Bhutan | Bhutanese enclaves in Tibet, Kula Kangri, mountains in the west and the Haa district. Other smaller areas include Cherkip Gompa, Dho, Dungmar, Sanmar, Tarchen and more | 2008, 2016 |
Brunei | Spratly Islands | 1986-present |
Cambodia | Parts of the country on historical merit dating all the way back to 700 years | Qing Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, 13th century – 19th century |
India | Aksai Chin, Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh. Wars and stand-off have led to a permanent PLA presence in the region along the LAC | 1962, 1967, 2011, 2017, 2020 |
Indonesia | Parts of South China Sea | Currently still disputed |
Japan | Senkaku Islands, Ryukuku Islands, parts of Japan’s territorial waters in South China Sea. Multiple disputes since the Qing dynasty periods | Clashes in 1884, 1895, 1972, 2011, 2013, 2015 |
Laos | Claims originating from historical precedent, primarily annexed between 12th century to 17th century | Dormant dispute |
Malaysia | Parts of South China Sea, particularly Spratly Islands and James Shoal reefs | 1971, 2009 and historical claims |
Mongolia | China claims all of Mongolia on historical account, although for a major part of its history, it was Mongolian leaders starting from Genghis Khan who controlled China | Yuan, Qing, Ming dynasties. Still owns Inner Mongolia |
Nepal | Claims Nepal belonged to Tibet, and Tibet China claims is an integral part of China too | 1788-1792 (Sino-Nepalese war) constant tug of war in Nepal’s northern borders |
North Korea | Mount Baekdu, Mount Jiandao and in the past has claimed all of North Korea as part of China on territorial grounds | Ryanggang province since formation (1954) |
Philippines | Parts of South China Sea. The Philippines took the issue to the ICJ and won the case, China continues to ignore | 2016 |
Russia | Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai; despite 4 different treaties and returning 100s islands and numerous rivers, China continues to claims more than 160,000kms in Russia’s far-east | 1860, 1991, 1994 and 2004 |
Singapore | Parts of South China Sea, contested and claimed by China, despite having no actual boundary with the tiny island nation in the Malaya region | 1999-present |
South Korea | Parts of East China Sea, claims all of South Korea’s lands and international waters on historical grounds | Ryanggang province since formation (1954) |
Tajikistan | All of its territory based on historical precedent | Qing Dynasty, 1644-1912 |
Taiwan | China claims all of Taiwan’s lands as its own and does not take lightly to dissent in the region | Since 1949 |
Vietnam | Paracel Islands, Macclesfield Bank and large parts of Chinese territories (historical precedent claim). Fresh conquests and construction of artificial islands in the South China Sea | 1364-1644 (constant dispute) 1990’s 2011, 2013 |