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Chinese Scientists Make Breakthrough in Quantum Computing

9月8日 11:14 来自 iPhone客户端 已编辑​
看到各家媒体报道中“已实现100万倍谷歌优越性”的说法,我们既感动,又怀有深重的担忧。感动是,和墨子沙龙一样,做科学科普、关注前沿技术动态的媒体越来越多;忧虑的是,部分报道有失准确。​
据我们了解,潘建伟院士在西湖大学公开课演讲上的表述为:​
“近期已经完成50个光子的高斯玻色采样,按照现在的初步估计和数据分析,应该能够比Google的量子优越性大概快100万倍。当然,这需要进一步分析,现在不能百分之百保证。”​
“在超导量子计算方面,目前正在开展60个超导比特的量子相干控制,如果做成,在性能方面大概可以比Google快3个数量级左右。”​
“这些是目前正在开展的一些工作。”​
科学研究是一件富有前瞻、充满激情的事情,同时更需要严谨扎实的论证、厚积薄发的沉淀。努力所至,梦想方会来临!​

Translation:

Mozi Salon of Shanghai Research Institute of University of Science and Technology of China
At 11:14 on September 8


Seeing the statement in various media reports that "one million times the better than Google has been achieved", we are both moved and deeply worried. What is touching is that, like the Mozi Salon, more and more media are doing scientific popularization and paying attention to cutting-edge technology trends; what is worrying is that some reports are not accurate.

As far as we know, the statement made by Academician Pan Jianwei in the open lecture of West Lake University is:

"The Boson sampling of 50 photons has been completed recently. According to current preliminary estimates and data analysis, it should be about 1 million times faster than Google's quantum superiority. Of course, this requires further analysis and cannot be guaranteed at this time."

"In terms of superconducting quantum computing, the quantum coherent control of 60 superconducting bits is currently on-going. If it is successfully made, it will probably be about 3 orders of magnitude faster than Google in terms of performance."

"These are some of the work currently being carried out."

Scientific research is a forward-looking and passionate thing. At the same time, it requires rigorous and solid argumentation and accumulated accumulation. If you work hard, your dream will come!

@中科院之声 @ Intellectuals @University of Science and Technology of China
O global benchmark! Academician Pan Jianwei announced that it has achieved 1 million times Google...
China Focus: Chinese scientists achieve quantum computational advantage
Source: Xinhua| 2020-12-04 04:25:23|Editor: huaxia

HEFEI, Dec. 4 (Xinhua) -- A research team including renowned Chinese quantum physicist Pan Jianwei announced Friday a significant computing breakthrough, achieving quantum computational advantage.

The team established a quantum computer prototype, named "Jiuzhang," via which up to 76 photons were detected. The study was published in Science magazine online.

This achievement marks that China has reached the first milestone on the path to full-scale quantum computing -- a quantum computational advantage, also known as "quantum supremacy," which indicates an overwhelming quantum computational speedup.

No traditional computer can perform the same task in a reasonable amount of time, and the speedup is unlikely to be overturned by classical algorithmic or hardware improvements, according to the team.

In the study, Gaussian boson sampling (GBS), a classical simulation algorithm, was used to provide a highly efficient way of demonstrating quantum computational speedup in solving some well-defined tasks.

The average detected photon number by the prototype is 43, while up to 76 output photon-clicks were observed.

Jiuzhang's quantum computing system can implement large-scale GBS 100 trillion times faster than the world's fastest existing supercomputer.

The team also said the new prototype processes 10 billion times faster than the 53-qubit quantum computer developed by Google.

"Quantum computational advantage is like a threshold," said Lu Chaoyang, professor of the University of Science and Technology of China. "It means that, when a new quantum computer prototype's capacity surpasses that of the strongest traditional computer in handling a particular task, it proves that it will possibly make breakthroughs in multiple other areas."

The breakthrough is the result of 20 years of effort by Pan's team, which conquered several major technological stumbling blocks, including a high-quality photon source.

"For example, it is easy for us to have one sip of water each time, but it is difficult to drink just a water molecule each time," Pan said. "A high-quality photon source needs to 'release' just one photon each time, and each photon needs to be exactly the same, which is quite a challenge."

Compared with conventional computers, Jiuzhang is currently just a "champion in one single area," but its super-computing capacity has application potential in areas such as graph theory, machine learning and quantum chemistry, according to the team.

 
Chinese research team unveils quantum-computer operating system
Source: Xinhua| 2021-02-08 22:57:09|Editor: huaxia

HEFEI, Feb. 8 (Xinhua) -- A company in Hefei, capital of east China's Anhui Province, released an operating system for quantum computers Monday.

The system, Origin Pilot, can improve the operating efficiency of quantum computers by several times in testing, said Guo Guangcan, an academician from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

According to the company Origin Quantum, the system has made a series of breakthroughs in the parallel execution of quantum-computing tasks, automated calibration of quantum chips and the systematic management of quantum resources.

"If the quantum chip is compared to the heart of a human, the quantum-computer operating system is equivalent to the brain and the quantum application software is the flesh and blood," Guo said.

He added that a good operating system can make quantum computers run more efficiently and stably.

The company said that the system will be used on a quantum-computing cloud platform to provide experience for global users.
 
Last edited:
Global Times @globaltimesnews
China state-affiliated media

A Chinese-led research team published findings in US journal Science Advances, in which they presented a fully programmable silicon photonic device and implemented graph-theoretic quantum algorithms. It can be applied in fields such as database search and pattern recognition.

Image
12:17 PM · Feb 28, 2021
phake newj...only america can make such inventions.
 
some excerpt from above article,

Jiuzhang takes its name from an ancient Chinese mathematical text. It can perform an extremely esoteric calculation, called Gaussian boson sampling, in 200 seconds. The same task would take the world's fastest classical supercomputer, Fugaku, around 600 million years.​
However, Jiuzhang is a highly specialized machine designed to do a single task. Therefore, Pan said, the next milestone will be creating quantum simulators to tackle complex real-world problems, such as new material design and optimizing computer algorithms.​
The Jiuzhang prototype has already shown potential applications in the fields of graph theory, machine learning and quantum chemistry. "We hope that with the support from key national science and technology projects, such a quantum simulator will be realized in the next five years," he said.​
The third milestone will be a programmable, universal quantum computer, but this will require manipulating at least millions of qubits free from decoherence-the collapse of quantum states due to environmental noise, he said.​
 
Strongly correlated quantum walks with a 12-qubit superconducting processor
Published in
Science, May 2019
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw1611

Authors
Zhiguang Yan, Yu-Ran Zhang, Ming Gong, Yulin Wu, Yarui Zheng, Shaowei Li, Can Wang, Futian Liang, Jin Lin, Yu Xu, Cheng Guo, Lihua Sun, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Keyu Xia, Hui Deng, Hao Rong, J. Q. You, Franco Nori, Heng Fan, Xiaobo Zhu, Jian-Wei Pan​

Abstract
Quantum walks are the quantum analogs of classical random walks, which allow simulating large-scale quantum many-body systems and realizing universal quantum computation without time-dependent control. We experimentally demonstrate quantum walks of one and two strongly correlated microwave photons in a 1D array of 12 superconducting qubits with short-range interactions. First, in one-photon quantum walks, we observed the propagation of the density and correlation of the quasi-particle excitation of the superconducting qubit, and quantum entanglement between qubit pairs. Second, when implementing two-photon quantum walks by exciting two superconducting qubits, we observed the fermionization of strongly interacting photons from the measured time-dependent long-range anticorrelations, representing the antibunching of photons with attractive interactions. The demonstration of quantum walks on a quantum processor, using superconducting qubits as artificial atoms and tomographic readout, paves the way to quantum simulation of many-body phenomena and universal quantum computation.​
Strongly correlated quantum walks with a 12-qubit superconducting processor | Science

5 月 8 日,全球最大量子比特数的超导量子体系诞生在中国!

该成果来自中国科学技术大学潘建伟院士团队,其于近日成功研制出全球超导量子比特数量最多的量子计算原型机 “祖冲之号”。

“祖冲之号” 可操纵的超导量子比特多达 62 个,此前谷歌实现 “量子优越性” 的悬铃木具备 53 个量子比特,这意味着在目前的公开报道中,“祖冲之号” 是世界上最大量子比特数的超导量子体系。

之所以命名为 “祖冲之号”,参与研究的中国科学技术大学上海研究院教授朱晓波告诉 DeepTech :“这是为了纪念我国杰出的数学家。祖冲之在刘徽开创的探索圆周率的精确方法的基础上,首次将‘圆周率’精算到小数第七位,他提出的‘祖率’对数学的研究有重大贡献。”O62比特!潘建伟等成功研制量子计算原型机“祖...

MIT Technology Review
49 minutes ago from Weibo

On May 8, the superconducting quantum system with the largest number of qubits in the world was born in China !

This result comes from the team of Academician Pan Jianwei of the University of Science and Technology of China, who recently successfully developed the quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi" with the largest number of superconducting qubits in the world.

The "Zuchongzhi" can manipulate as many as 62 superconducting qubits. Google's "quantum superiority" has 53 qubits, which means amongst current announced reports, the "Zuchongzhi" is the superconducting quantum system with the most number of qubits in the world.

The reason why it was named "Zuchongzhi", Zhu Xiaobo, a professor at the Shanghai Research Institute of the University of Science and Technology of China, who participated in the research, told DeepTech: "This is to commemorate China's outstanding mathematicians - Zu Chongzhi, for the precise method of calculating pi pioneered by Liu Hui, actuated ‘pi’ to the seventh decimal place for the first time. The ‘zu rate’ he proposed has made a significant contribution to the study of mathematics.

 
5 月 8 日,全球最大量子比特数的超导量子体系诞生在中国!

该成果来自中国科学技术大学潘建伟院士团队,其于近日成功研制出全球超导量子比特数量最多的量子计算原型机 “祖冲之号”。

“祖冲之号” 可操纵的超导量子比特多达 62 个,此前谷歌实现 “量子优越性” 的悬铃木具备 53 个量子比特,这意味着在目前的公开报道中,“祖冲之号” 是世界上最大量子比特数的超导量子体系。

之所以命名为 “祖冲之号”,参与研究的中国科学技术大学上海研究院教授朱晓波告诉 DeepTech :“这是为了纪念我国杰出的数学家。祖冲之在刘徽开创的探索圆周率的精确方法的基础上,首次将‘圆周率’精算到小数第七位,他提出的‘祖率’对数学的研究有重大贡献。”O62比特!潘建伟等成功研制量子计算原型机“祖...

MIT Technology Review
49 minutes ago from Weibo

On May 8, the superconducting quantum system with the largest number of qubits in the world was born in China !

This result comes from the team of Academician Pan Jianwei of the University of Science and Technology of China, who recently successfully developed the quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi" with the largest number of superconducting qubits in the world.

The "Zuchongzhi" can manipulate as many as 62 superconducting qubits. Google's "quantum superiority" has 53 qubits, which means amongst current announced reports, the "Zuchongzhi" is the superconducting quantum system with the most number of qubits in the world.

The reason why it was named "Zuchongzhi", Zhu Xiaobo, a professor at the Shanghai Research Institute of the University of Science and Technology of China, who participated in the research, told DeepTech: "This is to commemorate China's outstanding mathematicians - Zu Chongzhi, for the precise method of calculating pi pioneered by Liu Hui, actuated ‘pi’ to the seventh decimal place for the first time. The ‘zu rate’ he proposed has made a significant contribution to the study of mathematics.

3 2 1,waiting for the US cheerleading squad to arrive anytime now.
 
5 月 8 日,全球最大量子比特数的超导量子体系诞生在中国!​
该成果来自中国科学技术大学潘建伟院士团队,其于近日成功研制出全球超导量子比特数量最多的量子计算原型机 “祖冲之号”。​
“祖冲之号” 可操纵的超导量子比特多达 62 个,此前谷歌实现 “量子优越性” 的悬铃木具备 53 个量子比特,这意味着在目前的公开报道中,“祖冲之号” 是世界上最大量子比特数的超导量子体系。​
之所以命名为 “祖冲之号”,参与研究的中国科学技术大学上海研究院教授朱晓波告诉 DeepTech :“这是为了纪念我国杰出的数学家。祖冲之在刘徽开创的探索圆周率的精确方法的基础上,首次将‘圆周率’精算到小数第七位,他提出的‘祖率’对数学的研究有重大贡献。”O62比特!潘建伟等成功研制量子计算原型机“祖...

MIT Technology Review
49 minutes ago from Weibo

On May 8, the superconducting quantum system with the largest number of qubits in the world was born in China !

This result comes from the team of Academician Pan Jianwei of the University of Science and Technology of China, who recently successfully developed the quantum computing prototype "Zuchongzhi" with the largest number of superconducting qubits in the world.

The "Zuchongzhi" can manipulate as many as 62 superconducting qubits. Google's "quantum superiority" has 53 qubits, which means amongst current announced reports, the "Zuchongzhi" is the superconducting quantum system with the most number of qubits in the world.

The reason why it was named "Zuchongzhi", Zhu Xiaobo, a professor at the Shanghai Research Institute of the University of Science and Technology of China, who participated in the research, told DeepTech: "This is to commemorate China's outstanding mathematicians - Zu Chongzhi, for the precise method of calculating pi pioneered by Liu Hui, actuated ‘pi’ to the seventh decimal place for the first time. The ‘zu rate’ he proposed has made a significant contribution to the study of mathematics.

Chinese team designs quantum computer with world’s largest number of superconducting qubits
By Global Times
Published: May 09, 2021 04:42 PM


Photo: Weibo
Photo: Weibo

A Chinese research team has successfully designed a prototype 62-qubit programmable superconducting quantum computer, naming it "Zu Chongzhi" after the noted 5th century Chinese mathematician and astronomer. The computer contains the largest number of superconducting qubits in the world, and achieved two-dimensional programmable quantum walks on the system, a major milestone in the field.

The study was conducted by a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), and was published Friday in Science agazine, one of the top academic journals in the world.

The team designed and produced an 8x8 two-dimensional square superconducting qubit array composed of 62 functional qubits in the study, and used this device to demonstrate high fidelity single and two particle quantum walks, according to the team.

The work was an essential milestone, bringing future larger scale quantum applications closer to realization on noisy intermediate-scale quantum processors, said the team.

Quantum computers have superfast parallel computing power, and hold the promise of exponentially accelerating the ability of classical computers in solving important social and economic problems, such as cryptography, big data optimization, material design and drug analysis, through specific algorithms.

The development of quantum computers, one of the major challenges in the forefront of science and technology in the world, has become the focus of competition among countries globally.

Superconducting quantum computing is among the most promising candidates for scalable quantum computing. Its core objective is to synchronously increase the number of integrated qubits and improve the performance of superconducting qubits, so as to achieve exponential acceleration in the processing speed of specific problems, and finally apply it in practice.

The "Zu Chongzhi" superconducting quantum computer was constructed on the basis of the independent development of two-dimensional structure superconducting quantum bit chips, containing the world's largest number of superconducting qubits.

The two-dimensional programmable quantum walks based on quantum computing have potential applications in quantum search algorithms, general quantum computing and other fields, and will be an important direction of subsequent development, according to a statement from the USTC.
 
Chinese team designs quantum computer with world’s largest number of superconducting qubits
By Global Times
Published: May 09, 2021 04:42 PM


Photo: Weibo
Photo: Weibo

A Chinese research team has successfully designed a prototype 62-qubit programmable superconducting quantum computer, naming it "Zu Chongzhi" after the noted 5th century Chinese mathematician and astronomer. The computer contains the largest number of superconducting qubits in the world, and achieved two-dimensional programmable quantum walks on the system, a major milestone in the field.

The study was conducted by a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), and was published Friday in Science agazine, one of the top academic journals in the world.

The team designed and produced an 8x8 two-dimensional square superconducting qubit array composed of 62 functional qubits in the study, and used this device to demonstrate high fidelity single and two particle quantum walks, according to the team.

The work was an essential milestone, bringing future larger scale quantum applications closer to realization on noisy intermediate-scale quantum processors, said the team.

Quantum computers have superfast parallel computing power, and hold the promise of exponentially accelerating the ability of classical computers in solving important social and economic problems, such as cryptography, big data optimization, material design and drug analysis, through specific algorithms.

The development of quantum computers, one of the major challenges in the forefront of science and technology in the world, has become the focus of competition among countries globally.

Superconducting quantum computing is among the most promising candidates for scalable quantum computing. Its core objective is to synchronously increase the number of integrated qubits and improve the performance of superconducting qubits, so as to achieve exponential acceleration in the processing speed of specific problems, and finally apply it in practice.

The "Zu Chongzhi" superconducting quantum computer was constructed on the basis of the independent development of two-dimensional structure superconducting quantum bit chips, containing the world's largest number of superconducting qubits.

The two-dimensional programmable quantum walks based on quantum computing have potential applications in quantum search algorithms, general quantum computing and other fields, and will be an important direction of subsequent development, according to a statement from the USTC.
I remember a while back we create the fastest quantum computer but it was not programmable and the cheerleaders went nuts and said China will never make it programmable, its really insane the amount of hatred and disgust they have for anything Chinese. Lol
 
Chinese team designs 62-qubit quantum processor with world's largest number of superconducting qubits
By Wan Lin Published: May 09, 2021 04:42 PM

Photo: Weibo

Photo: Weibo

A Chinese research team has successfully designed a 62-qubit programmable superconducting quantum processor, naming it Zu Chongzhi after the noted 5th century Chinese mathematician and astronomer. The computer contains the largest number of superconducting qubits so far in the world, and achieved two-dimensional programmable quantum walks on the system, a major milestone in the field.

Experts said the study pushes the possibility of universal quantum computing through a two-dimensional quantum walk a big step forward.

The study was conducted by a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), and was published Friday in Science magazine, one of the top academic journals in the world.

The team designed and produced an 8x8 two-dimensional square superconducting qubit array composed of 62 functional qubits in the study, and used this device to demonstrate high fidelity single and two particle quantum walks, according to the team.

Such a device can achieve universal quantum computing, which means that any computing task can be done in this manner, Yuan Lanfeng, a research fellow at the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale of the USTC, told the Global Times on Sunday.

"It is just like one or two particles randomly moving on an 8x8 chess board. Such random quantum walks can achieve anything that quantum computing can do, which is amazing," he said.

The work was an essential milestone, bringing future larger scale quantum applications closer to realization on noisy intermediate-scale quantum processors, said the team in the article.

The development of quantum computers, one of the major challenges in the forefront of science and technology in the world, has become the focus of competition among countries globally.

US technology giant Google announced a 53-qubit programmable superconducting processor, named Sycamore, in October 2019, and claimed "quantum supremacy," a term to describe the point at which quantum computers solve problems beyond the ability of non-quantum, or classical computers.

Yuan said the 62-qubit Zu Chongzhi
processor at least showed that China is at the same level as its US counterparts in the field of superconducting quantum computing.

Pan Jianwei, a renowned Chinese quantum physicist who led the research team for Zu Chongzhi, also developed Jiuzhang, a new light-based quantum computer prototype with his team, and they demonstrated "quantum advantage," the second time a quantum algorithm claimed to achieve this feat in the world, after the first claimed by Google's Sycamore in 2019.

Unlike the Jiuzhang processor, which conducts only one task - finding solutions to the boson-sampling problem - the new Zu Chongzhi processor has the potential to do "everything," even though it may not excel quantum computers for any specific task, Yuan said, adding that the photonic technology that the Jiuzhang processor uses and the superconducting technology that Zu Chongzhi uses are two mainstream technical routes that quantum processors employ.

Quantum computers have superfast parallel computing power, and hold the promise of exponentially accelerating the ability of classical computers in solving important social and economic problems, such as cryptography, big data optimization, material design and drug analysis, through specific algorithms.

Superconducting quantum computing is among the most promising candidates for scalable quantum computing. Its core objective is to synchronously increase the number of integrated qubits and improve the performance of superconducting qubits, so as to achieve exponential acceleration in the processing speed of specific problems, and finally apply it in practice.

The new Zu Chongzhi superconducting quantum computer can be applied to transportation planning, allowing for major optimization of traffic flows in a city, Yuan said.

It can also be used in the field of pharmaceuticals, quickly selecting the most promising combination of drug molecules from all available drug molecule candidates, he added, noting that people have high hopes for putting superconducting quantum computers into use in the pharmaceutical sector in five years.

The two-dimensional programmable quantum walks based on quantum computing have potential applications in quantum search algorithms, general quantum computing and other fields, and will be an important direction of subsequent development, according to a statement from the USTC on Saturday.

 
China takes quantum supremacy lead

This quantum processor completed a complex task in a little over an hour -- about 60,000 times faster than a classical supercomputer.


byTibi Puiu
July 6, 2021

Researchers in China have demonstrated the most powerful quantum computer in the world, a 56-qubit machine that can perform operations orders of magnitude faster than Google’s quantum computer — its closest competitor. The Chinese quantum computer completed a complex calculation in a little over an hour, a task that would take a classical supercomputer eight years to perform.


China’s quantum supremacy

The task performed by the new Zuchongzhi quantum computer is yet another demonstration of “quantum supremacy”. The mythical-sounding term describes crossing the threshold where quantum computers can do things that conventional computers cannot in a reasonable timeframe.

Quantum computers exploit the mathematical quirks of the quantum world to vastly outperform classical computers.

Digital computers require data to be encoded into binary digits (bits), each of which is always in one of two definite states (0 or 1), whereas quantum computers use qubits, also known as quantum bits, that can exist in multiple states simultaneously.


In 2019, Google’s 54-qubit quantum processor, known as Sycamore, was the first in the world to achieve quantum supremacy. But its fame was soon overshadowed by Jiuzhang, an optical circuit 53-qubit quantum processor developed by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China in Hefei.

Rather than superconducting materials on a chip, Jiuzhang uses optical circuits that perform calculations using photons instead of a flow of electrons as used by Google’s Sycamore. Jiuzhang performed a complex task in 200 seconds that would have taken the fastest Chinese supercomputer, TaihuLight, around 2.5 billion years to arrive at the same result.


However, Jiuzhang is a one-trick pony. It’s a specialized device that can’t be programmed to perform any other task. So in many ways, Google’s machine was much more practical despite the fact that Jiuzhang was much faster at completing its specialized task.

Credit: University of Science and Technology of China.


Now, researchers in China have demonstrated a much more versatile 66-qubit quantum computer, known as Zuchongzhi. The machine was developed by a team led by Jian-Wei Pan at the University of Science and Technology of China in Shanghai and has 11 rows and 6 columns of qubits forming a two-dimensional rectangular lattice pattern.

Zuchongzhi used 56 of its qubits to complete a random quantum circuit sampling task, which the researchers call an “outstanding candidate to demonstrate quantum computational advantages.” The idea is that this task is far too complex for a classical computer to solve in a reasonable timeframe and around 100 times more challenging than the one solved by Sycamore — but Zuchongzhi was up for it.

Zuchongzhi finished the sampling in 1.2 hours with just 56 qubits. This shows that the two-qubit edge over Sycamore matters a lot. Every additional qubit makes the quantum processor exponentially more powerful, which is why all of these advances are such a big deal.

“We estimate that the classical computational overhead to simulate Zuchongzhi is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the task implemented on Google’s 53-qubit Sycamore processor. Therefore, our experiment unambiguously established a computational task that can be completed by a quantum computer in 1.2 hours but will take at least an unreasonable time for any supercomputers,” the Chinese researchers wrote in the pre-print server ArXiv”.

 
Researchers in China submitted a not yet peer reviewed pre-print paper on quantum processor Zu Chongzhi, now has increased to 66 functional qubits.

[Submitted on 28 Jun 2021]
Strong quantum computational advantage using a superconducting quantum processor

Yulin Wu, Wan-Su Bao, Sirui Cao, Fusheng Chen, Ming-Cheng Chen, Xiawei Chen, Tung-Hsun Chung, Hui Deng, Yajie Du, Daojin Fan, Ming Gong, Cheng Guo, Chu Guo, Shaojun Guo, Lianchen Han, Linyin Hong, He-Liang Huang, Yong-Heng Huo, Liping Li, Na Li, Shaowei Li, Yuan Li, Futian Liang, Chun Lin, Jin Lin, Haoran Qian, Dan Qiao, Hao Rong, Hong Su, Lihua Sun, Liangyuan Wang, Shiyu Wang, Dachao Wu, Yu Xu, Kai Yan, Weifeng Yang, Yang Yang, Yangsen Ye, Jianghan Yin, Chong Ying, Jiale Yu, Chen Zha, Cha Zhang, Haibin Zhang, Kaili Zhang, Yiming Zhang, Han Zhao, Youwei Zhao, Liang Zhou, Qingling Zhu, Chao-Yang Lu, Cheng-Zhi Peng, Xiaobo Zhu, Jian-Wei Pan

Scaling up to a large number of qubits with high-precision control is essential in the demonstrations of quantum computational advantage to exponentially outpace the classical hardware and algorithmic improvements. Here, we develop a two-dimensional programmable superconducting quantum processor, \textit{Zuchongzhi}, which is composed of 66 functional qubits in a tunable coupling architecture. To characterize the performance of the whole system, we perform random quantum circuits sampling for benchmarking, up to a system size of 56 qubits and 20 cycles. The computational cost of the classical simulation of this task is estimated to be 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than the previous work on 53-qubit Sycamore processor [Nature \textbf{574}, 505 (2019)]. We estimate that the sampling task finished by \textit{Zuchongzhi} in about 1.2 hours will take the most powerful supercomputer at least 8 years. Our work establishes an unambiguous quantum computational advantage that is infeasible for classical computation in a reasonable amount of time. The high-precision and programmable quantum computing platform opens a new door to explore novel many-body phenomena and implement complex quantum algorithms.

Subjects:Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Cite as:arXiv:2106.14734 [quant-ph]
(or arXiv:2106.14734v1 [quant-ph] for this version)
 
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