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Is Pakistan Better Off Industrially (and More Diverse in Industrial Production) Compared to Bangladesh?

@Bilal9 Not a business or economic expert however when I visited pakistan in 2019 I saw many housing communities being built in Islamabad and Rawalpindi.

Yes Bhai - I understand housing is a great need in Pakistan and being invested in heavily by Pakistani developers. Of course there is plenty of land available and land is cheaper, unlike Bangladesh.
@AViet

In my opinion they will evaluate through the production of raw material and import of raw material. Export of manufacturing products and the selling of manufacturing product from medium and large companies inside the country is easily seen as it is reported and get value added tax.

The one goes to SME (informal economy/not reported) can be seen on how many of raw material is not absorbed by medium and large companies, then they can calculate it and give some number (calculation on it). Food industries are also part of manufacturing as well

This is for example data of import in Indonesia when it is breakdown are in majority raw material

Indonesia import history chart

In Million USD


View attachment 786846

Blue Line is Raw Material/Supporting Goods (which is essential for manufacturing industry)

Black Line is capital Goods which is also essential for manufacturing

Red Line is consumer goods

Consumer goods imports is less than 10 percent of Indonesian total imports.

Indonesia being where it is economically, I am sure most consumer goods and produce is produced and consumed within Indonesia itself. So yes, imports of consumer goods should be pretty low. Interesting that Raw Material imports is fluctuating (indicating Industrial activity fluctuation maybe?). Is there a breakdown of diversified export products for Indonesia? Not that you have to find it now, take your time @Indos brother,

of course we get plenty of Indonesian FMCG products in Bangladesh, including baked goods and food products.
 
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Yes Bhai - I understand housing is a great need in Pakistan and being invested in heavily by Pakistani developers. Of course there is plenty of land available and land is cheaper, unlike Bangladesh.


Indonesia being where it is economically, I am sure most consumer goods and produce is produced and consumed within Indonesia itself. So yes, imports of consumer goods should be pretty low. Interesting that Raw Material imports is fluctuating (indicating Industrial activity fluctuation maybe?). Is there a breakdown of diversified export products for Indonesia? Not that you have to find it now, take your time @Indos brother,

of course we get plenty of Indonesian FMCG products in Bangladesh, including baked goods and food products.
Wish Bangladesh all the best. Let's pray the destructive neighbour next door does not try to destroy your peace.
 
Indonesia being where it is economically, I am sure most consumer goods and produce is produced and consumed within Indonesia itself. So yes, imports of consumer goods should be pretty low. Interesting that Raw Material imports is fluctuating (indicating Industrial activity fluctuation maybe?). Is there a breakdown of diversified export products for Indonesia? Not that you have to find it now, take your time @Indos brother,

of course we get plenty of Indonesian FMCG products in Bangladesh, including baked goods and food products.

Industry is growing normally, the fluctuation I believe is related to stocking strategy, so there will be time where the stock is high and there will be time where the stock is low ( where many factors are in play), and during 2020 all import is basically going down, particularly the raw material.

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Do you mean this data ?

Indonesia’s Top 10 Exports
  • Top 10
  • Advantages
  • Opportunities
  • Companies
The following export product groups represent the highest dollar value in Indonesian global shipments during 2020. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from Indonesia.
  1. Mineral fuels including oil: US$25.6 billion (15.7% of total exports)
  2. Animal/vegetable fats, oils, waxes: $20.7 billion (12.7%)
  3. Iron, steel: $10.8 billion (6.6%)
  4. Electrical machinery, equipment: $9.2 billion (5.7%)
  5. Gems, precious metals: $8.2 billion (5%)
  6. Vehicles: $6.6 billion (4%)
  7. Rubber, rubber articles: $5.6 billion (3.4%)
  8. Machinery including computers: $5.2 billion (3.2%)
  9. Footwear: $4.8 billion (2.9%)
  10. Paper, paper items: $4.2 billion (2.6%)
Indonesia’s top 10 exports totaled 61.9% of Indonesia’s total exports.


You can see more detail if you come to the website

 
Industry is growing normally, the fluctuation I believe is related to stocking strategy, so there will be time where the stock is high and there will be time where the stock is low ( where many factors are in play), and during 2020 all import is basically going down, particularly the raw material.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Do you mean this data ?

Indonesia’s Top 10 Exports
  • Top 10
  • Advantages
  • Opportunities
  • Companies
The following export product groups represent the highest dollar value in Indonesian global shipments during 2020. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from Indonesia.
  1. Mineral fuels including oil: US$25.6 billion (15.7% of total exports)
  2. Animal/vegetable fats, oils, waxes: $20.7 billion (12.7%)
  3. Iron, steel: $10.8 billion (6.6%)
  4. Electrical machinery, equipment: $9.2 billion (5.7%)
  5. Gems, precious metals: $8.2 billion (5%)
  6. Vehicles: $6.6 billion (4%)
  7. Rubber, rubber articles: $5.6 billion (3.4%)
  8. Machinery including computers: $5.2 billion (3.2%)
  9. Footwear: $4.8 billion (2.9%)
  10. Paper, paper items: $4.2 billion (2.6%)
Indonesia’s top 10 exports totaled 61.9% of Indonesia’s total exports.


You can see more detail if you come to the website


Thanks for finding this link brother - this is wonderful source of information. Yes compared to Pakistan and Bangladesh, Indonesia is an export Juggernaut and also at the same time, very diversified compared to our two economies. :-)

Although the export figures are biased by being in a Covid year (2020), If one looks at the different tabs such as "advantages", "opportunities", "companies", you will see that Bangladesh has deep disadvantages in some categories, but hopefully efforts are being made to address those, but rather slowly.

In Bangladesh section the reviewer notes that:

" Bangladesh has highly negative net exports and therefore deep international trade deficits for machinery, notably computers and knitting including stitch-bonding machines. "

@bluesky bhai was correct in this regard.

Now, if we look at Pakistan's exports and diversification level, we find that Pakistan's export are far more so than that of Bangladesh (and growing at the same time). This is the real picture. If you see the comparisons below, it will show many interesting points. I am no economist, but to my lay understanding, it seems, Bangladesh has a looong way to go as far as diversification, compared to economies like Pakistan. Talk of this, that or tiger economy is rather premature and basically political propaganda by Hasina, parroted by Indian media. I suggest folks calmly look at trade balance realities and see where we in Bangladesh really are. True - there are multiple mega projects being done, but have they translated to a better trade balance and exports (other than lining the swiss bank accounts of AL politicians?? You guys judge yourself.

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PAKISTAN
The following export product groups categorize the highest dollar value in Pakistani global shipments during 2020. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from Pakistan.
  1. Miscellaneous textiles, worn clothing: US$4.3 billion (19.2% of total exports)
  2. Knit or crochet clothing, accessories: $3.1 billion (13.8%)
  3. Cotton: $2.6 billion (11.9%)
  4. Clothing, accessories (not knit or crochet): $2.6 billion (11.8%)
  5. Cereals: $2.1 billion (9.5%)
  6. Leather/animal gut articles: $583.4 million (2.6%)
  7. Copper: $435.3 million (2%)
  8. Salt, sulphur, stone, cement: $423 million (1.9%)
  9. Fruits, nuts: $418.6 million (1.9%)
  10. Optical, technical, medical apparatus: $380.5 million (1.7%)
Pakistan’s top 10 exports accounted for 76.3% of the overall value of its global shipments.

Copper was the fastest grower among the top 10 export categories, up by 22.7% from 2019 to 2020. Export sales for miscellaneous textiles and worn clothing increased 5% as did the fruits and nuts category.

The leading decliner among Pakistan’s top 10 export categories was cotton thanks to its -18.7% drop year over year.


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BANGLADESH
The following export product groups represent the highest dollar value in Bangladeshi global shipments during 2020. Also shown is the percentage share each export category represents in terms of overall exports from Bangladesh.
  1. Knit or crochet clothing, accessories: US$18.7 billion (45.2% of total exports)
  2. Clothing, accessories (not knit or crochet): $16.6 billion (40.2%)
  3. Miscellaneous textiles, worn clothing: $1.2 billion (2.8%)
  4. Footwear: $998.9 million (2.4%)
  5. Paper yarn, woven fabric: $728.8 million (1.8%)
  6. Fish: $461.8 million (1.1%)
  7. Leather/animal gut articles: $305.4 million (0.7%)
  8. Headgear: $288.6 million (0.7%)
  9. Animal/vegetable fats, oils, waxes: $139.7 million (0.3%)
  10. Feathers, artificial flowers, hair: $133.9 million (0.3%)
Bangladesh’s top 10 exports are mostly focused on apparel products, accounting for 95.6% of the overall value of its global shipments.

Animal or vegetable fats, oils and waxes represent the fastest grower among the top 10 export categories, up by 37.2% from 2019 to 2020.

In second place for improving export sales was feathers, artificial flowers and hair via a 22.9% gain.

Bangladesh’s shipments of miscellaneous textiles including worn clothing posted the third-fastest gain in value up by 10% annually.

The leading decliner among Bangladesh’s top 10 export categories were articles of clothing made from leather or animal gut via a -19.1% drop year over year.


In 2020, Bangladesh’s most valuable exported products were knitted or crocheted t-shirts and vests (14%), unknitted and non-crocheted men’s suits including trousers (13.9%), knitted or crocheted jerseys or pullovers (12%), unknitted and non-crocheted women’s clothing (11.3%), knitted or crocheted women’s clothing (5.9%), unknitted and crocheted men’s shirts (4.5%), knitted or crocheted women’s underwear and pajamas (2.4%), knitted or crocheted infant clothing (2.2%), unknitted and non-crocheted men’s coats and jackets (also 2.2%), and knitted or crocheted men’s shirts (2.1%).
 
this is kinda funny
@Indus Pakistan they got all the material from Gujranwala and than Lahore to make this knockoff RollsRoyce by a mistri (the Punjab triangle we talked about)

Well very inventive and resourceful to say the least. :-)


Brake disk and drum manufacturing, all manual processes and very cost effective.

Stainless steel wall hanger hooks from resistance welding to nickel plating.
 
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Wherever you travel in rural Pakistan, you get this feeling that vast amount of industries and businesses are either unregistered or not registered properly.

You start thinking that how a nation of 230 million that has so much industry wherever you go, has such a low Nominal GDP. It doesn't add up.
 
Wherever you travel in rural Pakistan, you get this feeling that vast amount of industries and businesses are either unregistered or not registered properly.

You start thinking that how a nation of 230 million that has so much industry wherever you go, has such a low Nominal GDP. It doesn't add up.
only in Punjab
I don't think rural kpK (although I feel I might be wrong with this one), Baluchistan or Sindh have any proper industry
 
Guys I view industrial small scale production all the time on different video platforms in India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, and IMHO I'd say Pakistan has a far superior industrial basis than Bangladesh on small scale Industrial sector (although a bit backdated in technology but very self-sustaining nonetheless).

The basis of economical production In small scale sector are all local raw materials, sometimes recycled. I will highlight some videos here for you all to see,

It is my belief that you will realize how active/productive Pakistani small-scale Industrial sector is and how we in Bangladesh can collaborate with that sector in Pakistan to improve ours - maybe using JV's and/or employing Pakistani machinery and experts who are in a unique position to help us.

The tech used is what is termed 'appropriate technology' whose main advantage is extreme low overhead and economical methods to make products of "high enough" and "acceptable" quality in remote areas, where low investment and backdated technology are advantages, not barriers to production.

Making products using automation and in super clean conditions like Walton often entail high cost. I have immense respect for these hard-working Mehnati folks in Pakistan who work in demanding conditions to earn a living. I guess some introduction to safety regimes (like covers for rollers and gears and shoes for workers who handle molten metal) would not hurt in some cases.







the world has moved past these small scale operations.
the name of the game is how cheap can you produce the items, how efficient you are, how less polluting you are
 
Wherever you travel in rural Pakistan, you get this feeling that vast amount of industries and businesses are either unregistered or not registered properly.

You start thinking that how a nation of 230 million that has so much industry wherever you go, has such a low Nominal GDP. It doesn't add up.

I agree, the huge informal sector (or as some would say gray economy) in Pakistan has GDP that most probably goes unreported. I can definitely say that the level of technical aptitude and skill necessary for say, changing truck differentials for large semi trucks is a lot more advanced in Pakistan, compared to Bangladesh. They are doing this by the roadside and they do a very respectable job, take a look.

 
Amazing hand operated 6 cylinder crankshaft grinding (guessing this is a commercial engine, judging by the size, and most probably a small tractor made in Pakistan). Original casting is sand-cast Grey Cast Iron, which videos have already been shown in this thread.

Nothing equivalent exists at this level in Bangladesh.

Value addition at its level best, no CAD/CAM or expensive investments needed.

 
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Amazing hand operated 6 cylinder crankshaft grinding (guessing this is a commercial engine, judging by the size, and most probably a small tractor made in Pakistan). Original casting is sand-cast Grey Cast Iron, which videos have already been shown in this thread.

Nothing equivalent exists at this level in Bangladesh.

This is not grey iron. Judging by the shape, and size of flakes, and sound, it's ductile iron, possibly austempered ductile iron.
 
This is not grey iron. Judging by the shape, and size of flakes, and sound, it's ductile iron, possibly austempered ductile iron.

I am not a metallurgist, so obviously don't know the difference between ductile and Grey cast iron.

I was just going by the comments made by the guy who took the video.

Can you cast ductile iron and what do you add when casting this iron as opposed to grey variety?
 
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