the NWFP “formed part of the Middle East rather than of the Far East.”
It was only the Sindh Assembly, amongst all the provinces of undivided India, which passed a resolution on March 3, 1943, presented by the late G.M. Syed on the lines of the Lahore Resolution, in support of Pakistan.
On June 26, 1947 the Sindh Assembly, at a special session, decided to join the new Pakistan Constituent Assembly. Thus, Sindh became the first province to opt for Pakistan.
The members in Sindh who voted Pakistan are the founding fathers of Pakistan. It would be appropriate to pay them homage. They are Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, Mohammad Ayub Khuro, Mir Bunde Ali Khan Talpur, Pirzada Abdul Sattar, Mohammed Hashim Gazdar, Peer Elahi Bux, Miran Mohammad Shah, Mahmoud Haroon, Kazi Mohammad Akbar, Khan Sahib Ghulam Rasool Jatoi, Sardar Kaisar Khan Gazdar, Mir Jaffer Khan Jamali, Sardar Nabi Bux Soomro, Ghulam Mohammad Wassan, Sardar Noor Mohammad Bijarani, Ghulam Nabi Dheraj and Agha Badruddin, who presided over the session as speaker.
CHAGHTAI MIRZA EIJAZUDDIN
Karachi
https://www.dawn.com/news/871700/sindh-s-role-in-pakistan-movement
I wonder when people like who were born before 1947, would Pakistanis remember leaders like Abdul Majeed Sindhi, even now many younger Pakistanis I come across claim they never heard Abdul Majeed Sindhi, Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, Agha Badruddin, etc. For the record, Agha Badruddin was the uncle of the current Speaker of Sindh Assembly, Agha Siraj Durrani.
What I am trying to say is that the ordinary public must not forget that in addition to East Bengalis & Punjabis, Sindhi political leaders also played a key role in the creation of Pakistan.
The election that created Pakistan
Nadeem F. ParachaUpdated 11 May 2014
Even till the early and mid-1940s, the leadership of the All India Muslim League (AIML) wasn’t quite sure exactly what its status was among the sizeable Muslim minority of India.
In 1944, AIML’s leading man and strategist, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, while talking to reporters in Bombay (present-day Mumbai), was lamenting that even though his opponents in the Indian National Congress (INC) were doing much to undermine AIML’s influence among the region’s Muslims, more damage in this respect was being done by certain Muslim politicians and outfits.
Confessional religious parties like the Jamiat-i-Ulema-i-Hind (JUH), and radical right-wing outfits such as the Majlis-i-Ahrar and the Khaksar Movement were staunchly against the concept of ‘Muslim Nationalism’ being propagated by Jinnah and his party.
AIML’s Muslim Nationalism was derived from the thoughts of various Muslim intellectuals. Most of them had been inspired by the writings of 19th Century Muslim scholars such as Sir Syed Ahmed Khan and Syed Ameer Ali.
Khan and Ali had pleaded to build a rational and modern Muslim middle-class in South Asia that would lead an intellectual and political movement to construct a distinct political and cultural identity for the Muslim minority of India.
But why were the AIML’s ideas in this regard being opposed by certain powerful Muslim groups?
JUH and radical groups like the Ahrar and the Khaksar believed that every Indian’s first goal should be independence from the British. They believed that Muslims of India were a significant minority (approximately 30per cent at the time) and (thus) would be in a position (after independence) to carve out a more powerful political, economic and cultural role for themselves in India.
They also claimed that AIML’s Muslim Nationalism was a construct based on the European idea of a nation-state and that Islam cannot be confined within the boundaries of nationalism.
AIML had performed poorly in most elections held in India’s Muslim-majority provinces. Bengal and Punjab contained the largest Muslim populations in undivided India. Though by the 1940s AIML had managed to make important inroads in Bengal, the party had been routed in Punjab in the elections held there in the 1930s.
In 1945 the British colonial government in India called for elections for the national and legislative assemblies. The election in the Punjab was to be held in February 1946.
The Congress’ aim was to win a majority in most provinces so it could press its claim to form a government of united (post-colonial) India. AIML’s goal was to win the polls in Muslim majority provinces so it could not only claim to be the largest Muslim party, but also assert its demand of carving out a separate Muslim nation-state from areas where the Muslims were in a majority.
The situation in the Punjab was tricky. Even though 57pc of Punjab’s population was Muslim, the AIML had badly lost the previous elections in the province.
Another defeat in the Punjab was guaranteed to deal a decisive blow to Jinnah and his party’s claims and demands.
The Congress understood this well and went all out to defeat the AIML in the Punjab.
The province was under the electoral dominance of the Unionists — a large outfit headed by Muslims belonging to the landed gentry and influential pirs (Muslim spiritual leaders). The party also had some Hindu and Sikh leaders.
In the last major election in the province (1937), the Unionists had won 95 seats (out of a total of 175). Congress had bagged 18 whereas the AIML had managed to win just one.
To guarantee another AIML thrashing in the Punjab, the Congress Party’s ace strategist, Sardar Patel, and the party’s leading Muslim leader, Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad, immediately went about constructing an airtight anti-AIML scenario.
The Congress, apart from contesting the election from its own platform (of Indian Nationalism), was also backing the Unionists in areas where the latter was expecting a tough fight from the AIML.
Apart from this, Patel dispatched a check of Rs50,000 (a hefty sum in those days) to Azad whose job it was to fund and co-ordinate anti-AIML Muslim groups such as the JUH, the Majlis-i-Ahrar and the Khaksar.
The Ahrar and the Khaksar enjoyed support among Punjab’s Muslim petty-bourgeoisies. These two parties (along with JUH), provided the Congress with fiery clerics who went about denouncing the AIML as being a party of ‘British agents,’ and ‘fake Muslims’.
The powerful Unionist Party on the other hand claimed that it alone was the true representative of Punjab’s Muslim majority.
Jinnah, who had till then been repulsed by populist political tactics, got together with Punjab’s AIML President, Khan of Mamdot, to chalk out a strategy to counter the ruckus being raised by the Congress with the help of the Unionists, the Ahrar, the Khaskar, the JUH and the Sikh nationalist outfit, the Akali dal.
Jinnah and Mamdot first brought in hundreds of members of AIML’s student-wing, the All India Muslim Students Federation (AIMSF), from various parts of India. Also brought in were members of the AIMSF’s women’s wing.
College and university students (both male and female) belonging to the AIMSF were dispatched across the Punjab in groups and asked to hold small rallies in the cities, villages and towns of the province.
They were to explain AIML’s manifesto as a fight against economic exploitation and a struggle to create a separate Muslim nation-state where there will be economic benefits for all and religious harmony.
To counter the fiery denouncements being aired by members of the Ahrar, the Khaksar and the JUH, the AIML managed to win the support of a group of JUH leaders who had disagreed with their party’s policy of siding with the Congress and the Unionists.
Led by Islamic scholar, Alama Shabir Ahmad Usmani, this batch of JUH renegades successfully began to counter the theological arguments (against a separate Muslim nation-state) being leveled by the anti-AIML clerics and ulema.
The anti-AIML clerics had accused the AIML of ‘misguiding the Muslims of India’ and working to keep the Muslims under the influence of the forces of exploitation. The pro-AIML clerics counter-attacked by accusing the Ahrar and other such outfits of being Congress agents who were working to keep the Muslims ‘under the thumb of India’s Hindu majority.’
AIML was also armed with a rather radical manifesto. Largely authored by one of the leading members of the AIML’s leftist lobby — Danial Latifi (a committed Socialist) — the manifesto promised sweeping land reforms, religious harmony and an end to economic exploitation.
Another (last minute) attainment that Jinnah and his party managed to achieve was the support of the influential pirs of the province. Punjab’s pirs had for long been associated with the Unionist Party, but just as the elections drew near, many of them were convinced by the AIML leadership to switch sides and become part of the AIML.
The voter turnout was high on the day of the polls. The Unionists were expected to win the bulk of the seats, followed by the Congress.
But the results shocked the Congress and the Unionists. The AIML managed to win 73 seats (out of 175). The Unionists could only bag 20. The Congress won 51 and the Sikh Akali dal 22.
The Ahrar and the Khaksars failed to win even a single seat. The AIML bagged the largest share of the total Muslim vote (65pc). Just 19pc of the Muslim votes went to Ahrar and the Khaksars.
Though the Congress, the Unionists and the Akali dal managed to form a wobbly and short-lived coalition government in the Punjab, AIML finally managed to augment itself as India’s largest Muslim party.
It also did well in two other Muslim majority provinces. It won 113 (out of 230) seats in the Bengal and 27 (out of 60) in Sindh.
The results greatly accelerated the party’s demand for a separate Muslim nation-state, and after winning the provincial election in another Muslim-majority region, the NWFP (in early/mid-1947), the party finally managed to carve out Pakistan from the rest of India (August 1947).
https://www.dawn.com/news/1105473
And
Sindh`s role in Pakistan movement
24 Jan 2010
Facebook Count
Twitter Share
0
SINDH had never submitted to British subjugation and always played an important role in the struggle for Pakistan. The Muslims of Sindh supported the 'Jihad Movement' under the leadership of Syed Ahmed Shaheed Barelvi and also fought the British in the first war of independence of 1857.
Sindh was an important centre of activities during the Khilafat Movement. The Hijrat Tehrik also started in Sindh, when many Sindhi Muslims sold their properties and migrated to Afghanistan.
The separation of Sindh from the Bombay Presidency was the first step towards the foundation of Pakistan. When Muslims of Sindh realised the importance of separation of Sindh, the All India Muslim League passed a resolution in 1925 urging separation. The new leadership of Sindhi Muslims was more active in the movement for a separate province.
Subsequently, under the Government of India Act of 1935, Sindh was made a province with its own Legislative Assembly on April 1, 1936. After its initial reorganisation, the Sindh Provincial Muslim League Conference held its first session at Karachi in October 1938 under the presidentship of Quaid-i-Azam.
Article continues after ad
The conference adopted a resolution which recommended to the All India Muslim League to devise a scheme of constitution under which Muslims may attain full independence. It was the province of Sindh which first adopted the resolution for an independent Muslim state.
The resolution was moved by Shaikh Abdul Majeed Sindhi who recommended, “All India Muslim League should devise a scheme of constitution under which Muslims may attain full independence”.
A Muslim League Assembly party was established in Sindh ,of which Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah was elected leader and Mir Bandeh Ali Talpur deputy leader. The Quaid-i-Azam declared on the occasion that he was happy to see that the Muslim League had formed a parliamentary party in the Sindh Legislative Assembly and the Muslim majority in Sindh was in support of the policy and the programme of the Muslim League.
The Quaid's plea that India was never a united nation and that Muslim India had always been a separate entity was echoed by the late G.M. Syed, a member of the then working committee of the Muslim League and a Sindhi leader, who asserted that the Indus Valley civilisation as revealed by Moenjodaro was a clear indication that Pakistan territories had never formed part of India.
He went on to say that Sindh, Punjab, Afghanistan and the NWFP “formed part of the Middle East rather than of the Far East.”
It was only the Sindh Assembly, amongst all the provinces of undivided India, which passed a resolution on March 3, 1943, presented by the late G.M. Syed on the lines of the Lahore Resolution, in support of Pakistan.
On June 26, 1947 the Sindh Assembly, at a special session, decided to join the new Pakistan Constituent Assembly. Thus, Sindh became the first province to opt for Pakistan.
The members in Sindh who voted Pakistan are the founding fathers of Pakistan. It would be appropriate to pay them homage. They are Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, Mohammad Ayub Khuro, Mir Bunde Ali Khan Talpur, Pirzada Abdul Sattar, Mohammed Hashim Gazdar, Peer Elahi Bux, Miran Mohammad Shah, Mahmoud Haroon, Kazi Mohammad Akbar, Khan Sahib Ghulam Rasool Jatoi, Sardar Kaisar Khan Gazdar, Mir Jaffer Khan Jamali, Sardar Nabi Bux Soomro, Ghulam Mohammad Wassan, Sardar Noor Mohammad Bijarani, Ghulam Nabi Dheraj and Agha Badruddin, who presided over the session as speaker.
CHAGHTAI MIRZA EIJAZUDDIN
Karachi
https://www.dawn.com/news/871700/sindh-s-role-in-pakistan-movement
I wonder when people like who were born before 1947, would Pakistanis remember leaders like Abdul Majeed Sindhi, even now many younger Pakistanis I come across claim they never heard Abdul Majeed Sindhi, Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah, Agha Badruddin, etc. For the record, Agha Badruddin was the uncle of the current Speaker of Sindh Assembly, Agha Siraj Durrani.
What I am trying to say is that the ordinary public must not forget that in addition to East Bengalis & Punjabis, Sindhi political leaders also played a key role in the creation of Pakistan.
Green Arrow
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