Historical Service Life vs. Estimated Service Life
Sophisticated combat systems must keep pace with advancing threat technology. As the combat systems and the hull, mechanical and electrical (HM&E) systems of a platform age both must be maintained and upgraded, but the combat systems upgrades tend to be more extensive and expensive. Additionally, as ships age, the cost of operating and maintaining the ships can increase depending on the overall condition of the vessel. For example, if a ship has had a number of maintenance actions deferred over the course of its operating life, and it has experienced high OPTEMPO, the cumulative effects on the ship can lead to higher operating and maintenance costs. This must be considered in investment decisions. In making service life decisions, warfighting capability gained from an upgrade is compared to the cost of the upgrade and the operations and maintenance cost of the ship. Unless modernized, a surface combatant class' Historical Service Life (HSL) is shorter than the Estimated Service Life (ESL) established via instruction. For destroyers, HSL is 20 years compared to an ESL of 35 years. In the case of frigates, HSL is 20-22 years compared to an ESL of 30 years
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Frigate HM&E and Self Defense Upgrades
In the FY 03 budget submission, PERRY Class frigates will receive HM&E upgrades to reduce their operating costs and extend their service life. Additionally, the combat systems will be upgraded with selected ship self defense technology. These ships with their relatively small crew size and low operating costs provide affordable warfighting capability.