Huaren
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Recently after running though several history related forum I am quite interested in the origin and evolution of political system until the modern era, I would like to hear more opinion and knowledge on this topic.
While the origins in all nations (with more clear and united identity throughout history) are clouded in (semi-)legend with connection between various different local culture, the historical pattern is becoming more clear with more detailed records, for example in case of China from what I have read so far its like the following path:
1. Various independent tribes and city states.
2. Confederacy of tribes (formed under significant threat of hostile human and/or nature origin) with united representative (single official "emperor/king/heaven King/son of heaven" as spiritual leader), chosen by most fame in the realm and by recommendation of previous leader and with prove by definition of mandate of heaven in general public, also with large autonomy for each tribes.
3. Feudalistic Kingdom(s), single united representative ("king/heaven King/son of heaven") take political leadership in addition to spiritual role being the ruler of the strongest kingdom in realm, "chosen" under heredity and proven by mandate of heaven in general public. All other semi independent leaders serve as lower nobles for the liege lord/king (in name), volatile struggles among nobles and king competing for power and land.
4. Centralized Empire, single representative ("emperor/son of heaven") under heredity and proven by mandate of heaven in general public, absolute ruler in both political and spiritual realm, system of officials and bureaucracy established instead of power for the nobles. Tributary system established to manage foreign relation.
5. Single party republic with communist, socialist, authoritarian and coporatist elements, represented by high officials chosen by hierarchical elections. decentralised administration on provincial levels. Abolishment of mandate of heaven as system for legitimacy in exchange for ideological conviction for a few decades, after which is again changed to general faith in national development / progress.
Any correction/adition and similiar info for other eastasian nations will be welcome.
While the origins in all nations (with more clear and united identity throughout history) are clouded in (semi-)legend with connection between various different local culture, the historical pattern is becoming more clear with more detailed records, for example in case of China from what I have read so far its like the following path:
1. Various independent tribes and city states.
2. Confederacy of tribes (formed under significant threat of hostile human and/or nature origin) with united representative (single official "emperor/king/heaven King/son of heaven" as spiritual leader), chosen by most fame in the realm and by recommendation of previous leader and with prove by definition of mandate of heaven in general public, also with large autonomy for each tribes.
3. Feudalistic Kingdom(s), single united representative ("king/heaven King/son of heaven") take political leadership in addition to spiritual role being the ruler of the strongest kingdom in realm, "chosen" under heredity and proven by mandate of heaven in general public. All other semi independent leaders serve as lower nobles for the liege lord/king (in name), volatile struggles among nobles and king competing for power and land.
4. Centralized Empire, single representative ("emperor/son of heaven") under heredity and proven by mandate of heaven in general public, absolute ruler in both political and spiritual realm, system of officials and bureaucracy established instead of power for the nobles. Tributary system established to manage foreign relation.
5. Single party republic with communist, socialist, authoritarian and coporatist elements, represented by high officials chosen by hierarchical elections. decentralised administration on provincial levels. Abolishment of mandate of heaven as system for legitimacy in exchange for ideological conviction for a few decades, after which is again changed to general faith in national development / progress.
Any correction/adition and similiar info for other eastasian nations will be welcome.
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