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by Moin Ansari
All systems are go. Pakistans reach into space is about to take a huge leap within a few months. Pakistan launches its first indigenously produced satellite Paksat-1R in a couple of years. Although this satellite will be launched with Chinese help, Pakistan is developing and will soon have its own Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV). Pakistan already has a headstart on intermediate ballistic missiles, and has the technology, intelligence and resources to convert military missiles to space technology. Muhafiz e Pakistan A.Q. Khan confirms it. Pakistan has very robust IRBMs which can launch geostationary orbiting satellites. All Pakistan has to do is to erase Delhi or Kolkota from the target and point it towards the sky. Instead of Hydrogen bombs and Atomic bombs the missiles can easily carry a payload of a satellite.
Pakistan has a communications satellite, Paksat-1, in orbit, providing coverage across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and the South Asian subcontinent. It is being used by TV broadcasters, telecom companies, data and broadband internet service providers and government organisations.
Dr Mohammad Riaz Suddle Director of SUPARCO says that Pakistans new communication satellite would be launched on August 14, 2011.
Pakistan Space Agency (SUPARCO) to launch 3 satellites in 3 years Paksat-1R and Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite (PRSS) would be launched in the near future
Dr A.Q. Khans reported statement in March 2001, in which he had claimed that Pakistani scientists were in the process of building the countrys first SLV and that the project had been assigned to Suparco.
Reports quoting credible sources said that Pakistan is also working on development of Satellite Launch Vehicles (SLVs), basing their assumption on Pakistans success in developing intermediate range ballistic missiles.
Pakistani defense based on missile nuclear deterrent. Hatf, Shaheen, Ghauri, Babar and Abdali are far more advanced then previously thought
Cloaked in absolute secrecy, missile development in Pakistan began in the 80s. To diversify its technological base, Pakistan uses domestic competition between its local vedorsto come up withthe best product. Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, Pakistan has invested in both solid-motor and liquid-engine ballistic missile programs.
Pakistans reasons for investing in both solid- and liquid-propulsion technologies remain unclear. However, analysts speculate the rival programs could be the result of intra-institutional rivalry and one-upmanship between the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and Khan Research Laboratories (KRL), which have historically feuded over control and credits for Pakistan nuclear weapons-related efforts. This rivalry may have also carried over to the development of nuclear delivery systems. Furthermore, the diversification effort could also be viewed as a proactive attempt on the part of Pakistans military to factor in possible bottlenecks or failure along one technological front, as well as an attempt to diversify suppliers in the face of U.S. efforts to restrict the international trade in weapons of mass destruction-capable ballistic and cruise missile technologies. Source: NTI
Pakistans Space Agency
Pakistan will launch its first indigenously developed communications satellite on August 14, 2011, from a facility in China.Speaking to Dawn, Dr Mohammad Riaz Suddle, the director of the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commissions (Suparco) satellite research and development centre in Lahore, said the satellites life span will be 15 years.Responding to a question, Dr Suddle said the satellite would be launched at a longitude of 38 degrees in geostationary orbit on the equatorial plane at an altitude of 36,000km above the Earths surface.
Paksat-1R will carry a communications payload to facilitate the introduction of a range of new services, including broadband internet, digital TV distribution/broadcasting, remote/rural telephony, emergency communications, tele-education and tele-medicine.
The contract for Pakis- tan Communication Satellite (Paksat-1R) was signed between Suparco and China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC), a Chinese firm, on October 15, 2008, in Beijing, during President Asif Zardaris visit to China.
Work on the execution of the contract began soon after, and is progressing as scheduled, according to Dr Suddle. He did not reveal the cost of the project, but said the contract involves various other projects, including infrastructure, and therefore it is difficult to put an exact cost on the satellite itself.
Responding to a question, he said that at least two new satellites Paksat-1R and Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite (PRSS) would be launched in the near future.
The satellites have been developed with technical and financial assistance from China.
The project has been approved by the federal government as part of the Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP), he said.
When quizzed on where the finances for the project were coming from, Dr Suddle said that efforts are under way to secure a long-term concessional loan from the Chinese government to finance a major part of the project. Dawn
Pakistan has use a variant of the Shaheen II as a SLV which is an intermediate range ballistic missile (IRBM):
Hatf-VI (IRBM) Shaheen II is Pakistans longest-range ballistic missile system with a range of 2000 kilometers and has the potential to achieve 2500 kilometers in an advanced version. It is a two-stage solid fuel missile which can carry nuclear and conventional warheads with high accuracy.
April 26, 2008: Pakistan announced that, after nearly a decade of development, its Hatf VI IRBM (Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile) is ready for service. The system, also called Shaheen II, has a range of 2,000 kilometers, can carry a nuclear warhead, and hit any part of India. At least a dozen of these missiles are being built, and moved around on mobile transporter/launchers. The Hatf VI will be a major part of Pakistans nuclear deterrent against Indian invasion
a 700-2,500km-range missile dubbed as the Shaheen-II, about which little is known.[30] Mock-ups of the missile displayed during the National Day celebrations in March 2003 suggest that it is a two-stage, solid-motor, road mobile system, transported on a 12-wheel TEL vehicle. Analysts speculate that the Shaheen-II is possibly a two-stage version of the M-9, or more likely a copy of the M-18, which was publicly displayed at an exhibition in Beijing in either 1987 or 1988. The M-18 was originally advertised as a two-stage system with a payload capacity of 400-500kg over a range of 1,000km.[31] U.S. intelligence sources suggest that Pakistan remains heavily reliant on external assistance for the Shaheen-II program and that China is actively assisting Pakistan through the supply of missile components, specialty materials, dual-use items, and other miscellaneous forms of technical assistance.[32].
Development flight tests of the Shaheen-II began in March 2004 when a 26-ton missile was launched from Pakistans Somiani Flight Test Range on the Arabian Sea.[33] According to the Chairman of Pakistans National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM) Dr. Samar Mubarakmand, the missile covered a distance of 1,800km during the test. [34]. The missile was tested in March 2005, April 2006, and February 2007.[55] Subsequently, reports in summer 2007 stated that Pakistan had begun the process of deployment of the Shaheen-II.[53]
The missiles basic airframe is made from steel, although some sections may be crafted out of aluminum. The propulsion system is a liquid rocket engine that uses a storablecombination of inhibited red fuming nitric acid and kerosene. During the boost phase, four jet vanes are used for thrust vector control. It is also believed that the missile uses three body-mounted gyros for attitude and lateral acceleration control. In addition, a pendulum integration gyro assembly serves for speed control. The [] range and throw weight has been variously estimated between 800-1,500km and 700-1,300kg, respectively.
Pakistan could also use the Hataf IV or the Shaheen I as a SLV to launch its own satellites.
Hatf IV. The DF-15/M-9 (NATO designation CSS-6) is a single-stage, solid-propellant, road mobile, short-range ballistic missile. It can reportedly deliver a 500kg warhead over a range of 600km; other reports suggest that with a smaller warhead, the missile could have a range of 800km. Pakistani government statements suggest that the missiles in Pakistans possession have a maximum range of 700-800km. Like the M-11 missiles, control during boost phase is exercised through exhaust vanes or small scale vernier motors. The M-9 has a reported 300m circular error probability (CEP) and is believed to employ some form of terminal guidance. Analysts suggest that the missile has a strapdowninertial guidance system with an onboarddigital computer, .which enables rapid targeting and eliminates need for wind corrections prior to launch. Unconfirmed reports suggest that the separating warhead section has a miniature propulsion system to correct the attitude before re-entry, as well as adjusting the terminal trajectory.Source NTI
Shaheen 1:The high-precision Shaheen-1 missile has a range of up to 700 kilometers (about 440 miles).
Speaking about the status of Pakistans space programme in comparison to that of other countries in the region, Dr Suddle asserted that Pakistans space/satellite development programme needs to make rapid and sustained progress to meet national needs..
At present, Pakistan has a communications satellite, Paksat-1, in orbit, providing coverage across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and the South Asian subcontinent. It is being used by TV broadcasters, telecom companies, data and broadband internet service providers and government organisations.
Paksat-1R will replace Paksat-1, a leased satellite, to ensure continuity of service.
In the 1990s, Pakistan also operated a small satellite, Badr-A, in low earth orbit. The countrys modest space program, however, has been more oriented towards remote sensing applications.
Badr-A was Pakistans first indigenously developed satellite and was launched from the Xichang Launch Centre in China on July 16, 1990 aboard a Chinese Long March 2E rocket. Badr-A weighed 150 pounds, and was inserted into an elliptical orbit of 127-615 miles by the rocket. The satellite successfully completed its design life.
Pakistans second satellite, Badr-B, was an earth observation satellite and was launched on Dec 10, 2001, on a Zenit-2 rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. It was designed by Space Innovations Limited, a UK-based company.
Paksat-1 was Pakistans first geostationary satellite. It was originally known as Palapa C1, was launched in 1996 and had been designed to serve Indonesia. After an electronics failure, it was renamed Anatolia-1 and then renamed again to become Paksat-1 in 2002. It was originally manufactured by Boeing and uses the HS601 spacecraft design.
Suparco set about trying to replace Paksat-1 by signing a consultancy deal with Telesat in March 2007, under which the company will advise Pakistan on the purchase, manufacture and launch of Paksat-1R. Under the agreement, Telesat will help Suparcofind a manufacturer and provide technical and commercial advice during the negotiations process. Telesatwill also help to oversee the construction of the new satellite and will monitor the launch and provide in-orbit testing services. Dawn
Pakistan to launch its first communications satellite on August 14, 2011
Reports quoting credible sources said that Pakistan is also working on development of Satellite Launch Vehicles (SLVs), basing their assumption on Pakistans success in developing intermediate range ballistic missiles.
Experts believe the missile technology will be used in any SLV. The Indian SLV-3/ASLV uses Agni ballistic missiles as first stage propulsion units and as boosters.
Suparcohas already tested two high-altitude sounding rockets: Shahpar and Rakhnum. Shahparis a seven metre solid fuel two-stage rocket that can carry a payload of 55 kilograms to an altitude of 450 kilometres. Rakhnumcan lift a payload of 38kg to an altitude of 100km.
Although Dr Suddle says that Pakistans new communication satellite would be launched on August 14, 2011, judging from Pakistans progress in ballistic missile technology, analysts do not rule out the possibility that Suparco may just be waiting for the right moment to test Pakistans first satellite launch vehicle.
In this context, they cite Dr A.Q. Khans reported statement in March 2001, in which he had claimed that Pakistani scientists were in the process of building the countrys first SLV and that the project had been assigned to Suparco.
According to reports published in March 2005, former president and retired general Pervez Musharraf had authorised renewed research and development on an indigenous launch capability that would be able to put into orbit a domestically built satellite, Paksat-1R. Source: Dawn website, Karachi, in English 13 Apr 09.
Pakistan?s indigenous Satellite launch Vehicle (SLV) & PakSat launch in 2011 Pak Alert Press
All systems are go. Pakistans reach into space is about to take a huge leap within a few months. Pakistan launches its first indigenously produced satellite Paksat-1R in a couple of years. Although this satellite will be launched with Chinese help, Pakistan is developing and will soon have its own Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV). Pakistan already has a headstart on intermediate ballistic missiles, and has the technology, intelligence and resources to convert military missiles to space technology. Muhafiz e Pakistan A.Q. Khan confirms it. Pakistan has very robust IRBMs which can launch geostationary orbiting satellites. All Pakistan has to do is to erase Delhi or Kolkota from the target and point it towards the sky. Instead of Hydrogen bombs and Atomic bombs the missiles can easily carry a payload of a satellite.
Pakistan has a communications satellite, Paksat-1, in orbit, providing coverage across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and the South Asian subcontinent. It is being used by TV broadcasters, telecom companies, data and broadband internet service providers and government organisations.
Dr Mohammad Riaz Suddle Director of SUPARCO says that Pakistans new communication satellite would be launched on August 14, 2011.
Pakistan Space Agency (SUPARCO) to launch 3 satellites in 3 years Paksat-1R and Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite (PRSS) would be launched in the near future
Dr A.Q. Khans reported statement in March 2001, in which he had claimed that Pakistani scientists were in the process of building the countrys first SLV and that the project had been assigned to Suparco.
Reports quoting credible sources said that Pakistan is also working on development of Satellite Launch Vehicles (SLVs), basing their assumption on Pakistans success in developing intermediate range ballistic missiles.
Pakistani defense based on missile nuclear deterrent. Hatf, Shaheen, Ghauri, Babar and Abdali are far more advanced then previously thought
Cloaked in absolute secrecy, missile development in Pakistan began in the 80s. To diversify its technological base, Pakistan uses domestic competition between its local vedorsto come up withthe best product. Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, Pakistan has invested in both solid-motor and liquid-engine ballistic missile programs.
Pakistans reasons for investing in both solid- and liquid-propulsion technologies remain unclear. However, analysts speculate the rival programs could be the result of intra-institutional rivalry and one-upmanship between the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) and Khan Research Laboratories (KRL), which have historically feuded over control and credits for Pakistan nuclear weapons-related efforts. This rivalry may have also carried over to the development of nuclear delivery systems. Furthermore, the diversification effort could also be viewed as a proactive attempt on the part of Pakistans military to factor in possible bottlenecks or failure along one technological front, as well as an attempt to diversify suppliers in the face of U.S. efforts to restrict the international trade in weapons of mass destruction-capable ballistic and cruise missile technologies. Source: NTI
Pakistans Space Agency
Pakistan will launch its first indigenously developed communications satellite on August 14, 2011, from a facility in China.Speaking to Dawn, Dr Mohammad Riaz Suddle, the director of the Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commissions (Suparco) satellite research and development centre in Lahore, said the satellites life span will be 15 years.Responding to a question, Dr Suddle said the satellite would be launched at a longitude of 38 degrees in geostationary orbit on the equatorial plane at an altitude of 36,000km above the Earths surface.
Paksat-1R will carry a communications payload to facilitate the introduction of a range of new services, including broadband internet, digital TV distribution/broadcasting, remote/rural telephony, emergency communications, tele-education and tele-medicine.
The contract for Pakis- tan Communication Satellite (Paksat-1R) was signed between Suparco and China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC), a Chinese firm, on October 15, 2008, in Beijing, during President Asif Zardaris visit to China.
Work on the execution of the contract began soon after, and is progressing as scheduled, according to Dr Suddle. He did not reveal the cost of the project, but said the contract involves various other projects, including infrastructure, and therefore it is difficult to put an exact cost on the satellite itself.
Responding to a question, he said that at least two new satellites Paksat-1R and Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite (PRSS) would be launched in the near future.
The satellites have been developed with technical and financial assistance from China.
The project has been approved by the federal government as part of the Public Sector Development Programme (PSDP), he said.
When quizzed on where the finances for the project were coming from, Dr Suddle said that efforts are under way to secure a long-term concessional loan from the Chinese government to finance a major part of the project. Dawn
Pakistan has use a variant of the Shaheen II as a SLV which is an intermediate range ballistic missile (IRBM):
Hatf-VI (IRBM) Shaheen II is Pakistans longest-range ballistic missile system with a range of 2000 kilometers and has the potential to achieve 2500 kilometers in an advanced version. It is a two-stage solid fuel missile which can carry nuclear and conventional warheads with high accuracy.
April 26, 2008: Pakistan announced that, after nearly a decade of development, its Hatf VI IRBM (Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile) is ready for service. The system, also called Shaheen II, has a range of 2,000 kilometers, can carry a nuclear warhead, and hit any part of India. At least a dozen of these missiles are being built, and moved around on mobile transporter/launchers. The Hatf VI will be a major part of Pakistans nuclear deterrent against Indian invasion
a 700-2,500km-range missile dubbed as the Shaheen-II, about which little is known.[30] Mock-ups of the missile displayed during the National Day celebrations in March 2003 suggest that it is a two-stage, solid-motor, road mobile system, transported on a 12-wheel TEL vehicle. Analysts speculate that the Shaheen-II is possibly a two-stage version of the M-9, or more likely a copy of the M-18, which was publicly displayed at an exhibition in Beijing in either 1987 or 1988. The M-18 was originally advertised as a two-stage system with a payload capacity of 400-500kg over a range of 1,000km.[31] U.S. intelligence sources suggest that Pakistan remains heavily reliant on external assistance for the Shaheen-II program and that China is actively assisting Pakistan through the supply of missile components, specialty materials, dual-use items, and other miscellaneous forms of technical assistance.[32].
Development flight tests of the Shaheen-II began in March 2004 when a 26-ton missile was launched from Pakistans Somiani Flight Test Range on the Arabian Sea.[33] According to the Chairman of Pakistans National Engineering and Scientific Commission (NESCOM) Dr. Samar Mubarakmand, the missile covered a distance of 1,800km during the test. [34]. The missile was tested in March 2005, April 2006, and February 2007.[55] Subsequently, reports in summer 2007 stated that Pakistan had begun the process of deployment of the Shaheen-II.[53]
The missiles basic airframe is made from steel, although some sections may be crafted out of aluminum. The propulsion system is a liquid rocket engine that uses a storablecombination of inhibited red fuming nitric acid and kerosene. During the boost phase, four jet vanes are used for thrust vector control. It is also believed that the missile uses three body-mounted gyros for attitude and lateral acceleration control. In addition, a pendulum integration gyro assembly serves for speed control. The [] range and throw weight has been variously estimated between 800-1,500km and 700-1,300kg, respectively.
Pakistan could also use the Hataf IV or the Shaheen I as a SLV to launch its own satellites.
Hatf IV. The DF-15/M-9 (NATO designation CSS-6) is a single-stage, solid-propellant, road mobile, short-range ballistic missile. It can reportedly deliver a 500kg warhead over a range of 600km; other reports suggest that with a smaller warhead, the missile could have a range of 800km. Pakistani government statements suggest that the missiles in Pakistans possession have a maximum range of 700-800km. Like the M-11 missiles, control during boost phase is exercised through exhaust vanes or small scale vernier motors. The M-9 has a reported 300m circular error probability (CEP) and is believed to employ some form of terminal guidance. Analysts suggest that the missile has a strapdowninertial guidance system with an onboarddigital computer, .which enables rapid targeting and eliminates need for wind corrections prior to launch. Unconfirmed reports suggest that the separating warhead section has a miniature propulsion system to correct the attitude before re-entry, as well as adjusting the terminal trajectory.Source NTI
Shaheen 1:The high-precision Shaheen-1 missile has a range of up to 700 kilometers (about 440 miles).
Speaking about the status of Pakistans space programme in comparison to that of other countries in the region, Dr Suddle asserted that Pakistans space/satellite development programme needs to make rapid and sustained progress to meet national needs..
At present, Pakistan has a communications satellite, Paksat-1, in orbit, providing coverage across Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and the South Asian subcontinent. It is being used by TV broadcasters, telecom companies, data and broadband internet service providers and government organisations.
Paksat-1R will replace Paksat-1, a leased satellite, to ensure continuity of service.
In the 1990s, Pakistan also operated a small satellite, Badr-A, in low earth orbit. The countrys modest space program, however, has been more oriented towards remote sensing applications.
Badr-A was Pakistans first indigenously developed satellite and was launched from the Xichang Launch Centre in China on July 16, 1990 aboard a Chinese Long March 2E rocket. Badr-A weighed 150 pounds, and was inserted into an elliptical orbit of 127-615 miles by the rocket. The satellite successfully completed its design life.
Pakistans second satellite, Badr-B, was an earth observation satellite and was launched on Dec 10, 2001, on a Zenit-2 rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. It was designed by Space Innovations Limited, a UK-based company.
Paksat-1 was Pakistans first geostationary satellite. It was originally known as Palapa C1, was launched in 1996 and had been designed to serve Indonesia. After an electronics failure, it was renamed Anatolia-1 and then renamed again to become Paksat-1 in 2002. It was originally manufactured by Boeing and uses the HS601 spacecraft design.
Suparco set about trying to replace Paksat-1 by signing a consultancy deal with Telesat in March 2007, under which the company will advise Pakistan on the purchase, manufacture and launch of Paksat-1R. Under the agreement, Telesat will help Suparcofind a manufacturer and provide technical and commercial advice during the negotiations process. Telesatwill also help to oversee the construction of the new satellite and will monitor the launch and provide in-orbit testing services. Dawn
Pakistan to launch its first communications satellite on August 14, 2011
Reports quoting credible sources said that Pakistan is also working on development of Satellite Launch Vehicles (SLVs), basing their assumption on Pakistans success in developing intermediate range ballistic missiles.
Experts believe the missile technology will be used in any SLV. The Indian SLV-3/ASLV uses Agni ballistic missiles as first stage propulsion units and as boosters.
Suparcohas already tested two high-altitude sounding rockets: Shahpar and Rakhnum. Shahparis a seven metre solid fuel two-stage rocket that can carry a payload of 55 kilograms to an altitude of 450 kilometres. Rakhnumcan lift a payload of 38kg to an altitude of 100km.
Although Dr Suddle says that Pakistans new communication satellite would be launched on August 14, 2011, judging from Pakistans progress in ballistic missile technology, analysts do not rule out the possibility that Suparco may just be waiting for the right moment to test Pakistans first satellite launch vehicle.
In this context, they cite Dr A.Q. Khans reported statement in March 2001, in which he had claimed that Pakistani scientists were in the process of building the countrys first SLV and that the project had been assigned to Suparco.
According to reports published in March 2005, former president and retired general Pervez Musharraf had authorised renewed research and development on an indigenous launch capability that would be able to put into orbit a domestically built satellite, Paksat-1R. Source: Dawn website, Karachi, in English 13 Apr 09.
Pakistan?s indigenous Satellite launch Vehicle (SLV) & PakSat launch in 2011 Pak Alert Press
