LCA Tejas Technology Development

[Prowler]

And from the above posts we can clearly see that the flight testing and prototypes are entirely made in India..

 

[IndianArmy]

Avionics and Flight Control

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LCA Avionics architecture is configured around MIL-STD-1553B data buses, with built-in redundancy. Mission Data Processor design follows Open Architecture Computing (OAC) which overcomes hardware obsolescence and enables software reusability. Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) components duly tested to military standards have been extensively used.

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The Digital Flight Control Computer (DFCC) takes inputs from the pilot, inertia & air data sensors, and generates appropriate commands to the control surface (rudder, elevon, slats and air brakes) actuators for effecting necessary deflections for aircraft maneuvers as per pilot's demand.

The Flight Control System software has been developed using Ada language and follows DOD standards. An Independent Verification & Validation (IV&V) process ensures correctness, consistency, completeness and adherence to MIL standards of all safety critical onboard software.
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[IndianArmy]

Simulation

As a part of development cycle of the sub-systems and systems, before they get integrated with the aircraft, various system level simulations are carried out, including some with hardware-in-loop and pilot-in-loop.

The Cockpit Environment Facility (CEF) is a replica of LCA cockpit with all cockpit displays, pilot interfaces and contrls and ejection seat. Separate CEFs are built for LCA single seat Fighter and two seat Trainer.


The Iron Bird is a hardware-in-loop simulator used to evaluate the Integrated Flight Control System Software and Hardware and aircraft hydraulic system including all the control surface actuators, landing gear and air brake system.

The Engineer-in-Loop Simulator (ELS) is extensively used for designer evaluation of Control Law (CLAW).

The Real Time Simulator (RTS) uses LCA aerodynamics and engine mathematical models that enable the pilot to fly an entire mission of the aircraft in real time for evaluating aircraft handling qualities.

 

[IndianArmy]

LCA Production​

To ensure a smooth, efficient and timely transfer of technology from the design agency to the production agency, LCA Full Scale Engineering Development (FSED) envisaged setting up of production facilities for manufacture of 8 aircraft under Limited Series Production(LSP) that will enter quadroon service.

A dedicated LSP team at HAL, Bangalore exclusively handles sLCA production with support from other HAL divisions at Kanpur, Nasick, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Korwa and Koraput and various other public and private sector industries.



LCA is planned to replace the MiG series of Aircraft currently operated by the Indian Air Force. 200 single seat Fighters and 20 two-seat LCA Trainers are projected requirements of Indian Air Force for their squadron service in the next decade.



LCA Programme involves building and flight-testing of two Technology Demonstrators – TD1 and TD2 (both already airborne) and five Prototype Vehicles (PV to PV5), the last being a two-seat Trainer version, towards operational clearance including weaponisaion.

A Naval version of the LCA capable of operation from an aircraft carrier is also under development. Two Naval Prototypes (NP1 and NP2) are proposed to be built and flown to obtain clearance for deck operation. FSED of Naval version is expected to be initiated concurrently with the ongoing LCA Programme.

The Technologies developed and various facilites created as part of the LCA Programme will be put to use for future aircraft programmes. They have already benefited other aircraft programmes in the country like the intermediate jet Trainer (IJT) of HAL and SARAS of NAL.

 

[IndianArmy]

Software Development​

Software development has been a major spin-off of the LCA project. A number of Application Softwares have been developed, which have various no-aeronautical applications as well.

Graphical Interactive Three dimensional Applications (GITA) is a user friendly Computer Aided Design (CAD) package, well suited for mechanical, automobile, aeronautical and tool design industries.

Finite Element Structural Synthesis Expert (FINESSE) is a general purpose finite element analysis package. FINEGRAF is a powerful interactive graphics pre and post processor, making complex finite element modelling and results interpretation much easier.

AUTOLAY is a software system for design, analysis and manufacture of composites. It reduces design cycle time of high quality, robust laminated composite components.

PRANA is a Virtual Reality software tool which gives life to CAD and engineering analyses data in the virtual world.

Numerous packages for Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM) and Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes for aerodynamic analyses have also been developed.

 

[IndianArmy]

 

[IndianArmy]

Major Sub Systems​

OAC
MMR
SMS
SSDU
MF-UFCP
CSIO-HUD
HMD
SSCDR
VDR
INS
INTEGRATED ECM SUITE
INTEGRATED COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
FSP/SSP

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Open Architecture Computer (OAC)

PowerPC / VME64 based core computer combining Mission Computer (MC), Display Processor (DP) and Video Switching Unit (VSU) functionality
PMC (PCI Mezzanine Card) based MIL-STD-1553B, RS422, raster and cursive video graphics modules.
Computational power : 20 MFLOPS
Graphics throughput : 60 M pixels per second

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Multi Mode Radar (MMR)

Primary sensor for avionics and weapon system with
Fully coherent pulse doppler system
Low, medium and high PRF (Pulse Repetition
Frequency) capabilities with air-to-air, air-to-
ground, air-to-sea and ground mapping modes
Excellent detection range in look-up and look-down
modes
Frequency agility and built-in Electronic Counter-
Counter Measures (ECCM) feature
Multi target search and track-while-scan modes as well as ground mapping feature

Stores Management System (SMS)

Nine Weapon Replaceable Assemblies (WRA): Stores Interface Box (SIB) and eight Pylon Interface Boxes (PIBs)
Integrated control of air-to-air, air-to-ground and air-to-sea weapons, drop tanks, ECM pods, rockets, guns etc.
High performance 32 bit single chip micro controller based dual redundant architecture with graceful degradation
Localized Pylon Interface Units to control MIL-1760C, Indian, Russian and Western weapons
Flexible system architecture for addition of new stores
Design and construction as per MIL-STD-810D and MIL-STD-461C to meet stringent environmental conditions
Full maintainability with VAST(Versatile Avionics Shop Testing) compatibility

 

[IndianArmy]

Avionics Major Sub Systems Contiunation​

Smart Standby Display Unit (SSDU)​

Stand-alone AMLCD based 3"x3" color display unit
Generates and displays page information based on the parameters received through its RS422, Arinc 429, Discrete and Analog interfaces
SSDU on Left Main Instruments Panel(LMIP) performs the function of GUH (Get-U-Home)
SSDU on Right Main Instrument Panel (RMIP) performs the function of Engine Fuel Indicator (EFI)

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Multi Function – Up Front Control Panel (MF-UFCP)

Helps the pilot to initialize the Avionics.
Interactive AMLCD(Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display) based monochrome display
NVG(Night Vision Goggle) compatible
Pilot friendly editor
Hot selection of system parameters
IST/GPS (Indian Standard Time/Global Positioning System) time display

CISO-Head Up Display (HUD)

Monochrome display with NVG(Night Vision Goggle) compatibility
Displays flight information parameters, navigational symbols and target / weapon release cues on its screen, collimated by an optical module
Provides simultaneous view of symbols along with outside vision
MF-UFCP integrated

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Helmet Mounted Display (HMD)

Provides head pointing information and head referenced display surface/symbology to the pilot
Facilitates easy target (aerial/ground based) designation
Flexible pilot's field of view helps in missile head/weapon sensor slewing

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Solid State Crash Data Recorder (SSCDR)

records different aircraft discrete, analog parameters in flight along with the voice/audio, recorded flash memory data downloaded and analyzed before next sortie.

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Integrated ECM Suite

EW(Electronic Warfare) "armour" to enhance LCA capability
Effective use of EM(Electro Magnetic) spectrum and denying the same to hostile forces.

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integrated Communication System (INCOM)

Intended to provide Normal/Secure Jam resistant voice/data communication for Air to Ground and Air to Air in V/UHF bands
System is provided with ECCM features in the tactical frequency band

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Environmental Control Fuel Management - Electronic Unit (ECFM-EU)

Manages, controls & maintains aircraft environment which includes oxygen system, bleed air, cooling pack temperature,
anti-icing, cabin temperature, avionics bay cooling, radar cooling and pressurization systems.
Performs fuel system and refuel management.

Hydraulics, Engine, Electrical & brake Management System- Electronic Unit (HEEMS-EU)

Manages, maintains & controls hydraulics, engine and electrical system
Includes secondary power system, starting system, fire detection system,
engine accessory bay, undercarriage system, wheel brake management and nose
wheel steering.

 

[IndianArmy]

Now I say LCA tejas comprises 95% Indian products, Only engines and Ejection seats are Foreign.... As per radar, Not finalised, it can be MMR(India) or Elta(Israel)....

 

[IndianArmy]

To all My country men, Lets not waste time on trolls, if the trollers cannot read and Understand the Indian contribution I have posted then they are here to just find happiness by letting India down.... India is a great country, Running fast to catch the rest of the world in technological advancement, If we dont trust our country who will??? Support India, "Tum Chalo to hindustan chale"(You Step ahead and so does the country )....(by Gulzar)