Clarification:
HAL doesn't do design, that's done by ADA. HAL is only responsible for manufacturing and small projects based on tech absorption (like Dhruv & LCH).
+ 1
No point under-estimating the hi-fi science of Systems Engineering. Naive to think something, anything cannot be done re: engg.
I once worked on Joint Strike Fighter project, turbine engg. side- as systems eng.
Making anything complex is called a 'system engineering' job. 1 takes a modular, project and sub-system (.. hehe ... some desi ppl. call it 'sub assembly' only ) based approach. So strap together whole lot of sub-systems, mostly off-the-shelf; ... and then ...1-2-3 ..testing ... testing ... testing. Keep ratcheting and teasing the req.'s into the System to 'fill-the-order'. Give hell to the testers- usually bright eyed, bush tailed green horns right out of college. Throw a pizza par-tee efree other week-end. Lazy Co.'s will ewen outsource all of that **** to. Big agencies/Co.'s ... do it like motherhood. In the biz same are called 'systems integrators'.
Whole 'system' is made of sub-systems. And sub-sub-systems. And sub-sub-sub system's ok. Bi the time u come to the grass-roots sub.'s, there is enough competition that technology starts to become more neutral, other factors also take precedence. Their are lots of 'independents', professors angling for funding, and consultants who will do the job for u at that sub level on a project - bi - project basis. Then meow on and do same for the competition. Binding them with 'Geographical' restraint contracts works only so-so. There's always a work-around that eg . foreign competitors jump-in, Ppl. work through friends, relatives, from abroad. What to do?
Important thing is to know what u want, u gotta know what to order! Req. engg. From an insider view, it is only as scalable in degrees of complexity as putting together a motorcycle or ... hehe ... Mrooti. Believe me, a bunch of well funded project and line managers can do a lot , ... try me.
I'll make u a 5'th gen. jet ... or anything ... just hook-it-up with enough funding, I will deliver ... pro ... promis ... Pucca Promise!