China was never colonised. Why compare it's performance with newly independent countries?

[kris]

'Colonization' was a feature of imperial age. China had her own perils of imperialism. China was divided into what is called as 'Spheres of Influence' among European powers post opium wars. This was called as Cutting of Chinese Melon. This guy covers it nicely.

https://hubpages.com/education/Imperialism-China

Imperialism in China

Imperialist domination of China began with what are known as the Opium Wars. Before these wars, only two ports were open to foreign traders. British merchants bought Chinese tea, silk and other goods, but there was no market for British goods in China. Then British merchants started smuggling opium into China on a large scale.

The illegal opium trade was profitable to the British traders but did immense physical and moral damage to the Chinese. In 1839, when a Chinese government official seized an opium cargo and destroyed it, Britain declared war and easily defeated the Chinese. The Chinese were then forced to pay heavy damages to the British and tfl open five port cities to British traders. The Chinese government also agreed that in future British subjects in these ports would be tried for any crimes in English rather than in Chinese courts. This provision, which other western countries copied, came to be known as extraterritorial rights. The Chinese government was no longer free to impose tariff on foreign goods. The island of Hong Kong was turned over to Britain.

Soon France entered into similar unequal treaties with China. On the pretext that a French missionary had been murdered, England and France fought another war with China. China was defeated and was forced to grant more privileges to her conquerors.

The next important stage in the growth of imperialism in China came after the war with Japan. This came about when Japan tried to increase her influence over Korea which was under Chinese over-lordship. China resented this and the two countries went to war, which ended in victory for Japan. China gave Korea her independence and ceded Formosa and other islands to Japan. She was also forced to pay Japan heavy war damages amounting to about 150 million dollars.

France, Russia, Britain and Germany gave loans to China to help her to meet this payment But not for nothing, These western countries then divided China into spheres of influence, which meant that each country had certain regions of China reserved exclusively for its purposes. For example, in its sphere of influence, a country might have the right to build railways or work mines. Germany got Kiaochow Bay and exclusive rights in Shantung and in the Hwang-Ho valley; Russia took Liaotung Peninsula, along with the right to build railroads in Manchuria. France received Kwangchow Bay and extensive rights in three southern provinces of China. Britain got Wei-hi-Wei in addition to her sphere of influence in the Yangtze valley.

The United States feared that China would be completely parcelled out in exclusive spheres of influence and that its trade with China would be shut off. The United States, therefore, suggested the policy known as the 'Open Door'. This policy is also described as 'Me too' policy. According to this policy, all countries would have equal rights to trade anywhere in China. Britain supported the United States thinking that this policy would discourage the annexation of China by Japan and Russia, the two countries that could most easily send their armies to the mainland.

The scramble for privileges stopped in China after an uprising against the foreign powers known as the Boxer Rebellion. But the foreign powers were victorious and levied heavy damages on China as punishment. Imperialism continued, with the cooperation of Chinese warlords. These military commanders were supported by the loans which they got from foreign powers in exchange for more privileges. Though China was not conquered and occupied by any imperialist country, the effects of these developments on China were the same as in areas which and been colonized. In a period of a few decades, China had been reduced to the status of an international colony. The division of China into spheres of influence has often been described as the 'cutting of the Chinese melon'.

Really sad and unjust

 

[Indus Pakistan]

The fact is a huge geography was conquered by the British and united into their empire and was named by them as "British Raj" or the "British Indian Empire. It included present day Republic of India, Republic of Myanmar [Burma], Bangladesh and Pakistan. It had this flag [below].

A good example in the making of the British Raj is by looking at region coterminous to Pakistan. In 1840s the British invaded the Indus Valley [present day Pakistan] and by 1849 had subjugated all the various states therein. It took many bloody battles to "Make British India".

By late 1940s the British dissolved their empire and Burma, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh are the successor states of the Raj. And for those who might have problems understanding or are being plain obtuse here is a flowchart of the dissolution of the British Raj in 1940s and tracing it to the four successor states of that empire to the present day.

 

[nature is]

Why do you bring up facts BEFORE Machu conquered Ming Dynasty? Why is that relevant at all? AFTER the conquest, they were the masters of China, just like British were the masters of India.

Because Manchu were subject of Central Plain empire, Ming dynasty. After their revolt by forming an alliance with other Han Chinese, they claimed succession from Ming, called themselves Chinese and followed Chinese imperial system.

British came from Europe, conquered India, imposed their system. British remained British, not Indian.

Only a false flag would come up with such warped comparison.

 

[nang2]

Because Manchu were subject of Central Plain empire, Ming dynasty. After their revolt by forming an alliance with other Han Chinese, they claimed succession from Ming, called themselves Chinese and followed Chinese imperial system.

British came from Europe, conquered India, imposed their system. British remained British, not Indian.

Only a false flag would come up with such warped comparison.

It is amazing for a self-claimed "true" Chinese to accept a race with distinctive non-Chinese language as the legitimate successor to rule China.

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

'Colonization' was a feature of imperial age. China had her own perils of imperialism. China was divided into what is called as 'Spheres of Influence' among European powers post opium wars. This was called as Cutting of Chinese Melon. This guy covers it nicely.

https://hubpages.com/education/Imperialism-China

Imperialism in China

Imperialist domination of China began with what are known as the Opium Wars. Before these wars, only two ports were open to foreign traders. British merchants bought Chinese tea, silk and other goods, but there was no market for British goods in China. Then British merchants started smuggling opium into China on a large scale.

The illegal opium trade was profitable to the British traders but did immense physical and moral damage to the Chinese. In 1839, when a Chinese government official seized an opium cargo and destroyed it, Britain declared war and easily defeated the Chinese. The Chinese were then forced to pay heavy damages to the British and tfl open five port cities to British traders. The Chinese government also agreed that in future British subjects in these ports would be tried for any crimes in English rather than in Chinese courts. This provision, which other western countries copied, came to be known as extraterritorial rights. The Chinese government was no longer free to impose tariff on foreign goods. The island of Hong Kong was turned over to Britain.

Soon France entered into similar unequal treaties with China. On the pretext that a French missionary had been murdered, England and France fought another war with China. China was defeated and was forced to grant more privileges to her conquerors.

The next important stage in the growth of imperialism in China came after the war with Japan. This came about when Japan tried to increase her influence over Korea which was under Chinese over-lordship. China resented this and the two countries went to war, which ended in victory for Japan. China gave Korea her independence and ceded Formosa and other islands to Japan. She was also forced to pay Japan heavy war damages amounting to about 150 million dollars.

France, Russia, Britain and Germany gave loans to China to help her to meet this payment But not for nothing, These western countries then divided China into spheres of influence, which meant that each country had certain regions of China reserved exclusively for its purposes. For example, in its sphere of influence, a country might have the right to build railways or work mines. Germany got Kiaochow Bay and exclusive rights in Shantung and in the Hwang-Ho valley; Russia took Liaotung Peninsula, along with the right to build railroads in Manchuria. France received Kwangchow Bay and extensive rights in three southern provinces of China. Britain got Wei-hi-Wei in addition to her sphere of influence in the Yangtze valley.

The United States feared that China would be completely parcelled out in exclusive spheres of influence and that its trade with China would be shut off. The United States, therefore, suggested the policy known as the 'Open Door'. This policy is also described as 'Me too' policy. According to this policy, all countries would have equal rights to trade anywhere in China. Britain supported the United States thinking that this policy would discourage the annexation of China by Japan and Russia, the two countries that could most easily send their armies to the mainland.

The scramble for privileges stopped in China after an uprising against the foreign powers known as the Boxer Rebellion. But the foreign powers were victorious and levied heavy damages on China as punishment. Imperialism continued, with the cooperation of Chinese warlords. These military commanders were supported by the loans which they got from foreign powers in exchange for more privileges. Though China was not conquered and occupied by any imperialist country, the effects of these developments on China were the same as in areas which and been colonized. In a period of a few decades, China had been reduced to the status of an international colony. The division of China into spheres of influence has often been described as the 'cutting of the Chinese melon'.

Still no comparison. There were trade issues but did below things happen to China?

1. Imposition of English language.

2. Looting of resources through activities like cultivation of indigo.

3. Deep British involvement in local administration.

4. Recruitment of natives to fight Britain's wars under the command of British officers.

5. Bengal famine.

 

[nang2]

Still no comparison. There were trade issues but did below things happen to China?

1. Imposition of English language.

2. Looting of resources through activities like cultivation of indigo.

3. Deep British involvement in local administration.

4. Recruitment of natives to fight Britain's wars under the command of British officers.

5. Bengal famine.

Imposition of English language is probably a good thing. It helps unite multiple regions with different languages to form the modern India.

 

[nature is]

It is amazing for a self-claimed "true" Chinese to accept a race with distinctive non-Chinese language as the legitimate successor to rule China.

Ascension to throne by claiming Mandate of Heaven, not what language/dialect you speak. Only subjects of the central plain empire would identify with the mandate. Manchu to Chinese are like Welsh to English. Those in Jianzhou under Ming spoke Chinese, those lived further don't. Eventually all do.

The largest Chinese dictionary was compiled under Kangxi emperor, aka Kangxi Dictionary. If you're Chinese, how come you don't it?

The more you argue, the more you reveal your're a false flag.

 

[master_13]

china was also utterly devastated and the entire country was in ruins after WWII, where India at the time had the best railway system in Asia and suffered practically no damage from WWII.

 

[haidian]

China was conquered by Manchurian, which quickly colonized the whole country.

Is Manchuria a foreign country? First time to know. Many Chinese ethnic groups ruled some part of today's China during different period of time in the history, but they are all part of the Chinese history, they are not foreigners.

 

[Nan Yang]

So clearly China had a head start in the competition.

Err ...... no. India got independent peacefully in one piece with a working government.
China was united by war. China was in a civil war when Japan invaded. After japan was defeated, the civil war resumed.
China was left with nothing when KMT took all the wealth to Taiwan after losing.
Then the Korean war started.
No. India was in a much better shape.

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

china was also utterly devastated and the entire country was in ruins after WWII, where India at the time had the best railway system in Asia and suffered practically no damage from WWII.

But Chinese were in control of it's country and took their own decisions. They weren't ruled by rulers who were actually enemy's agents masquerading as India's leaders.

In fact China was indulging in expansionism annexing Tibet etc.

 

[haidian]

In fact China was indulging in expansionism annexing Tibet etc.

Which China? Qing Dynasty or Yuan Dynasty? if you talk about the history, No countries now are what they were before.

 

[Kamikaze Pilot]

Err ...... no. India got independent peacefully in one piece with a working government.
China was united by war. China was in a civil war when Japan invaded. After japan was defeated, the civil war resumed.
China was left with nothing when KMT took all the wealth to Taiwan after losing.
Then the Korean war started.
No. India was in a much better shape.

Civil war means a deficiency of China's own people. Regarding WWII, Britain too fought it but by covert diplomacy they ensured it wasn't fought on it's territory. Regarding Korean war, who told Chinese to get involved?

 

[haidian]

Civil war means a deficiency of China's own people. Regarding WWII, Britain too fought it but by covert diplomacy they ensured it wasn't fought on it's territory. Regarding Korean war, who told Chinese to get involved?

China went through over a century of continous wars fighting both foreign invaders and ourselves till 1949, when CCP took power China was utterly a war torn wasteland with everything destroyed. India managed to stay out of devastating world wars and enjoyed long period of peace and development while most of world was burning.

 

[KAMDEV]

But Chinese were in control of it's country and took their own decisions. They weren't ruled by rulers who were actually enemy's agents masquerading as India's leaders.

In fact China was indulging in expansionism annexing Tibet etc.

China was unified by mao