September 7, 2006
Musharraf Vows to Aid Afghanistan in Fighting Taliban
By CARLOTTA GALL
KABUL, Afghanistan, Sept. 6 ââ¬â President Pervez Musharraf of Pakistan, on a two-day visit to shore up relations, promised Wednesday
to help Afghanistan combat the worsening Taliban insurgency, which operates from his country.
Relations between the nations have deteriorated badly this year as the insurgency has bloomed, and President Hamid Karzai of Afghanistan has blamed Pakistan for providing a haven to militants and suicide bombers.
Mr. Karzai has called on the United States and its NATO allies, whose troops are deployed and dying in increasing numbers in southern Afghanistan,
to press Pakistan to clamp down on the Islamic militants, which Pakistan has long used as an arm of foreign policy to pressure neighboring rivals, Afghanistan and India.
American and other foreign diplomats have been pushing for closer ties between Afghanistan and Pakistan as the only way to resolve the insurgency and regional terrorism in the long term.
The meeting on Wednesday came before state visits by General Musharraf and Mr. Karzai to Washington this month, and a meeting they are scheduled to hold with President Bush.
After a one-on-one session that ran well over its scheduled time, General Musharraf and Mr. Karzai emerged with promises of greater cooperation, but hanging over all the declarations were questions about Pakistanââ¬â¢s support for the insurgents, and whether General Musharraf would follow through on his promises.
ââ¬ÅWe hope very soon we can remove the obstacles between the two countries in our relations,ââ¬Â Mr. Karzai said at a joint news briefing at the presidential palace in Kabul. ââ¬ÅI am very happy today that President Musharraf assured me that he is going to try his best to get rid of this sickness in the region,ââ¬Â he said.
General Musharraf said he had come on a ââ¬Åmission to iron out any possible misconceptionsââ¬Â as to Pakistanââ¬â¢s intentions for Afghanistan. ââ¬ÅThere is only one option, and that one option is to have brotherly relations between our two countries.ââ¬Â
Pakistan and Afghanistan have waged a war of words for the last six months, since Mr. Karzai visited Islamabad in February and presented General Musharraf with an intelligence dossier on Taliban leaders who used Pakistan as a sanctuary.
General Musharraf dismissed the intelligence as out of date and ââ¬Ånonsense.ââ¬Â
His latitude to crack down on the Taliban has been constrained by the influence of Islamic parties in his government and some popular support for Islamic militancy, particularly in the border areas where his government has limited control.
General Musharraf said an agreement his government signed with militants in the Pakistani border region of North Waziristan on Tuesday was intended to end attacks on Afghanistan and training or militant activity on both sides of the border.
ââ¬ÅNo militant activity, no training activity, they have accepted this,ââ¬Â General Musharraf said. ââ¬ÅThis is the bottom line of the peace agreement.ââ¬Â
Mr. Karzai expressed concerns about the agreement, which many analysts interpreted as allowing sanctuary for the militants in return for stopping attacks on Pakistani security forces, but he called it a positive step. ââ¬ÅLetââ¬â¢s see how it is going to be implemented and what will happen,ââ¬Â he said.
The United States is taking a harder look at Pakistanââ¬â¢s role in the Taliban insurgency, Afghan and American officials here said. Seth G. Jones, a political scientist at the RAND Corporation, said that after talks with military, security and diplomatic officials in Afghanistan, there was increasing evidence that Pakistani intelligence agents had been financing, training, providing intelligence and assistance to Taliban insurgents.
The Taliban have staged a resurgence in Afghanistan, Mr. Jones said, because they benefit from a haven across the border in Pakistan and enjoy state support. Whether the orders come from General Musharraf himself is not clear, Mr. Jones said, but he said it was clear that he knew about the support, and that he so far had failed to stop the militancy.
NATO members have also added their voices to Afghanistanââ¬â¢s pleas for more pressure to be brought upon General Musharraf to contain Taliban insurgents.
General Musharraf visited on the same day that Afghanistan signed an agreement with NATO on greater cooperation. Ambassadors of the North Atlantic Council have been visiting Afghanistan this week to look at security in the south, troop levels and plans for NATO to assume military command of eastern Afghanistan in coming weeks.
Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, secretary general of NATO, said the agreement showed NATOââ¬â¢s long-term commitment to Afghanistan. Mr. Karzai welcomed it for bringing more stability to the country.
But even as the agreement was signed, Canadian troops in the southern province of Kandahar continued to wage heavy battles against hundreds of Taliban insurgents hemmed in a district west of Kandahar.
The commander of NATO troops in Afghanistan, Lt. Gen. David Richards, said he sensed that the operation, which had already cost hundreds of lives, including those of 19 NATO service members, was turning in NATOââ¬â¢s favor. ââ¬ÅThey are feeling the pressure,ââ¬Â he told journalists during a flying visit to Kandahar.
Mr. Jones, of RAND, said NATO and the American-led coalition had evidence of Pakistanââ¬â¢s role, and specifically the role of Pakistani intelligence, the Inter-Services Intelligence, or I.S.I., in aiding the insurgents. ââ¬ÅThe evidence suggests the I.S.I. is involved in several ways,ââ¬Â he said.
Pakistani intelligence agents have provided intelligence to the Taliban about coalition plans and tactical operations, he said, tipping off Taliban forces and allowing them to flee. Western military forces have intercepted the tips and know they are from people connected to Pakistani intelligence, Mr. Jones said.
Mr. Jones said there were numerous accounts that Pakistani agents were providing assistance to wounded Taliban fighters who made their way back to Pakistan, paying their medical bills and ensuring their care.
The Pakistani intelligence agency was providing support, housing and security for the Taliban leadership, including the reclusive leader, Mullah Muhammad Omar, he said.
It was also directly or indirectly involved in training fighters in camps, preparing them to fight either in Kashmir or Afghanistan, and in providing finance and possibly weapons, he said.
ââ¬ÅThe U.S. government also believes they have given monetary assistance and maybe weapons,ââ¬Â he said.
American Embassy and military officials have said Pakistan is cooperating by deploying thousands of soldiers along the border with Afghanistan to try to check the infiltration of militants.
Yet the overwhelming consensus in Afghanistan, including among foreign diplomats and members of Mr. Karzaiââ¬â¢s administration, is that Pakistan is orchestrating, or at least turning a blind eye, to the campaign against Afghanistan to keep the country unstable, and to retain influence through its clients.
Pakistani officials stressed, as General Musharraf did, that it was in Pakistanââ¬â¢s interest to see a stable, prosperous Afghanistan.
General Musharraf said he had raised concerns that India, Pakistanââ¬â¢s rival to the east, was establishing consulates close to the Pakistani border in Afghanistan.
ââ¬ÅThis is our concern,ââ¬Â he said. ââ¬ÅI have brought it to President Karzai.ââ¬Â
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/07/w...page&pagewanted=print&oref=slogin&oref=slogin